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- : contraindications ! : adverse reactions / toxicity <> : interactions

1
Q

! baptisia tinctoria

A 
anorexia 
hypersalivation 
tachypnea 
tachycardia 
respiratory 
paralysis 
death
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2
Q

! , <> cineraria martima

A

contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids

! nausea, hepato veno occlusive dz, hepatic failure, death

<> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs

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3
Q

! achillea millefolium

A

contains thujone: emmenagogue, abortifacient, convulsions

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4
Q

! aconitum napellus

A

narrow therapeutic window

OD similar to parasympatholytics

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5
Q

! actea racemosa

A

nausea

OD: sedative, bradycardia, hypotension

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6
Q

! allium cepa / sativum

A

increased bleeding time

may worsen colicky baby through breast milk

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7
Q

! aloe vera latex, rhamnus purshiana, Ricinus communis (internal), Rumex crispus

A

GI cramping
red feces
pseudomelanosis coli
diarrhea

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8
Q

! artemisia absinthum

A

thujone: emmenagogue, abortifacient, convulsions

vomiting, impotence, disturbed sleep, convulsion, death

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9
Q

! artemisia vulgaris

A

thujone: emmenagogue, abortifacient, convulsions

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10
Q

! astragalus membranaceus

A

may increase fibrin formation

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11
Q

! atropa belladonna

A

“hot as a hare, red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter”

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12
Q

! bacopa monierri

A

palpitations
nausea
dry mouth
thirst and fatigue

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13
Q

! berberis aquifolium

A

dz’s affected by bitter digestive stimulation

late pregnancy

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14
Q

! berberis vulgaris and berberis aquifolium

A 
nausea
vomiting 
mucous membrane 
irritation  
hypotension  
heart failure  
convulsions  
parathesias
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15
Q

! camellia sinensis

A

potentially hepatotoxic

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16
Q

! ceanothus americanus

A

may increase clotting

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17
Q

! centella asiatic

A

HTN
hematochezia
pruritus
photosensitivity

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18
Q

! chelidonium majus

A 
nausea
vomiting
burning in mouth
abdominal pain
diarrhea
stupor
coma
death
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19
Q

! cinnamomum zelyanicum

A

OD of essential oil: nausea, vomiting, convulsions, pulmonary edema, liver damage, kidney damage, coma

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20
Q

! coleus forskohlii

A

GI stimulation

nausea

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21
Q

! convallaria majalis

A

yellow/green halo around objects
bradycardia
death

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22
Q

! datura stramonium

A

hot as a hare, red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter

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23
Q

! digitalis purpurea

A

yellow/green halo around objects
bradycardia
death

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24
Q

! ephedra sinica

A

mild agitation, increased alertness, myocardial infarct

OD: sympathomimetic (nausea, vomitting, vertigo, diaphoresis, tremor, headache, agitation, tachycardia, palpitaions,seizure, death)

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25
! equisteum arvense
long term use depletes B1
26
! fucus vesiculosus
decreased absorption of K, Fe, Na abrnomal CBC diarrhea heavy metal poisoning
27
! glycyrrhiza glabra
pseudoaldosteronism | reduces thyroid activity
28
! grindelia robusta
hypermagnesemia hyperselenemia bradycardia
29
! hydrastis canadensis
``` nausea dysbiosis berberine displaces bilirubin from albumin bradycardia spasms paralysis delirium ```
30
! hyoscyamus niger
hot as a hare, red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter
31
! hypericum perforatum
photosensitive rash | elevated liver enzymes
32
! juglans nigras
nausea carcinogenic mutagenic
33
! juniperus communis
thujone: emmenagogue, abortifacient, convulsions
34
! larrea tridentata
n/v anorexia jaundice hepatotoxicity
35
! lobelia inflata
n/v to death
36
! melaleuca alternifolia
neurotoxic if ingested
37
! panax ginseng
ginseng abuse syndrome (euphoria, diarrhea, nervousness, insomnia, HTN, skin eruptions) mastalgia post-menopausal bleeding
38
! passiflora incarnata
CNS depressions cardiac depression respiratory depression
39
! pausinystalia yohimbe
cardiac, respiratory paralysis
40
- , <> gentian lutea
- dz's affected by bitter digestive stimulation <> antagonistic effect with PPI <> bitter: decrease drug absorption
41
- , <> leptandra virginica
- dzs common to bitter digestive stimulation <> antagonistic effect with PPI, doxycylcine <> reduces B vitamin absorption <> antatgonizes podophyllum<> bitter: decrease drug absorption
42
- , ! , <> eupatorium perfoliatum
contains unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids, see commonalities. ! nausea, hepato veno occlusive dz, hepatic failure, death <> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs
43
- , ! , <> eupatorium purpureum
contains unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids, see commonalities. ! nausea, hepato veno occlusive dz, hepatic failure, death <> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs
44
- , ! , <> gymnema sylvestre
- GERD ! aggravates reflux <> decrease insulin requirement, potentiate hypoglycemic drugs, potentiate atorvastatin
45
- , ! aesculus hippocastanum
- high doses ! nausea, unprocessed fruit toxic ! IM injection: hepatitis, renal failure
46
- , ! lomatium dissectum
- pregnancy - concurrent UV therapy ! whole body rash
47
- achillea millefolium
dz's affected by bitter digestive stimulationlarge doses, pregnancy
48
- aconitum napellus
pregnancy lactation high doses
49
- actea racemosa
1st trimester lactation estrogen dependent tumors
50
- allium cepa / sativum
bleeding d/o anticoagulant therapy thyroid dz
51
- aloe vera latex, rhamnus purshiana, Ricinus communis (internal), Rumex crispus
``` > 10 day use intestinal obstruction unknown abdominal pain bulimia pregnant lactating ```
52
- althaea officinalis
wet cough
53
- angelica sinesis
menorrhagia | bleeding diathesis
54
- arnica montana
internal use ! gastroenteritis, headache, altered heart rate, HTN, dyspnea, cardiovascular collapse, coma, death
55
- artemisia absinthum
dz's affected by bitter digestive stimulation large doses pregnancy lactation
56
- artemisia annua
pregnancy | lactation
57
- artemisia vulgaris
dz's affected by bitter digestive stimulation pregnancy lactation
58
- articum lappa
pregnancy at high doses | dz's affected by bitter digestive stimulation
59
- aspidosperma quebracho
``` dry cough pregnancy lactation infants long term use ```
60
- astragalus membranaceus
may exacerbate alzheimers disease and acute infections
61
- atropa belladona
``` long term use or high dose BPH urinary retention prostate cancer tachycardia arrhytmia closed angle glaucoma acute pulmonary edema GI stenosis megacolon pregnancy lactation children ```
62
- baptisia tinctoria
long term use high dose pregnancy lactation
63
- berberis vulgaris
``` dz's affected by bitter digestive stimulation hyperbilirubinemia kidney disease acute hepatitis cirrhosis liver cancer pregnancy lactation ```
64
- bryonia alba
internal use pregnancy lactation
65
- camellia sinensis
``` children beri beri CVD kidney disease duodenal ulcer psychological d/o pregnancy ```
66
- capsella bursa-pastoris
major bleed | pregnancy
67
- caulophylum thalictroides
early pregnancy ! 2 cases of fetal harm
68
- chamaleirium luteum
early pregnancy | GI irritation
69
- chelidonium majus
common cholagogue CI( biliary obstruction, hepatic failure, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, unconjugated hyper bilirubinemia) pregnancy lactation children
70
- chionanthus virginicus
common cholagogue CI( biliary obstruction, hepatic failure, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, unconjugated hyper bilirubinemia)
71
- cineraria maritima
internal use over broken skin pregnancy lactation
72
- cinnamomum zelyanicum
``` GERD gastritis biliary obstruction acute cholelithiasis high doses of essential oil during pregnancy ```
73
- coleus forskohlii
PUD pregnancy lactation children
74
- commiphora mukul
IBD pregnancy lactation coagulation D/O
75
- commiphora myrrha
high doses in pregnancy
76
- convallaria majalis
``` hypokalemia hypomagnesemia hypocalcemia hypercalcemia ventricular arrhythmia kidney failure severe carditis pregnancy lactation ```
77
- corydalis spp
pregnancy | lactation
78
- curcuma longa
biliary obstruction acute cholelithiasis hyperchlorhydria pregnancy
79
- cynara scolymus
dz's affected by bitter digestive stimulation
80
- datura stramonium
same as atropa belladonna, hysocamus niger ``` BPH urinary retention prostate cancer tachycardia arrhytmia closed angle glaucoma acute pulmonary edema GI stenosis megacolon pregnancy lactation children ```
81
- digitalis purpurea
``` hypokalemia hypomagnesemia hypocalcemia hypercalcemia ventricular arrhythmia kidney failure severe carditis pregnancy lactation ```
82
- dioscorea villosa
``` biliary obstruction cholecystitis biliary cancer pancreatic cancer hepatitis cirrhoiss ```
83
- eleutherococcus senticosus
long term use acute infections HTN
84
- ephedra sinica
``` HTN hyperthyroidism BPH glaucoma CAD anorexia pregnancy lactation ```
85
- equisteum arvense
HTN hypokalemia coagulation D/O
86
- foeniculum vulgare
pregnancy biliary obstruction GERD
87
- fucus vesiculosus
hyperthyroidism pregnancylactation long term consumption of iodine
88
- ganoderma lucidum
mold sensitivity | organ transplant
89
- gingko biloba
bleeding diathesis | hx of hemorrhagic stroke
90
- harpagophytum procumbens
dz's common to bitter digestive stimulation
91
- humulus lupulus
dz's common to bitter digestive stimulation
92
- hydrastis canadensis
dz's common to bitter digestive stimulation
93
- hyoscyamus niger
``` long term use or high dose BPHurinary retention prostate cancer tachycardia arrhytmia closed angle glaucoma acute pulmonary edema GI stenosis megacolon pregnancy lactation children ```
94
- hypericum perforatum
SI | high doses in pregnancy
95
- iris versicolor
``` GERD PUD gastritis biliary obstruction acute cholelithiasis diarrhea acute hepatitis acute cholecystitis pregnancy lactation ```
96
- juniperus communis
dz's common to digestive bitter stimulation
97
- larrea tridentata
liver dz topically on broken skin pregnancy lactation
98
- lobelia inflata
``` cardiac hypertrophy heart block weak constitution pregnancy lactation infants ```
99
- lycopus virginicus
``` infertility pregnancy lactation children euthyroid hypothyroid ```
100
- medicago sativa
high doses in pregnancy | lactation
101
- melissa officinalis
GERD | hypothyroidism
102
- mentha piperita
``` hiatal hernia GERD G6PD pregnancy cholelithiasis ```
103
- mitchella repens
early pregnancy
104
- momordica charantia
pregnancy
105
- olea europa
hyper active gut | large gall stones
106
- panax ginseng
``` HTN pregnancy mental health (anxiety / depression) hemorrhage psoriasis ```
107
- passiflora incarnata
pregnancy
108
- pausinystalia yohimbe
``` schizophrenia PTSD panic attacks CAD angina HTN pregnancy lactation ```
109
-, !, <> arctostaphylos uva ursi
- pregnancy, use > 10 days ! nausea, chronic use may be carcinogenic ! OD: tinnitus, vomiting, delirium, convulsion, death <> vitamin C + cranberry acidify urine
110
<> achillea millefolium
antagonist effect with PPI | bitter: decrease drug absorption
111
<> actea racemosa
HRT therapy leading to estrogen excess | decrease hot flushes with tamoxifen
112
<> allium cepa / sativum
potentiate warfarin | potentiate insulin and hypoglycemic drugs
113
allium cepa / sativum indications
atherosclerosis hypercoagulative states dyslipidemia
114
<> aloe vera gel
additive hypoglycemic effect with glyburide | polysac. effect: reduce absorption of drugs
115
<> aloe vera latex, rhamnus purshiana, Ricinus communis (internal), Rumex crispus
avoid hypokalemic drugs * diuretics * corticosteroids * cardiac glycosides * anti arrhytmics * pseudoephedrine * glycyrrhiza reduce absorption of drugs due to increased transit time
116
<> althaea officinalis
polysac. effect: reduce absorption of drugs
117
<> angelica sinesis
potentiates warfarin
118
<> artemisia absinthum
antagonist effect with PPI | bitter: decreased drug absorption
119
artemisia absinthum indications
poor digestion, roundworms
120
artemisia annua indication
malaria
121
<> artemisia vulgaris
antagonistic with PPI potentiate hypoglycemic drugs BItter: decrease drug absorption
122
artemisia vulgaris indications
poor digestion depressiona menorrhea optimize by combining with Iron
123
<> articum lappa
antagonist effect with PPI additive hypoglycemic effect with insulin bitter: decreased drug absorption
124
articum lappa actions
alterative, bitter, hepatoprotective
125
<> asclepias tuberosa
cardiac glycosides * digoxin * convallaria * digitalis * leonurus
126
aspidosperma quebracho indications
dyspnea | wet cough
127
<> astragalus membranaceus
potentiates acyclovir potentiates IFN 1 and 2 antagonize corticosteroids polysac.effect: decrease absorption of drugs
128
astragalus membranaceus indications
``` depressed immune system infection viral cardiomyopathy pharyngitis tonsillitis cancer male infertility ```
129
<> atropa belladona
potentiates anticholinergic drugs * atropine * bupropion * dextromethorphan * dicyclomine * diphenhydramine * tiotropium bromide * tolterodine * TCA (amitryptyline) * amantadine
130
avena sativa actions
generally safe nervine, anxiolytic, hypolipidemic, nutritive
131
<> bacopa monierri
CYP450 induction ``` potentiate Ca blockers Potentiate sedatives potentiate barbituates Potentiate benzodiazepines potentiate opiates potentiate trazodone potentiate zolpidem ```
132
bacopa monierri indications
cognition poor memory anxiety
133
baptisia tinctoria indications
``` upper respiratory infections pharyngitis tonsilitis mastitis delirium with fever chronic fatigue ```
134
<> berberis aquifolium
antagonist effect with PPI bitter: decrease drug absorption may cause intestinal or vaginal dysbiosis
135
berberis aquifolium indications
poor digestion | chronic skin disease
136
<> berberis vulgaris
antagonistic effect on PPI potentiates barbituates bitter: decrease drug absorption
137
berberis vulgaris indications
poor digestion chronic hepatitis liver disease gall stones
138
<> boswellia serrata
enhances NSAIDS
139
boswellia serrata indications
``` inflammatory conditions asthma crohn's UC OA RA Chronic prostatitis ```
140
<> bryonia alba
``` GI sxs hypothermia bronchial irritation mydriasis headache tachycardia paralysis death ```
141
bryonia alba indications
used topically for pain rheumatism PUD
142
calendula officinalis actions
generally safe vulnerary
143
camellia sinensis indications
``` asthma cancer prevention infection cavity prevention weight loss memory enhancement stimulant ```
144
<> camellia sinesis
many interactions, high likelihood that it would not be indicated if pharmaceutical is being used reduce iron absorption
145
<> cannabis sativum
potentiates opiates | potentiates barbituates
146
<> capsella bursa-pastoris
potentiate anticoagulants
147
capsella bursa-pastoris indications
``` styptic mild menorrhagia metrorrhagia post partum hemorrhage hemorrhoids ```
148
<> capsicum frutescens
anticoagulants inhibits CYP450 may aggravate cough from ACEi
149
capsicum frutesecens indications
internal: * hypochlorhydria * h pylori * maldigestion * dyspepsia * biliary insufficiency * atherosclerosis * hypercoagulation * capillary atony external * diabetic neuropathy * pruritis * psoriasis * OA * RA
150
<> cassia spp
avoid hypokalemic drugs * diuretics * corticosteroids * cardiac glycosides * anti arrhytmics * pseudoephedrine * glycyrrhiza
151
cassia spp special time of use different from most cathartics
may be used while lactating
152
<> caulophylum thalictroides
interferes with angina treatment (nitroglycerin)
153
caulophylum thalictroides actions
"blue cohosh" uterine tonic
154
<> ceanothus americanus
antagonize warfarin
155
ceanothus americanus actions
splenoprotective hepatoprotective lymphatic alterative
156
centella asiatic indications
insomnia dementia poor memory chronic venous insufficiency
157
<> chamaleirium luteum
may potentiate anticoagulants
158
Chamaleirium luteum actions
uterine tonic
159
Chelidonium majus actions / indications
alterative, bitter, cholagogue topical: * warts * eczema * corns internal: * prevent gallstones * biliary insufficiency * whooping cough
160
Chionanthus virginicus actions / indications
cholagogue, alterative, bitter ``` liver gallbladder dysfunction jaundice hepatomegaly biliary insufficiency gall stones chronic skin conditions constipation dyspepsia typhoid fever malaria ```
161
cineraria maritima actions / indications
anti-cataract topical applications for cataracts
162
<> cinnamomum zelyanicum
essential oil may deplete glutathione | tannins may reduce drug absorption
163
cinnamomum zelyanicum actions / indications
astringent, carminative internal: hemorrhage, dyspepsia
164
<> coleus forskohlii
``` potentiates cardiac glycosides potentiates warfarin potentiates insulin and hypoglycemic drugs potentiates antihistamines potentiates levothyroxine ``` increases bleed with NSAIDs antagonizes PPIs
165
coleus forskohlii actions and indications
adenylate cyclase activator, vasodilator asthma dilated cardiomyopathy HTN
166
<> commiphora mukul
induce CYP450 | may decrease bioavailability of propranolol, diltiazem
167
commiphora mukul actions / indications
hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory hyperlipidemia elevated LDL inflammation OA
168
<> commiphora myrrha
potentiates insulin and hypoglycemic drugs
169
commiphora myrrha actions / indcations
antimicrobial, antitussive ``` excess mucous infections vaginitis gastroenteritis dypsepsia infection ```
170
<> convallaria majalis
avoid hypokalemic drugs * diuretics * corticosteroids * cardiac glycosides * anti arrhytmics * pseudoephedrine * glycyrrhiza potentiates beta-blockers
171
convallaria majalis indications
CHF atrial arrhythmias hypotension
172
<> cordyceps sinensis
potentiates epinephrine
173
cordyceps sinensis indications / actions
bronchodilator, anti cancer acute infection anemia protects bone marrow
174
<> corydalis spp
similar effect as Ca-channel blockers
175
corydalis spp actions / indications
strong analgesic, sedative pain management protects against NSAID ulcers angina arrhytmias
176
<> crataegus oxycantha
may cause HTN with beta-blocker | tannins: may reduce drug absorption
177
cratageus oxycantha actions / indications
``` cardiotonic CHF arrhytmias cardiac weakness capillary fragility mild HTN ```
178
<> curcuma longa
may potentiate warfarin
179
curucma longa actions / indications
anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, cholagogue, hepatoprotective ``` cancer OA RA inflammation protection of NSAIDs induced ulcers ```
180
<> cynara scolymus
antagonistic effect with PPI | bitter: decrease drug absorption
181
cynara scolymus actions / indications
bitter, hypolipidemic dyslipidemia poor digestion
182
<> datura stramonium
potentiates anticholinergic drugs * atropine * bupropion * dextromethorphan * dicyclomine * diphenhydramine * tiotropium bromide * tolterodine * TCA (amitryptyline) * amantadine
183
datura stramonium actions / indications
spasmolytic (antimuscarinic) acute asthma smooth muscle spasm whopping cough pertussis
184
digitalis purpura actions / indications
cardiac stimulant, + inotropic, negative chronotropic CHF atrial arrhytmias
185
<> digitalis purpurea
avoid hypokalemic drugs * diuretics * corticosteroids * cardiac glycosides * anti arrhytmics * pseudoephedrine * glycyrrhiza potentiates beta-blockers
186
dioscorea villosa actions / indications
spasmolytic dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, PMS, threatened miscarriage
187
<> echinacea spp
antagonize immune suppression therapy * adalimumab * cyclosporine * corticosteroids
188
echinacea spp actions / indications
immune stimulant ``` influenza upper respiratory tract infection pharyngitis tonsillitis skin infections ```
189
<> eleutherococcus senticosus
antagonize immune suppression therapy * adalimumab * cyclosporine * corticosteroids
190
eleutherococcus senticosus actions / indications
adaptogen ``` pharyngitis tonsillitis infection cancer chronic inflammation hyppadrenocorticism ```
191
<> ephedra sinica
potentiates sympathomimetics * albuterol * epinephrine * phelephrine * pseduoephedrine * salbutamol * caffeine * dextroamphetamine * methylphenidate * MAOi's antagonizes * alpha and beta blockers, * TCAs increases clearance of desxamethasone
192
ephedra sinica action / indications
adnergic agonist, bronchodilator bronchitis asthma COPD urinary incontinence
193
<> equisteum arvense
avoid hypokalemic drugs * diuretics * corticosteroids * cardiac glycosides * anti arrhytmics * pseudoephedrine * glycyrrhiza may antagonize warfarin
194
equisteum arvense actions indications
aquaretic, astringent urolithiasis, edema
195
eschscholzia californica actions / indications
nervine, hypnotic, anodyne nerve related pain insomnia
196
<> eschzscholzia californica
may potentiate MAOi, SSRIs
197
eucalyptus globulus actions / indications
antimicrobial , counter irritant internal: upper respiratory tract infection, pharyngitis, tonsillitis
198
eupatorium perfoliatum actions / indications
diaphoretic pain from cough, fever
199
Eupatorium purpureum actions / indications
anti-lithic urolithiasis
200
euphrasia officinalis actions / indications
anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic opthalmias, allergic rhinitis / conjunctivitis
201
foeniculum vulgare actions / indicaitons
carminative, galactagogue, phytoestrogen infant colic insufficient lactation hypo/hyper- estrogen states
202
<> fucus vesiculosus
levothyroxine | may potentiate amiodarone, lithium
203
Fucus vesiculosus indications
``` hypothyroidsm goiter rheumatism RA obesity ```
204
galium aparine actions /indications
aquaretic nodular growths lymphadenitis lower UTI urolithiasis
205
<> ganoderma lucidum
antagonize immune suppression therapy * adalimumab * cyclosporine * corticosteroids potentiates * barbituates * anticoagulants * atorvastatin
206
ganoderma lucidum actions / indications
adaptogen ``` insomnia allergies bronchial asthma liver disease chronic immune deficiency ```
207
<> gelsemium sempervirens
may potentiate aspirin
208
gelsemium sempervirens actions /indciations
anodyne, parturifacient ovarian cyst pain induction of labour insomnia nervous unrest
209
gentian lutea actions / indications
bitter, cholagogue poor digestion
210
geranium maculatum actions / indications
styptic, venotonic hemorrhage varicose veins diarrhea
211
<> geranium maculatum
tannins: may reduce drug absorption
212
<> gingko biloba
potentiate anticoagulants
213
gingko biloba actions / indicators
vasodilator intermittant claudication cerebrovascular insufficiency
214
<> glycyrrhiza glabra
avoid hypokalemic drugs * diuretics * corticosteroids * cardiac glycosides * anti arrhytmics * pseudoephedrine * glycyrrhiza
215
glycyrrhiza glabra actions / indications
adaptogen, phytoestrogen, hepatoprotective ``` viral infection hormone balance inflammation hypoadrenocorticism chronic fatigue syndrome ```
216
grindelia robusta actions / indications
respiratory stimulant asthmatic breathing dry cough upper respiratory tract infection bronchitis
217
gymnema sylvestre actions / indications
hypolipidemic, anti obesity diabetes mellitus hypercholesterolemia
218
<> hamamelis virginia
tannins: reduce druve absorption
219
hamamelis virginiana actions / indications
styptic, astringent ``` hemorrhage varicose veins chronic venous insufficiency thrombophlebitis DVT enlarged cervix ```
220
harpagophytm procumbens actions / indications
bitter, anti-rheumatic poor digestion OA RA rheumatism
221
<> harpagophytum procumbens
antagonistic effect with PPI
222
<> humulus lupulus
antagonistic effect with PPI | bitter: decreased drug absorption
223
humulus lupus actions / indications
hypnotic, nervine, phytoestrogen, bitter poor digestion insomnia estrogen imbalance menopause
224
hydrangea arborescens actions / indications
anti-lithiic, renal sedative ``` urolithiasis prostatitis BPH dysuria cystitis urethritis acute nephritis acute pyelonephritis ```
225
<> hydrastis canadensis
``` antagonistic effect with PPI potentiates hypoglycemic drugs may potentiate barbituates reduce vitamin B absorption bitters: decrease drug absorption ```
226
hydrastis canadensis actions / indications
bitter, "king of mucous membranes" poor digestion catarrh on mucus membranes
227
<> hyoscyamus niger
potentiates anticholinergic drugs * atropine * bupropion * dextromethorphan * dicyclomine * diphenhydramine * tiotropium bromide * tolterodine * TCA (amitryptyline) * amantadine
228
hyoscyamus niger action / indications
anti-muscarinic (spasmolytic) smooth muscle spasm delirium schizophrenia insomnia
229
<> hypericum perforatum
may cause serontonin syndrome with SSRIs CYP450 3A4 induction antagonizes theophylline, cyclosporine, digoxin, warfarin potentiates zidovudine
230
hypericum perforatum actions / indications
antidepressant, anti inflammatory depresssion deep painful wounds
231
inula helenium actions / indications
expectorant, demuclent, anti-tussive, antimicrobial ashtma COPD cough upper respiratory tract infection
232
Iris versicolor
cholagogue, alterative biliary insufficiency mild hepatitis thyroid
233
Juglans nigras actions / indications
anti-parasitic, anti-helminthic intestinal parasites and worms
234
<> juniperus communis
antagonistic effect with PPI | bitters: decrease drug absorption
235
juniperus communis actions / indications
bitter, antimicrobial, diuretic, counter irritant internal: lower UTI, renal atonia, poor digestion
236
<> larrea tridentata
caution with hepatotoxic drugs | inhibits CYP450
237
larrea tridentata actions / indications
anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antineoplastic topical: HSV internal: cancer, infection
238
leonurus cardiaca actions / indications
anti-arrhytmic, nervine palpitations PMS hyperthyroidism
239
leptandra virginica actions / indications
bitter, hepatotonic poor diigestion hepatitis liver congestion cholecystitis
240
<> ligusticum lucidum
antagonize immune suppression therapy * adalimumab * cyclosporine * corticosteroids
241
ligusticum lucidum actions / indication
adaptogen, hypolipidemic hypercholesterolemia adjunct to chemotherapy heptatitis HTN
242
<> ligusticum porteri
may potentiate anticoagulants
243
ligusticum porteri actions / indications
antimicrobial upper and lower respiratory tract infection
244
<> linum usitatissimum
inteferes with aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole) inferferes with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride) reduces drug absorption reduces iron absorption potentiates anticoagulants
245
linum usitatissimum actions / indications
demulcent, laxative constipation urinary tract condition hormone balance
246
lobelia inflata actions / indications
stimulating expectorant wet or spasmodic cough asthma respiratory tract infection
247
lomatium dissectum actions / indications
antiviral, anti tussive viral respiratory infection
248
<> lycopus virginicus
may antagonize hypothyroid medications
249
lycopus virginicus actions / indications
thyroid and gonadotropin suppressant hyperthyroidism
250
<> matricaria chamomilla
may potentiate * sedatives * antihistamines * barbituates * benzodiazepines * opiates * trazodone * zolpidem
251
matricaria chamomilla actions / indications
anti-inflammatory, vulnerary, carminative ``` skin conditions (ulcer, wounds) GI upset (colic, gastritis, IBD) anxiety ```
252
<> medicago sativa
may potentiate hypoglycemic drugs may antagonize warfarin may antagonize HRT induces CYP450
253
medicago sativa actions / indicaitons
phytoestrogen, hepatoprotective hyper/hypo- estrogenism endometriosis infertility menopause
254
melaleuca alternifolia actions / indications
"tea tree" antifungal dermatophytosis
255
melissa officinalis actions / indications
nervine, carminative topical: HSV internal: hyperthyroidism, anxiety, insomnia, dyspepsia, IBS, gas
256
mentha piperita actions / indications
carminative, nervine, counter irritant internal: colic, non ulcer dyspepsia, flatus, maldigestion, IBS, n/v
257
mitchella repens actions / indications
uterine tonic ``` dysmennorrhea infertility leiomyoma menorrhgia threatened miscarriage premature labor ```
258
<> momordica charantia
may potentiate insulin and hypoglycemic drugs
259
momordica charantia actions / indications
hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, digestive diabetes mellitus psoriasisskin eruptions stomach ulcer intestinal worms
260
<> olea europa
may potentiate hypoglycemic drugs
261
olea europa actions / indications
cardioprotective, hypotensive, cholagogue, vulnerary HTN hyperlipidemia GI indications
262
<> panax ginseng
antagonize immune suppression therapy * adalimumab * cyclosporine * corticosteroids antagonize warfarin may potentiate * caffeine * MAOi * morphine * insulin * hypoglycemic drugs * immune drugs (amoxicillin, zidovudine, 5-FU, flu vaccine, paclitaxel, tamoxifen, doxorubicin, methotrexate
263
panax ginsing actions / indications
adaptogen, phytoestrogen, vulnerary, anti-tumor ``` cancer infection autoimmne disease fatigue stress hyper / hypo estrogen states ```
264
<> passiflora incarnata
may potentiate * MAOi * SSRI * sedatives * antihistamines * barbituates * benzodiazepines * opiates * trazodone * zolpidem
265
passiflora incarnate actions / indications
hypnotic, anxiolytic, nervine, spasmolytic insomnia anxiety spasms
266
<> pausinystalia yohimbe
potentiates * alpha adrenergic blockers (carvedilol, risperidone, tamsulosin, trazodone) * TCA * MAOis * Sympathomimeics antagonizes clonidine, atropine
267
pausinystalia yohimbe actions / indications
aphrodisiac (alpha 2 adrenergic blocker), stimulant impotence ED depression narcolepsy
268
- phytolacca americana
pregnancy long term use during lactation high doses
269
phytolacca americana actions / indications
``` lymphatic, alterative, anti-rheumatic * lymphadenopathy * cysts * mastitis * OA, RA, myalgias   ```
270
! phytolacca americana
``` GI irritation respiratory paralysis catharsis arrhymtmia death ```
271
piper methysticum actions / indications
anxiolytic, nervine, anodyne, muscle relaxant * anxiety * interstitial cystitis * neuralgia * leprosy * gout * GI and urinary catarrh
272
- piper methysticum
lactation | long term use at high doses
273
! piper methysticum
``` hepatotoxic addictive skin issues (exfoliative dermatitis, ulcers) vomiting unconsciousness ```
274
<> piper methysticum
potentiates anti-psychotics | potentiates benzodiazepines
275
piscidia erythrina actions / indications
anodyne, sedative, nervine, spasmolytic ``` myalgia neuralgia headaches insomnia pain spasm ```
276
- piscidia erythrina
pregnancy | high doses
277
! piscidia erythrina
N/V respiratory depression heart failure death
278
<> piscidia erythrina
may potentiate * sedatives * antihistamines * barbituates * benzodiazepines * opiates * trazodone * zolpidem
279
plantago major actions / indications
demulcent, vulnerary, analgesic, immune modulator topical * dermatitis * wounds * skin ulcers Internal: * gastritis * PUD * lower UTI * infections: respiratory tract
280
- plantago
wet cough
281
<> plantago
polysac. effect: decrease absorption of drugs
282
podophyllum pelatum actions / indications
antineoplastic, cholagogue, cathartic warts cancer
283
- podophyllum pelatum
ingesting fresh root dz's commonly CI to cholagogue activity (gallstones intestinal obstruction) topically over large area pregnant lactation
284
! podophyllum pelatum
dangerous reactions both topically and internal...death
285
prunus serotina actions / indications
relaxing expectorant spasmodic cough dry irritating cough dyspnea
286
- prunus serotina
pregnancy
287
! prunus serotina
contains cyanogenic glycosides Cyanide OD: dyspnea, spasms, stupor, vocal cord paraylsis, coma, death
288
prunus africanum actions / indications
prostatic tonic, 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory BPH chronic prostatitis low prostatic secretions
289
- prunus africanum
pregnancy | lactation
290
<> prunus africanum
may potentiate 5-alpha reductase inhibitors * finasteride * pygeum * serenoa
291
pulsatilla vulgaris actions / indications
anodyne, sedative, nervine pain (especially in female conditions) insomnia headache
292
- pulsatilla vulgaris
pregnancy | lactation
293
! pulsatilla vulgaris
n/v paralysis neurological suppression
294
quercus rubra actions / indications
astringent, styptic, antiseptic topical weeping eczema, hemorrhoids douche: leucorrhea, vaingal prolapse, post partum uterine bleeding internal: diarrhea, IBD, ulcers
295
- quercus rubra
heart failure large areas with skin damage constipation iron deficiency anemia
296
<> quercus rubra
tannins: reduce drug absorption
297
! quercus rubra
malabsorption with long term use
298
rauwolfia serpentina actions / indications
systemic vasodilator, hypotensive, anti-arrhythmic, anti-psychotic ``` HTN reynaud's schizophrenia insomnia vasospasm ```
299
- rauwolfia serpentina
``` depression parkinson's hyperprolactinemia active PUD UC pregnancy ```
300
! rauwolfia serpentina
severe catecholamine depleting (nightmares, hyperchlorhydria, peptic ulcer, bradycardia, depression, parkinsonism) sodium retention loose stool edema hypotension
301
<> rauwolfia serptina
antagonizes * MAOi * TCA * digoxin * sympathomimetics (albuterol, salbutamol, epinephrine, phenyleprine, pseudoephedrine) depletes catecholamines * NE * epinephrine * serontonin * dopamine
302
rhodiola rosea actions / indications
adaptogen, antidepressant stress suppressed immune system cancer depression
303
- rhodiola rosea
pregnancy | lactation
304
<> rhodiola rosea
inhibits CYP450 antagonize immune suppression therapy * adalimumab * cyclosporine * corticosteroids may potentiate * MAOi * SSRI * sedatives * antihistamines * barbituates * benzodiazepines * opiates * trazodone * zolpidem
305
ricinus communis topical actions / indications
anodyne, inflammation modulator, parturifacient ``` dysmennorrhea ovarian cysts PMS colic myalgia labour stimulant intestinal parasites ```
306
- ricinus communis topical
areas of broken skin
307
rosmarinus officinalis actions / indications
circulatory stimulant, counter irritant, carminative topical: myalgia, neuralgia, arthritis, alopecia internal: cerebrovascular insufficiency, maldigestion, liver detox enhancement
308
- rosmarinus officinalis
pregnancy | epilepsy
309
! rosmarinus officinalis
neurotoxic | death
310
<> rosmarinus officinalis
may potentiate * doxorubicin * vinblastine
311
rubus idaeus actions / indications
parturifacient, uterine tonic preparation for labour diarrhea
312
- rubus idaeus
early pregnancy
313
<> rubus idaeus
antagonizes warfarin inhibits CYP450 tannins: reduce drug absorption
314
Rumex crispus actions / indications
cholagogue, alterative chronic skin conditions acne
315
salix alba actions / indications
anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anitpyretic, astringent ``` pain interstitial cystitis OA RA fever myalgia ```
316
- salix alba
childhood viral exanthema G6PD lactation
317
! salix alba
salicylism (nausea, vomiting, GI irritation, tinnitus, lethargy, dizziness, cerebral edema, seizures
318
<> salix alba
may potentiate acetaminophen and NSAIDs, wafarin
319
salvia officinalis actions / indications
antimicrobial, astringent, anti-secretory topical: pharyngitis, tonsillitis, gingivitis, warts, peritonsillar abcess menopausal hot flashes
320
- salvia officinalis
large doses pregnancy lactation
321
! salvia officinalis
contains thujone: emmenagogue, abortifacient, convulsions essential oil can cause death, neurotoxicity,
322
sambucus nigra flower actions / indications
diaphoretic, inflammatin mod, anti-allergic, astringent ``` fever allergic conjunctivitis rhinitis pharyngitis tonsillitits sinusitis ```
323
sambucus nigra fruit actions / indications
antiviral, antioxidant, anti-catarrhal, anti-rheumatic influenza URTI neuralgia rheumatism
324
sanguinaria canadensis actions / indications
eschariotic, stimulating expectorant, cholaguge, sialogogue topically: cervical dysplasia, BCC, SCC, tinea pedis, warts,
325
schizandra chinensis actions / indications
adaptogen, hepatoprotective ``` chronic hepatitis liver damage fatigue physical stress debility depression insomnia withdrawal from benzodiazepines, opiates acetaminophen hepatotoxicity ```
326
- schizandra chinensis
pregnancy
327
<> schizandra chinensis
potentiates *barbituates inhibits CYP450
328
scutellaria baicalensis actions / indications
antiinflammatory, antimicrobial cancer OA RA
329
- scutellaria baicalensis
early pregnancy
330
! scutellaria baicalensis
possible hepatotoxicity, sedation, hypotension
331
<> scutellaria baicalensis
may potentiate * warfarin * sedatives * antihistamines * barbituates * benzodiazepines * opiates * trazodone * zolpidem
332
scutellaria lateriflora actions / indicatinos
hypnotic, anxiolytic insomnia anxiety
333
selenicereus grandiflorus actions / indications
anti-arrhythmic, diuretic arrhythmias palpitations CHF
334
- , ! selenicereus grandiflorus
- pregnancy, lactation, high doses ! nausea, vomiting, GI distress, heart failure
335
serenoa repens actions / indications
prostatic tonic, 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, diuretic BPH hyperestrosteronism impotence
336
- serenoa repens
use before surgery
337
<> serenoa repens
may potentiate * warfarin * 5-alpha reductase inhibitors
338
silybum marianum actions / indications
hepatoprotective, hepatorestorative ``` Hepatitis cirrhosis fatty liver prevention of cholelithiasis jaundice psoriasis ```
339
- silybum marianum
pregnancy
340
<> silybum marianum
potentiates *doxorubucin protects against * acetaminophen hepato/nephrotoxicity * cisplatin nephrotoxicity * cyclosporine pancreatic toxicity * methotrexate hepatotoxicity
341
smilax actions / indications
alterative, anti-inflammatory chronic dermatitis OA RA gout
342
<> Smilax
increased absorption of digitalis glycosides
343
- , ! smilax
- , ! GERD
344
solidago spp. actions / indications
anti-catarrhal, diuretic topical wound healing internal: upper respiratory tract infection, cystiotis, urethritis, dysuria
345
Symphytum officinale actions / indication
demulcent, vulnerary topical, wounds, ulcers internal: inflammation of the lungs / GI tract
346
- , ! , <> symphytum officinale
contains unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids ea, hepato veno occlusive dz, hepatic failure, death <> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs
347
tanacetum parthenium actions / indications
inflammation modulator, carminative migraine headaches
348
- tanacetum parthenium
pregnancy
349
<> tanacetum parthenium
antagonize morphine potentiate warfarin
350
tanacetum vulgare actions / indications
anti-parasitic, anti-helminthic intestinal parasites, worms
351
- tanacetum vulgare
contains thujone pregnancy lactation
352
! tanacetum vulgare
containes thujone | possible carcinogen
353
taraxacum officinale leafe actions / indications
bitter, diuretic, choleretic lower UTI urolithiais edema
354
taraxacum officinale root actions / indications
bitter, hepatoprotective Poor digestion
355
- taraxacum officinale
dz's common to bitter digestive stimulation
356
<> taraxacum officinale
antagonize PPI may potentiates * lithium * hypoglycemic drugs reduce B vitamin absorption Bitter effect: decrease drug absorption
357
theobroma cacao actions / indications
stimulant, vasodilator, smooth muscle relaxant smooth muscle spasms HTN anxiety cirrhosis
358
<> theobroma cacao
reduce absorption of Iron | HTN crisis with use of MAOi
359
thuja occindentalis actions / indications
immune modulator, diuretic topical: warts, lecuorrhea, anal fissures, chancre, ulcers interal: incontrinence, enuriesis, GU catarrh, bronchitis,
360
- , ! thuja occindentalis
- pregnancy - lactation contains thujone
361
thymus vulgaris actions / indications
antimicrobial, counter irritant internal: gastroenteritis, infections, asthma
362
<> thymus vulgaris
potentiate warfarin
363
tilea europa actions / indications
vasodilator, nervine, spasmolytic topical: anxiety, HTN, dermatitis, pruritis internal: restlessness, migraine, HTN
364
<> tilea europa
decrease absorption of iron
365
tribulus terrestris actions / indications
sex hormone enhancer, negative chronotropic infertility CAD decreased libido
366
- tribulus terrestris
``` GERD cholestasis BPH pregnancy lactation ```
367
<> tribulus terrestris
may potentiate * cardiac glycosides * beta blockers * Ca channel blockers
368
trifolium pratense actions / indications
phytoestrogen, nervine, estrogen imbalance menopause
369
<> trifolium pratense
may potentiate warfarin
370
tussilago farfara actions / indications
relaxing expectorant, anti-tussive dry cough inflammation of HEENT and respiratory tract
371
- , ! , <> tussilago farfara
contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids ! nausea, hepato veno occlusive dz, hepatic failure, death <> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs
372
ulmus rubra actions / indications
demulcent, astringent, anti-inflammatory GI inflammation lower UTI sore throat
373
<> ulmus rubra
polysac. effect: reduce absorption of drugs
374
urtica dioica leaf actions / indications
leaf: diureteic, counter irrtant seed: nephro-protective root: prostatic tonic leaf: OA, RA leaf internal: lower UTI seed intenral : chronic renal failure root intenral: BPH
375
usnea barbata actions / indications
antimicrobial infection RA
376
- usnea barbata
usneic acid is hepatotoxic when isolated and administered
377
vaccinium myrtillus actions / indicaitons
ventotonic, antioxidant chronic venous insufficency diabetic retinopathy diarrhea constipation
378
! vaccinium myrtillus
long term use may damage liver
379
<> vaccinium myrtillus
may potentiate insulin / hypoglycemic drugs tannins effect: may reduce absorption
380
valeriana officinalis actions / indications
hypnotic, anxiolytic insomnia anxiety
381
<> valeriana officinalis
may potentiate * sedatives * antihistamines * barbituates * benzodiazepines * opiates * trazodone * zolpidem
382
veratrum album actions / indications
hypotensive, cholera HTN cholera
383
- veratrum album
do not prescribe, too toxic pregancy lactation
384
verbascum thapsus
demulcent, anti-tussive topical: acute otitis media, otitis externa internal: cough, asthma, COPD
385
verbena officinalis actions / indications
pituitary balancing, nervine, galactagogue, emmenagogue anovulation, dysmenorrhea, hepatitis
386
<> verbena officinalis
may antagonize warfarin
387
viburnum opulus / prunifolium actions / indicaitons
spasmolytic, astrringent, emmenagoguge dysmenorrhea PMS smooth muscl spasms opiate withdrawal
388
! viburnum opulus / prunifolium
contains salicin --> salicylate hypersenstivity
389
vinca major actions / indications
hypotensive, circulatory stimulant HTN menorrhagia metrorrhagia
390
- vinca major
pregnancy | lactation
391
viscum album / flavescens actions / indications
hypotensive, anti-tumour, cerebral circulatory stimulant subQ: HIV, AIDs, cancer internal: HTN, headahce, vertigo, epilepsy, neuralgia, rheumatism, tachycardia
392
<> viscum album / flavescens
may potentiate MAOIs
393
- viscum album / flavescens
pregnancy lactation migraines
394
vitex agnus castus actions /indicaitons
pituitary balancing, uterine tonic dysmenorrhea PMS hyper prolacteinemia hypoestrogenism
395
- vitex agnus castus
pregnancy | impotence
396
! vitex agnus castus
formication
397
withania somniferi actions / indications
adaptogen,sedative, enhace cognition chronic stress nervous exhaustion anxiety
398
<> withania somniferi
potentiates * phenobarbital * epileptics antagonize immune suppression therapy * adalimumab * cyclosporine * corticosteroids
399
- withania somniferi
pregnancy | autoimmune dz
400
zingiber officinale actions /indications
digestive stimulant, carminative, anti-emetic, anti-inflammatory maldigestion motions sickness inflmation aspirin damage to mucosal surfaces
401
- zingiber officinale
``` PUD gastritis hyperchlorhydria bilary obstruciton actue cholelithasis diarrhea raynaud's ```
402
<> zingiber officinale
may potentiate warfarin antagonize anacids decrease drug absorption

0 botanical medicine (2 decks)

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