Commonalities

Question 1

bitters (15)

Answer 1

Achillea millefolium
articum lappa
artemsia absinthum
artemsia annua
artemsia vulgaris
berberis aquifolium
berberis vulgaris
chelidonium majus
chionanthus virginicus
cynara scolymus
gentian lutea
harpagaophytum procumbens
humulus lupus
hydrastus canadensis
juniperus communis
leptandra virginica
taraxacum officinale

Question 2

bitters (A: 5)

Answer 2

Achillea millefolium
articum lappa
artemsia absinthum
artemsia annua
artemsia vulgaris

Question 3

bitters (B:2)

Answer 3

berberis aquifolium

berberis vulgaris

Question 4

bitters (C: 3)

Answer 4

chelidonium majus
chionanthus virginicus
cynara scolymus

Question 5

bitters (H: 3)

Answer 5

harpagaophytum procumbens
humulus lupus
hydrastus canadensis

Question 6

bitters (G, J, L, T)

Answer 6

gentian lutea
juniperus communis
leptandra virginica
taraxacum officinale

Question 7

uterine tonics (7)

Answer 7

actea racemosa
angelica sinesis
caulophyllum thalictroides
chamaelirium luteum
mitchella repens
rubus idaeus
vitex agnus castus

Question 8

cathartics with anthraquinone glycosides

Answer 8

aloe vera latex
cassia spp
rhamnus purshiana
ricinus communis
rumex crispus

Question 9

herbal cathartics interactions

Answer 9

avoid use with hypokalemic drugs

• diuretics
• corticosteroids
• cardiac glycosides
• anti-arrhythmics
• pseudoephedrine
• glycyrrhiza

Question 10

demulcents (3)

Answer 10

althaea officinales
plantago major
ulmus rubra

Question 11

bitter digestive stimulating herbs CI

Answer 11

GERD
PUD
Gastritis
biliary obstruction
acute cholelithiasis
diarrhea

Question 12

adaptogens (9)

Answer 12

astragalus membranaceus
eleutherococcus senticosus
ganoderma lucidum
glycyrrhiza glabra
ligustic lucidum
panax ginseng
rhodiola rosea
schisandra chinesis
withania somniferi

Question 13

adapatogens interactions

Answer 13

usually many interactions

typical: antagonize immune suppression treatment
* adalimumab
* cyclosporine
* corticosteroids

Question 14

anti-muscarinics

Answer 14

atropa belladonna
datura stromonium
hyoscyamus niger

Question 15

topical counter-irritant (7)

Answer 15

capsicum frutescens
eucalyptus globulus
juniperus communis
mentha piperita
rosmarinus officinalus
thymus vulgarus
urtica dioica

Question 16

topical counter-irritant typical indications

Answer 16

OA
RA
myalgia
strains/sprains

Question 17

bitters interactions

Answer 17

increase gut motility which may lead to decrease gut absorption
antagonist effect with PPIs

Question 18

adaptogens (A, E, L, P, R, S, W: 1)

Answer 18

astragalus membranaceus
eleutherococcus senticosus
ligustic lucidum
panax ginseng
rhodiola rosea
schisandra chinesis
withania somniferi

Question 19

adaptogens (G: 2)

Answer 19

ganoderma lucidum

glycyrrhiza glabra

Question 20

Uterine tonics (A: 2, C: 2)

Answer 20

actea racemosa
angelica sinesis
caulophyllum thalictroides
chamaelirium luteum

Question 21

Uterine tonics (M, R, V: 1)

Answer 21

mitchella repens
rubus idaeus
vitex agnus castus

Question 22

topical counter-irritant ( C, E, J, M, R, T, U )

Answer 22

capsicum frutescens
eucalyptus globulus
juniperus communis
mentha piperita
rosmarinus officinalus
thymus vulgarus
urtica dioica

Question 23

herbs withcardioactive glycosides

Answer 23

convallaria majalis
digitalis purpurea
leonurus cardiaca

Question 24

cardioactive glycosides interactions

Answer 24

avoid use with hypokalemic drugs

• cathartics
• diuretics
• corticosteroids
• cardiac glycosides
• anti-arrhythmics
• pseudoephedrine
• glycyrrhiza

potentiates beta blockers

Question 25

herbs with unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (5)

Answer 25

``` cineraria maritima eupatorium perfoliatum eupatorium purpureum symphytum officinale tussilago farfara ```

Question 26

unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids ADR and interactions

Answer 26

! nausea, hepato veno occlusive disease, hepatic failure, death <> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs (cineraria maritima, eupatorium perfoliatum / purpureum, symphytum officinale, tussilago farfara)

Question 27

herbs that contain thujone

Answer 27

``` Achillea millefolium Salvia officinalis Artemesia (absenthium, vulgaris) Juniperus communis tanacetum vulgare Thuja occidentalis ```

Question 28

thujone ADR

Answer 28

emmenagogue abortifacient convulsions

Question 29

herbs that may potentiate doxorubicin

Answer 29

rosmarinus officinalis Panax ginseng Silybum marianus

Question 30

Herbs that may be hepatotoxic

Answer 30

``` piper methysticum herbs containing unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (cineraria, eupatorium, symphytum, tussilago) camellia sinensis larrea tridentata scuttelaria baicalensis ```

Question 31

urolithic herbs

Answer 31

``` equisterum arvense eupatorium purpureum galium aparine hydrangea arborescens taraxacum officinalis ```

Question 32

styptic herbs

Answer 32

capsella bursa-pastoris cinnamomum zelyanicum geranium maculatum hamamelis virginiana