Communicable Disease Flashcards
3 Types of Influenza Virus
Influenza A B C viruses
classified into subtypes based on combinations of
Hemagglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA)
Influenza A virus
Not classified into subtypes but broken down to lineages: B/Yamagata; B/Victoria
Influenza B virus
Most stable with low pathogenicity (subclinical infection)
Influenza C virus
most effective way to prevent the disease
Vaccine
through sneezing or coughing, but can also be by direct contact
with mucus- or droplet- contaminated surfaces (fomites)
Respiratory Droplets
can also occur from smaller particles derived from dried-out
droplets that become aerosolized. The results of aerosols of particles are more likely
from medical procedures such as manual ventilation, suction, and bronchoscopy.
Airborne transmission
Shepherd’s crook
morphology,
”U” or “6” shape
Pathogen
Cause disease in
primates
Reston virus
highly virulent and
require maximum containment
facilities for laboratory work:
Biosafety Level 4
Filovirus
Highest mortality rate of all the viral hemorrhagic fevers
25-90%
• Average case fatality rate 50%
The largest outbreak to date was the Ebola virus epidemic in
West Africa
the first known
outbreak of EVD (Sudan virus)
Sudan outbreak
Second outbreak
(Democratic Republic of the Congo)
(Zaire ebolavirus)
Zaire outbreak
Dengue fever is most common in
Southeast asia
