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0 botanical medicine > all herbs > Flashcards

all herbs Flashcards

- : contraindications ! : adverse reactions / toxicity <> : interactions

1
Q

! baptisia tinctoria

A 
anorexia 
hypersalivation 
tachypnea 
tachycardia 
respiratory 
paralysis 
death
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2
Q

! , <> cineraria martima

A

contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids

! nausea, hepato veno occlusive dz, hepatic failure, death

<> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs

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3
Q

! achillea millefolium

A

contains thujone: emmenagogue, abortifacient, convulsions

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4
Q

! aconitum napellus

A

narrow therapeutic window

OD similar to parasympatholytics

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5
Q

! actea racemosa

A

nausea

OD: sedative, bradycardia, hypotension

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6
Q

! allium cepa / sativum

A

increased bleeding time

may worsen colicky baby through breast milk

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7
Q

! aloe vera latex, rhamnus purshiana, Ricinus communis (internal), Rumex crispus

A

GI cramping
red feces
pseudomelanosis coli
diarrhea

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8
Q

! artemisia absinthum

A

thujone: emmenagogue, abortifacient, convulsions

vomiting, impotence, disturbed sleep, convulsion, death

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9
Q

! artemisia vulgaris

A

thujone: emmenagogue, abortifacient, convulsions

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10
Q

! astragalus membranaceus

A

may increase fibrin formation

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11
Q

! atropa belladonna

A

“hot as a hare, red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter”

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12
Q

! bacopa monierri

A

palpitations
nausea
dry mouth
thirst and fatigue

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13
Q

! berberis aquifolium

A

dz’s affected by bitter digestive stimulation

late pregnancy

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14
Q

! berberis vulgaris and berberis aquifolium

A 
nausea
vomiting 
mucous membrane 
irritation  
hypotension  
heart failure  
convulsions  
parathesias
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15
Q

! camellia sinensis

A

potentially hepatotoxic

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16
Q

! ceanothus americanus

A

may increase clotting

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17
Q

! centella asiatic

A

HTN
hematochezia
pruritus
photosensitivity

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18
Q

! chelidonium majus

A 
nausea
vomiting
burning in mouth
abdominal pain
diarrhea
stupor
coma
death
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19
Q

! cinnamomum zelyanicum

A

OD of essential oil: nausea, vomiting, convulsions, pulmonary edema, liver damage, kidney damage, coma

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20
Q

! coleus forskohlii

A

GI stimulation

nausea

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21
Q

! convallaria majalis

A

yellow/green halo around objects
bradycardia
death

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22
Q

! datura stramonium

A

hot as a hare, red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter

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23
Q

! digitalis purpurea

A

yellow/green halo around objects
bradycardia
death

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24
Q

! ephedra sinica

A

mild agitation, increased alertness, myocardial infarct

OD: sympathomimetic (nausea, vomitting, vertigo, diaphoresis, tremor, headache, agitation, tachycardia, palpitaions,seizure, death)

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25
Q

! equisteum arvense

A

long term use depletes B1

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26
Q

! fucus vesiculosus

A

decreased absorption of K, Fe, Na
abrnomal CBC
diarrhea
heavy metal poisoning

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27
Q

! glycyrrhiza glabra

A

pseudoaldosteronism

reduces thyroid activity

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28
Q

! grindelia robusta

A

hypermagnesemia
hyperselenemia
bradycardia

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29
Q

! hydrastis canadensis

A 
nausea
dysbiosis
berberine displaces bilirubin from albumin
bradycardia
spasms
paralysis
delirium
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30
Q

! hyoscyamus niger

A

hot as a hare, red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter

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31
Q

! hypericum perforatum

A

photosensitive rash

elevated liver enzymes

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32
Q

! juglans nigras

A

nausea
carcinogenic
mutagenic

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33
Q

! juniperus communis

A

thujone: emmenagogue, abortifacient, convulsions

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34
Q

! larrea tridentata

A

n/v
anorexia
jaundice
hepatotoxicity

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35
Q

! lobelia inflata

A

n/v to death

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36
Q

! melaleuca alternifolia

A

neurotoxic if ingested

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37
Q

! panax ginseng

A

ginseng abuse syndrome (euphoria, diarrhea, nervousness, insomnia, HTN, skin eruptions)
mastalgia
post-menopausal bleeding

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38
Q

! passiflora incarnata

A

CNS depressions
cardiac depression
respiratory depression

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39
Q

! pausinystalia yohimbe

A

cardiac, respiratory paralysis

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40
Q
  • , <> gentian lutea
A
  • dz’s affected by bitter digestive stimulation

<> antagonistic effect with PPI
<> bitter: decrease drug absorption

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41
Q
  • , <> leptandra virginica
A
  • dzs common to bitter digestive stimulation

<> antagonistic effect with PPI, doxycylcine
<> reduces B vitamin absorption
<> antatgonizes podophyllum<> bitter: decrease drug absorption

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42
Q
  • , ! , <> eupatorium perfoliatum
A

contains unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids, see commonalities.

! nausea, hepato veno occlusive dz, hepatic failure, death

<> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs

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43
Q
  • , ! , <> eupatorium purpureum
A

contains unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids, see commonalities.

! nausea, hepato veno occlusive dz, hepatic failure, death

<> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs

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44
Q
  • , ! , <> gymnema sylvestre
A
  • GERD

! aggravates reflux

<> decrease insulin requirement, potentiate hypoglycemic drugs, potentiate atorvastatin

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45
Q
  • , ! aesculus hippocastanum
A
  • high doses

! nausea, unprocessed fruit toxic
! IM injection: hepatitis, renal failure

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46
Q
  • , ! lomatium dissectum
A
  • pregnancy
  • concurrent UV therapy

! whole body rash

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47
Q
  • achillea millefolium
A

dz’s affected by bitter digestive stimulationlarge doses, pregnancy

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48
Q
  • aconitum napellus
A

pregnancy
lactation
high doses

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49
Q
  • actea racemosa
A

1st trimester
lactation
estrogen dependent tumors

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50
Q
  • allium cepa / sativum
A

bleeding d/o
anticoagulant therapy
thyroid dz

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51
Q
  • aloe vera latex, rhamnus purshiana, Ricinus communis (internal), Rumex crispus
A 
> 10 day use
intestinal obstruction
unknown abdominal pain
bulimia
pregnant
lactating
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52
Q
  • althaea officinalis
A

wet cough

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53
Q
  • angelica sinesis
A

menorrhagia

bleeding diathesis

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54
Q
  • arnica montana
A

internal use

! gastroenteritis, headache, altered heart rate, HTN, dyspnea, cardiovascular collapse, coma, death

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55
Q
  • artemisia absinthum
A

dz’s affected by bitter digestive stimulation
large doses
pregnancy lactation

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56
Q
  • artemisia annua
A

pregnancy

lactation

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57
Q
  • artemisia vulgaris
A

dz’s affected by bitter digestive stimulation
pregnancy
lactation

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58
Q
  • articum lappa
A

pregnancy at high doses

dz’s affected by bitter digestive stimulation

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59
Q
  • aspidosperma quebracho
A 
dry cough
pregnancy
lactation
infants 
long term use
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60
Q
  • astragalus membranaceus
A

may exacerbate alzheimers disease and acute infections

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61
Q
  • atropa belladona
A 
long term use or high dose
BPH
urinary retention
prostate cancer
tachycardia
arrhytmia
closed angle glaucoma
acute pulmonary edema
GI stenosis
megacolon
pregnancy
lactation
children
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62
Q
  • baptisia tinctoria
A

long term use
high dose
pregnancy
lactation

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63
Q
  • berberis vulgaris
A 
dz's affected by bitter digestive stimulation
hyperbilirubinemia
kidney disease
acute hepatitis
cirrhosis
liver cancer
pregnancy 
lactation
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64
Q
  • bryonia alba
A

internal use
pregnancy
lactation

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65
Q
  • camellia sinensis
A 
children
beri beri
CVD 
kidney disease
duodenal ulcer
psychological d/o
pregnancy
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66
Q
  • capsella bursa-pastoris
A

major bleed

pregnancy

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67
Q
  • caulophylum thalictroides
A

early pregnancy

! 2 cases of fetal harm

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68
Q
  • chamaleirium luteum
A

early pregnancy

GI irritation

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69
Q
  • chelidonium majus
A

common cholagogue CI( biliary obstruction, hepatic failure, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, unconjugated hyper bilirubinemia)
pregnancy
lactation
children

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70
Q
  • chionanthus virginicus
A

common cholagogue CI( biliary obstruction, hepatic failure, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, unconjugated hyper bilirubinemia)

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71
Q
  • cineraria maritima
A

internal use
over broken skin
pregnancy
lactation

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72
Q
  • cinnamomum zelyanicum
A 
GERD
gastritis
biliary obstruction
acute cholelithiasis
high doses of essential oil during pregnancy
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73
Q
  • coleus forskohlii
A

PUD
pregnancy
lactation
children

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74
Q
  • commiphora mukul
A

IBD
pregnancy
lactation
coagulation D/O

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75
Q
  • commiphora myrrha
A

high doses in pregnancy

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76
Q
  • convallaria majalis
A 
hypokalemia
hypomagnesemia
hypocalcemia
hypercalcemia
ventricular arrhythmia
kidney failure
severe carditis
pregnancy
lactation
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77
Q
  • corydalis spp
A

pregnancy

lactation

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78
Q
  • curcuma longa
A

biliary obstruction
acute cholelithiasis
hyperchlorhydria
pregnancy

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79
Q
  • cynara scolymus
A

dz’s affected by bitter digestive stimulation

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80
Q
  • datura stramonium
A

same as atropa belladonna, hysocamus niger

BPH
urinary retention
prostate cancer
tachycardia
arrhytmia
closed angle glaucoma
acute 
pulmonary edema
GI stenosis
megacolon
pregnancy
lactation
children
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81
Q
  • digitalis purpurea
A 
hypokalemia
hypomagnesemia
hypocalcemia
hypercalcemia
ventricular arrhythmia
kidney failure
severe carditis
pregnancy
lactation
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82
Q
  • dioscorea villosa
A 
biliary obstruction
cholecystitis
biliary cancer
pancreatic cancer
hepatitis
cirrhoiss
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83
Q
  • eleutherococcus senticosus
A

long term use
acute infections
HTN

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84
Q
  • ephedra sinica
A 
HTN
hyperthyroidism
BPH
glaucoma
CAD
anorexia
pregnancy
lactation
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85
Q
  • equisteum arvense
A

HTN
hypokalemia
coagulation D/O

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86
Q
  • foeniculum vulgare
A

pregnancy
biliary obstruction
GERD

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87
Q
  • fucus vesiculosus
A

hyperthyroidism
pregnancylactation
long term consumption of iodine

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88
Q
  • ganoderma lucidum
A

mold sensitivity

organ transplant

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89
Q
  • gingko biloba
A

bleeding diathesis

hx of hemorrhagic stroke

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90
Q
  • harpagophytum procumbens
A

dz’s common to bitter digestive stimulation

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91
Q
  • humulus lupulus
A

dz’s common to bitter digestive stimulation

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92
Q
  • hydrastis canadensis
A

dz’s common to bitter digestive stimulation

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93
Q
  • hyoscyamus niger
A 
long term use or high dose
BPHurinary retention
prostate cancer
tachycardia
arrhytmia
closed angle glaucoma
acute pulmonary edema
GI stenosis
megacolon
pregnancy
lactation
children
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94
Q
  • hypericum perforatum
A

SI

high doses in pregnancy

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95
Q
  • iris versicolor
A 
GERD
PUD
gastritis
biliary obstruction
acute cholelithiasis
diarrhea
acute hepatitis
acute cholecystitis
pregnancy
lactation
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96
Q
  • juniperus communis
A

dz’s common to digestive bitter stimulation

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97
Q
  • larrea tridentata
A

liver dz
topically on broken skin
pregnancy
lactation

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98
Q
  • lobelia inflata
A 
cardiac hypertrophy
heart block
weak constitution
pregnancy
lactation
infants
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99
Q
  • lycopus virginicus
A 
infertility
pregnancy
lactation
children
euthyroid
hypothyroid
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100
Q
  • medicago sativa
A

high doses in pregnancy

lactation

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101
Q
  • melissa officinalis
A

GERD

hypothyroidism

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102
Q
  • mentha piperita
A 
hiatal hernia
GERD
G6PD
pregnancy
cholelithiasis
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103
Q
  • mitchella repens
A

early pregnancy

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104
Q
  • momordica charantia
A

pregnancy

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105
Q
  • olea europa
A

hyper active gut

large gall stones

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106
Q
  • panax ginseng
A 
HTN
pregnancy
mental health (anxiety / depression)
hemorrhage
psoriasis
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107
Q
  • passiflora incarnata
A

pregnancy

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108
Q
  • pausinystalia yohimbe
A 
schizophrenia
PTSD
panic attacks
CAD
angina
HTN
pregnancy
lactation
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109
Q

-, !, <> arctostaphylos uva ursi

A
  • pregnancy, use > 10 days

! nausea, chronic use may be carcinogenic
! OD: tinnitus, vomiting, delirium, convulsion, death

<> vitamin C + cranberry acidify urine

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110
Q

<> achillea millefolium

A

antagonist effect with PPI

bitter: decrease drug absorption

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111
Q

<> actea racemosa

A

HRT therapy leading to estrogen excess

decrease hot flushes with tamoxifen

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112
Q

<> allium cepa / sativum

A

potentiate warfarin

potentiate insulin and hypoglycemic drugs

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113
Q

allium cepa / sativum indications

A

atherosclerosis
hypercoagulative states
dyslipidemia

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114
Q

<> aloe vera gel

A

additive hypoglycemic effect with glyburide

polysac. effect: reduce absorption of drugs

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115
Q

<> aloe vera latex, rhamnus purshiana, Ricinus communis (internal), Rumex crispus

A

avoid hypokalemic drugs

  • diuretics
  • corticosteroids
  • cardiac glycosides
  • anti arrhytmics
  • pseudoephedrine
  • glycyrrhiza

reduce absorption of drugs due to increased transit time

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116
Q

<> althaea officinalis

A

polysac. effect: reduce absorption of drugs

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117
Q

<> angelica sinesis

A

potentiates warfarin

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118
Q

<> artemisia absinthum

A

antagonist effect with PPI

bitter: decreased drug absorption

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119
Q

artemisia absinthum indications

A

poor digestion, roundworms

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120
Q

artemisia annua indication

A

malaria

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121
Q

<> artemisia vulgaris

A

antagonistic with PPI
potentiate hypoglycemic drugs
BItter: decrease drug absorption

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122
Q

artemisia vulgaris indications

A

poor digestion
depressiona
menorrhea
optimize by combining with Iron

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123
Q

<> articum lappa

A

antagonist effect with PPI
additive hypoglycemic effect with insulin
bitter: decreased drug absorption

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124
Q

articum lappa actions

A

alterative, bitter, hepatoprotective

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125
Q

<> asclepias tuberosa

A

cardiac glycosides

  • digoxin
  • convallaria
  • digitalis
  • leonurus
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126
Q

aspidosperma quebracho indications

A

dyspnea

wet cough

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127
Q

<> astragalus membranaceus

A

potentiates acyclovir
potentiates IFN 1 and 2
antagonize corticosteroids
polysac.effect: decrease absorption of drugs

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128
Q

astragalus membranaceus indications

A 
depressed immune system
infection   
viral cardiomyopathy  
pharyngitis  
tonsillitis
cancer
male infertility
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129
Q

<> atropa belladona

A

potentiates anticholinergic drugs

  • atropine
  • bupropion
  • dextromethorphan
  • dicyclomine
  • diphenhydramine
  • tiotropium bromide
  • tolterodine
  • TCA (amitryptyline)
  • amantadine
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130
Q

avena sativa actions

A

generally safe

nervine, anxiolytic, hypolipidemic, nutritive

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131
Q

<> bacopa monierri

A

CYP450 induction

potentiate Ca blockers
Potentiate sedatives
potentiate barbituates
Potentiate benzodiazepines
potentiate opiates
potentiate trazodone
potentiate zolpidem
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132
Q

bacopa monierri indications

A

cognition
poor memory
anxiety

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133
Q

baptisia tinctoria indications

A 
upper respiratory infections
pharyngitis
tonsilitis
mastitis
delirium with fever
chronic fatigue
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134
Q

<> berberis aquifolium

A

antagonist effect with PPI
bitter: decrease drug absorption
may cause intestinal or vaginal dysbiosis

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135
Q

berberis aquifolium indications

A

poor digestion

chronic skin disease

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136
Q

<> berberis vulgaris

A

antagonistic effect on PPI
potentiates barbituates
bitter: decrease drug absorption

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137
Q

berberis vulgaris indications

A

poor digestion
chronic hepatitis
liver disease
gall stones

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138
Q

<> boswellia serrata

A

enhances NSAIDS

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139
Q

boswellia serrata indications

A 
inflammatory conditions  
asthma  
crohn's  
UC  
OA  
RA  
Chronic prostatitis
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140
Q

<> bryonia alba

A 
GI sxs
hypothermia
bronchial irritation
mydriasis
headache
tachycardia
paralysis
death
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141
Q

bryonia alba indications

A

used topically for pain
rheumatism
PUD

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142
Q

calendula officinalis actions

A

generally safe

vulnerary

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143
Q

camellia sinensis indications

A 
asthma
cancer prevention
infection
cavity prevention
weight loss
memory enhancement
stimulant
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144
Q

<> camellia sinesis

A

many interactions, high likelihood that it would not be indicated if pharmaceutical is being used
reduce iron absorption

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145
Q

<> cannabis sativum

A

potentiates opiates

potentiates barbituates

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146
Q

<> capsella bursa-pastoris

A

potentiate anticoagulants

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147
Q

capsella bursa-pastoris indications

A 
styptic
 mild menorrhagia  
metrorrhagia  
post partum 
hemorrhage  
hemorrhoids
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148
Q

<> capsicum frutescens

A

anticoagulants
inhibits CYP450
may aggravate cough from ACEi

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149
Q

capsicum frutesecens indications

A

internal:
* hypochlorhydria
* h pylori
* maldigestion
* dyspepsia
* biliary insufficiency
* atherosclerosis
* hypercoagulation
* capillary atony

external

  • diabetic neuropathy
  • pruritis
  • psoriasis
  • OA
  • RA
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150
Q

<> cassia spp

A

avoid hypokalemic drugs

  • diuretics
  • corticosteroids
  • cardiac glycosides
  • anti arrhytmics
  • pseudoephedrine
  • glycyrrhiza
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151
Q

cassia spp special time of use different from most cathartics

A

may be used while lactating

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152
Q

<> caulophylum thalictroides

A

interferes with angina treatment (nitroglycerin)

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153
Q

caulophylum thalictroides actions

A

“blue cohosh”

uterine tonic

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154
Q

<> ceanothus americanus

A

antagonize warfarin

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155
Q

ceanothus americanus actions

A

splenoprotective
hepatoprotective
lymphatic
alterative

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156
Q

centella asiatic indications

A

insomnia
dementia
poor memory
chronic venous insufficiency

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157
Q

<> chamaleirium luteum

A

may potentiate anticoagulants

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158
Q

Chamaleirium luteum actions

A

uterine tonic

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159
Q

Chelidonium majus actions / indications

A

alterative, bitter, cholagogue

topical:
* warts
* eczema
* corns

internal:
* prevent gallstones
* biliary insufficiency
* whooping cough

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160
Q

Chionanthus virginicus actions / indications

A

cholagogue, alterative, bitter

liver gallbladder dysfunction
jaundice
hepatomegaly
biliary insufficiency
gall stones
chronic skin conditions
constipation
dyspepsia
typhoid fever
malaria
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161
Q

cineraria maritima actions / indications

A

anti-cataract

topical applications for cataracts

162
Q

<> cinnamomum zelyanicum

A

essential oil may deplete glutathione

tannins may reduce drug absorption

163
Q

cinnamomum zelyanicum actions / indications

A

astringent, carminative

internal: hemorrhage, dyspepsia

164
Q

<> coleus forskohlii

A 
potentiates cardiac glycosides
potentiates warfarin
potentiates insulin and hypoglycemic drugs
potentiates antihistamines
potentiates levothyroxine

increases bleed with NSAIDs

antagonizes PPIs

165
Q

coleus forskohlii actions and indications

A

adenylate cyclase activator, vasodilator

asthma
dilated
cardiomyopathy
HTN

166
Q

<> commiphora mukul

A

induce CYP450

may decrease bioavailability of propranolol, diltiazem

167
Q

commiphora mukul actions / indications

A

hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory

hyperlipidemia
elevated LDL
inflammation
OA

168
Q

<> commiphora myrrha

A

potentiates insulin and hypoglycemic drugs

169
Q

commiphora myrrha actions / indcations

A

antimicrobial, antitussive

excess mucous
infections 
vaginitis
gastroenteritis
dypsepsia
infection
170
Q

<> convallaria majalis

A

avoid hypokalemic drugs

  • diuretics
  • corticosteroids
  • cardiac glycosides
  • anti arrhytmics
  • pseudoephedrine
  • glycyrrhiza

potentiates beta-blockers

171
Q

convallaria majalis indications

A

CHF
atrial arrhythmias
hypotension

172
Q

<> cordyceps sinensis

A

potentiates epinephrine

173
Q

cordyceps sinensis indications / actions

A

bronchodilator, anti cancer

acute infection
anemia
protects bone marrow

174
Q

<> corydalis spp

A

similar effect as Ca-channel blockers

175
Q

corydalis spp actions / indications

A

strong analgesic, sedative

pain management
protects against NSAID ulcers
angina
arrhytmias

176
Q

<> crataegus oxycantha

A

may cause HTN with beta-blocker

tannins: may reduce drug absorption

177
Q

cratageus oxycantha actions / indications

A 
cardiotonic
CHF
arrhytmias
cardiac weakness
capillary fragility
mild HTN
178
Q

<> curcuma longa

A

may potentiate warfarin

179
Q

curucma longa actions / indications

A

anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, cholagogue, hepatoprotective

cancer
OA
RA
inflammation
protection of NSAIDs induced ulcers
180
Q

<> cynara scolymus

A

antagonistic effect with PPI

bitter: decrease drug absorption

181
Q

cynara scolymus actions / indications

A

bitter, hypolipidemic

dyslipidemia
poor digestion

182
Q

<> datura stramonium

A

potentiates anticholinergic drugs

  • atropine
  • bupropion
  • dextromethorphan
  • dicyclomine
  • diphenhydramine
  • tiotropium bromide
  • tolterodine
  • TCA (amitryptyline)
  • amantadine
183
Q

datura stramonium actions / indications

A

spasmolytic (antimuscarinic)

acute asthma
smooth muscle spasm
whopping cough
pertussis

184
Q

digitalis purpura actions / indications

A

cardiac stimulant, + inotropic, negative chronotropic

CHF
atrial arrhytmias

185
Q

<> digitalis purpurea

A

avoid hypokalemic drugs

  • diuretics
  • corticosteroids
  • cardiac glycosides
  • anti arrhytmics
  • pseudoephedrine
  • glycyrrhiza

potentiates beta-blockers

186
Q

dioscorea villosa actions / indications

A

spasmolytic

dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, PMS, threatened miscarriage

187
Q

<> echinacea spp

A

antagonize immune suppression therapy

  • adalimumab
  • cyclosporine
  • corticosteroids
188
Q

echinacea spp actions / indications

A

immune stimulant

influenza
upper respiratory tract infection
pharyngitis
tonsillitis
skin infections
189
Q

<> eleutherococcus senticosus

A

antagonize immune suppression therapy

  • adalimumab
  • cyclosporine
  • corticosteroids
190
Q

eleutherococcus senticosus actions / indications

A

adaptogen

pharyngitis
tonsillitis
infection
cancer
chronic inflammation
hyppadrenocorticism
191
Q

<> ephedra sinica

A

potentiates sympathomimetics

  • albuterol
  • epinephrine
  • phelephrine
  • pseduoephedrine
  • salbutamol
  • caffeine
  • dextroamphetamine
  • methylphenidate
  • MAOi’s

antagonizes

  • alpha and beta blockers,
  • TCAs

increases clearance of desxamethasone

192
Q

ephedra sinica action / indications

A

adnergic agonist, bronchodilator

bronchitis
asthma
COPD
urinary incontinence

193
Q

<> equisteum arvense

A

avoid hypokalemic drugs

  • diuretics
  • corticosteroids
  • cardiac glycosides
  • anti arrhytmics
  • pseudoephedrine
  • glycyrrhiza

may antagonize warfarin

194
Q

equisteum arvense actions indications

A

aquaretic, astringent

urolithiasis, edema

195
Q

eschscholzia californica actions / indications

A

nervine, hypnotic, anodyne

nerve related pain
insomnia

196
Q

<> eschzscholzia californica

A

may potentiate MAOi, SSRIs

197
Q

eucalyptus globulus actions / indications

A

antimicrobial , counter irritant

internal: upper respiratory tract infection, pharyngitis, tonsillitis

198
Q

eupatorium perfoliatum actions / indications

A

diaphoretic

pain from cough, fever

199
Q

Eupatorium purpureum actions / indications

A

anti-lithic

urolithiasis

200
Q

euphrasia officinalis actions / indications

A

anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic

opthalmias, allergic rhinitis / conjunctivitis

201
Q

foeniculum vulgare actions / indicaitons

A

carminative, galactagogue, phytoestrogen

infant colic
insufficient lactation
hypo/hyper- estrogen states

202
Q

<> fucus vesiculosus

A

levothyroxine

may potentiate amiodarone, lithium

203
Q

Fucus vesiculosus indications

A 
hypothyroidsm
goiter
rheumatism
RA
obesity
204
Q

galium aparine actions /indications

A

aquaretic

nodular growths
lymphadenitis
lower UTI
urolithiasis

205
Q

<> ganoderma lucidum

A

antagonize immune suppression therapy

  • adalimumab
  • cyclosporine
  • corticosteroids

potentiates

  • barbituates
  • anticoagulants
  • atorvastatin
206
Q

ganoderma lucidum actions / indications

A

adaptogen

insomnia
allergies
bronchial 
asthma
liver disease
chronic immune deficiency
207
Q

<> gelsemium sempervirens

A

may potentiate aspirin

208
Q

gelsemium sempervirens actions /indciations

A

anodyne, parturifacient

ovarian cyst pain
induction of labour
insomnia
nervous unrest

209
Q

gentian lutea actions / indications

A

bitter, cholagogue

poor digestion

210
Q

geranium maculatum actions / indications

A

styptic, venotonic

hemorrhage
varicose veins
diarrhea

211
Q

<> geranium maculatum

A

tannins: may reduce drug absorption

212
Q

<> gingko biloba

A

potentiate anticoagulants

213
Q

gingko biloba actions / indicators

A

vasodilator

intermittant claudication
cerebrovascular insufficiency

214
Q

<> glycyrrhiza glabra

A

avoid hypokalemic drugs

  • diuretics
  • corticosteroids
  • cardiac glycosides
  • anti arrhytmics
  • pseudoephedrine
  • glycyrrhiza
215
Q

glycyrrhiza glabra actions / indications

A

adaptogen, phytoestrogen, hepatoprotective

viral infection
hormone balance
inflammation
hypoadrenocorticism
chronic fatigue syndrome
216
Q

grindelia robusta actions / indications

A

respiratory stimulant

asthmatic breathing
dry cough
upper respiratory tract infection
bronchitis

217
Q

gymnema sylvestre actions / indications

A

hypolipidemic, anti obesity

diabetes mellitus
hypercholesterolemia

218
Q

<> hamamelis virginia

A

tannins: reduce druve absorption

219
Q

hamamelis virginiana actions / indications

A

styptic, astringent

hemorrhage
varicose veins
chronic venous insufficiency
thrombophlebitis
DVT
enlarged cervix
220
Q

harpagophytm procumbens actions / indications

A

bitter, anti-rheumatic

poor digestion
OA
RA
rheumatism

221
Q

<> harpagophytum procumbens

A

antagonistic effect with PPI

222
Q

<> humulus lupulus

A

antagonistic effect with PPI

bitter: decreased drug absorption

223
Q

humulus lupus actions / indications

A

hypnotic, nervine, phytoestrogen, bitter

poor digestion
insomnia
estrogen imbalance
menopause

224
Q

hydrangea arborescens actions / indications

A

anti-lithiic, renal sedative

urolithiasis
prostatitis
BPH
dysuria
cystitis
urethritis
acute nephritis
acute pyelonephritis
225
Q

<> hydrastis canadensis

A 
antagonistic effect with PPI
potentiates hypoglycemic drugs
may potentiate barbituates
reduce vitamin B absorption
bitters: decrease drug absorption
226
Q

hydrastis canadensis actions / indications

A

bitter, “king of mucous membranes”

poor digestion
catarrh on mucus membranes

227
Q

<> hyoscyamus niger

A

potentiates anticholinergic drugs

  • atropine
  • bupropion
  • dextromethorphan
  • dicyclomine
  • diphenhydramine
  • tiotropium bromide
  • tolterodine
  • TCA (amitryptyline)
  • amantadine
228
Q

hyoscyamus niger action / indications

A

anti-muscarinic (spasmolytic)

smooth muscle spasm
delirium
schizophrenia
insomnia

229
Q

<> hypericum perforatum

A

may cause serontonin syndrome with SSRIs

CYP450 3A4 induction

antagonizes theophylline, cyclosporine, digoxin, warfarin

potentiates zidovudine

230
Q

hypericum perforatum actions / indications

A

antidepressant, anti inflammatory

depresssion
deep painful wounds

231
Q

inula helenium actions / indications

A

expectorant, demuclent, anti-tussive, antimicrobial

ashtma
COPD
cough
upper respiratory tract infection

232
Q

Iris versicolor

A

cholagogue, alterative
biliary insufficiency
mild hepatitis
thyroid

233
Q

Juglans nigras actions / indications

A

anti-parasitic, anti-helminthic

intestinal parasites and worms

234
Q

<> juniperus communis

A

antagonistic effect with PPI

bitters: decrease drug absorption

235
Q

juniperus communis actions / indications

A

bitter, antimicrobial, diuretic, counter irritant

internal: lower UTI, renal atonia, poor digestion

236
Q

<> larrea tridentata

A

caution with hepatotoxic drugs

inhibits CYP450

237
Q

larrea tridentata actions / indications

A

anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antineoplastic

topical: HSV
internal: cancer, infection

238
Q

leonurus cardiaca actions / indications

A

anti-arrhytmic, nervine

palpitations
PMS
hyperthyroidism

239
Q

leptandra virginica actions / indications

A

bitter, hepatotonic

poor diigestion
hepatitis
liver congestion
cholecystitis

240
Q

<> ligusticum lucidum

A

antagonize immune suppression therapy

  • adalimumab
  • cyclosporine
  • corticosteroids
241
Q

ligusticum lucidum actions / indication

A

adaptogen, hypolipidemic

hypercholesterolemia
adjunct to chemotherapy
heptatitis
HTN

242
Q

<> ligusticum porteri

A

may potentiate anticoagulants

243
Q

ligusticum porteri actions / indications

A

antimicrobial

upper and lower respiratory tract infection

244
Q

<> linum usitatissimum

A

inteferes with aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole)
inferferes with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride)

reduces drug absorption
reduces iron absorption

potentiates anticoagulants

245
Q

linum usitatissimum actions / indications

A

demulcent, laxative

constipation
urinary tract condition
hormone balance

246
Q

lobelia inflata actions / indications

A

stimulating expectorant

wet or spasmodic cough
asthma
respiratory tract infection

247
Q

lomatium dissectum actions / indications

A

antiviral, anti tussive

viral respiratory infection

248
Q

<> lycopus virginicus

A

may antagonize hypothyroid medications

249
Q

lycopus virginicus actions / indications

A

thyroid and gonadotropin suppressant

hyperthyroidism

250
Q

<> matricaria chamomilla

A

may potentiate

  • sedatives
  • antihistamines
  • barbituates
  • benzodiazepines
  • opiates
  • trazodone
  • zolpidem
251
Q

matricaria chamomilla actions / indications

A

anti-inflammatory, vulnerary, carminative

skin conditions (ulcer, wounds)
GI upset (colic, gastritis, IBD)
anxiety
252
Q

<> medicago sativa

A

may potentiate hypoglycemic drugs
may antagonize warfarin
may antagonize HRT
induces CYP450

253
Q

medicago sativa actions / indicaitons

A

phytoestrogen, hepatoprotective

hyper/hypo- estrogenism
endometriosis
infertility
menopause

254
Q

melaleuca alternifolia actions / indications

A

“tea tree”

antifungal

dermatophytosis

255
Q

melissa officinalis actions / indications

A

nervine, carminative

topical: HSV
internal: hyperthyroidism, anxiety, insomnia, dyspepsia, IBS, gas

256
Q

mentha piperita actions / indications

A

carminative, nervine, counter irritant

internal: colic, non ulcer dyspepsia, flatus, maldigestion, IBS, n/v

257
Q

mitchella repens actions / indications

A

uterine tonic

dysmennorrhea
infertility
leiomyoma
menorrhgia
threatened miscarriage
premature labor
258
Q

<> momordica charantia

A

may potentiate insulin and hypoglycemic drugs

259
Q

momordica charantia actions / indications

A

hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, digestive

diabetes mellitus
psoriasisskin eruptions
stomach ulcer
intestinal worms

260
Q

<> olea europa

A

may potentiate hypoglycemic drugs

261
Q

olea europa actions / indications

A

cardioprotective, hypotensive, cholagogue, vulnerary

HTN
hyperlipidemia
GI indications

262
Q

<> panax ginseng

A

antagonize immune suppression therapy

  • adalimumab
  • cyclosporine
  • corticosteroids

antagonize warfarin

may potentiate

  • caffeine
  • MAOi
  • morphine
  • insulin
  • hypoglycemic drugs
  • immune drugs (amoxicillin, zidovudine, 5-FU, flu vaccine, paclitaxel, tamoxifen, doxorubicin, methotrexate
263
Q

panax ginsing actions / indications

A

adaptogen, phytoestrogen, vulnerary, anti-tumor

cancer
infection
autoimmne disease
fatigue
stress
hyper / hypo estrogen states
264
Q

<> passiflora incarnata

A

may potentiate

  • MAOi
  • SSRI
  • sedatives
  • antihistamines
  • barbituates
  • benzodiazepines
  • opiates
  • trazodone
  • zolpidem
265
Q

passiflora incarnate actions / indications

A

hypnotic, anxiolytic, nervine, spasmolytic

insomnia
anxiety
spasms

266
Q

<> pausinystalia yohimbe

A

potentiates

  • alpha adrenergic blockers (carvedilol, risperidone, tamsulosin, trazodone)
  • TCA
  • MAOis
  • Sympathomimeics

antagonizes clonidine, atropine

267
Q

pausinystalia yohimbe actions / indications

A

aphrodisiac (alpha 2 adrenergic blocker), stimulant

impotence
ED
depression
narcolepsy

268
Q
  • phytolacca americana
A

pregnancy
long term use during lactation
high doses

269
Q

phytolacca americana actions / indications

A 
lymphatic, alterative, anti-rheumatic	
* lymphadenopathy	
* cysts	
* mastitis	
* OA, RA, myalgias
270
Q

! phytolacca americana

A 
GI irritation
respiratory paralysis
catharsis
arrhymtmia
death
271
Q

piper methysticum actions / indications

A

anxiolytic, nervine, anodyne, muscle relaxant

  • anxiety
  • interstitial cystitis
  • neuralgia
  • leprosy
  • gout
  • GI and urinary catarrh
272
Q
  • piper methysticum
A

lactation

long term use at high doses

273
Q

! piper methysticum

A 
hepatotoxic
addictive
skin issues (exfoliative dermatitis, ulcers)
vomiting 
unconsciousness
274
Q

<> piper methysticum

A

potentiates anti-psychotics

potentiates benzodiazepines

275
Q

piscidia erythrina actions / indications

A

anodyne, sedative, nervine, spasmolytic

myalgia
neuralgia
headaches
insomnia
pain
spasm
276
Q
  • piscidia erythrina
A

pregnancy

high doses

277
Q

! piscidia erythrina

A

N/V
respiratory depression
heart failure
death

278
Q

<> piscidia erythrina

A

may potentiate

  • sedatives
  • antihistamines
  • barbituates
  • benzodiazepines
  • opiates
  • trazodone
  • zolpidem
279
Q

plantago major actions / indications

A

demulcent, vulnerary, analgesic, immune modulator

topical

  • dermatitis
  • wounds
  • skin ulcers

Internal:

  • gastritis
  • PUD
  • lower UTI
  • infections: respiratory tract
280
Q
  • plantago
A

wet cough

281
Q

<> plantago

A

polysac. effect: decrease absorption of drugs

282
Q

podophyllum pelatum actions / indications

A

antineoplastic, cholagogue, cathartic

warts
cancer

283
Q
  • podophyllum pelatum
A

ingesting fresh root

dz’s commonly CI to cholagogue activity (gallstones intestinal obstruction)

topically over large area
pregnant
lactation

284
Q

! podophyllum pelatum

A

dangerous reactions both topically and internal…death

285
Q

prunus serotina actions / indications

A

relaxing expectorant

spasmodic cough
dry irritating cough
dyspnea

286
Q
  • prunus serotina
A

pregnancy

287
Q

! prunus serotina

A

contains cyanogenic glycosides

Cyanide OD: dyspnea, spasms, stupor, vocal cord paraylsis, coma, death

288
Q

prunus africanum actions / indications

A

prostatic tonic, 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory

BPH
chronic prostatitis
low prostatic secretions

289
Q
  • prunus africanum
A

pregnancy

lactation

290
Q

<> prunus africanum

A

may potentiate 5-alpha reductase inhibitors

  • finasteride
  • pygeum
  • serenoa
291
Q

pulsatilla vulgaris actions / indications

A

anodyne, sedative, nervine

pain (especially in female conditions)
insomnia
headache

292
Q
  • pulsatilla vulgaris
A

pregnancy

lactation

293
Q

! pulsatilla vulgaris

A

n/v
paralysis
neurological suppression

294
Q

quercus rubra actions / indications

A

astringent, styptic, antiseptic

topical weeping eczema, hemorrhoids

douche: leucorrhea, vaingal prolapse, post partum uterine bleeding
internal: diarrhea, IBD, ulcers

295
Q
  • quercus rubra
A

heart failure
large areas with skin damage
constipation
iron deficiency anemia

296
Q

<> quercus rubra

A

tannins: reduce drug absorption

297
Q

! quercus rubra

A

malabsorption with long term use

298
Q

rauwolfia serpentina actions / indications

A

systemic vasodilator, hypotensive, anti-arrhythmic, anti-psychotic

HTN
reynaud's
schizophrenia
insomnia
vasospasm
299
Q
  • rauwolfia serpentina
A 
depression
parkinson's
hyperprolactinemia
active PUD
UC
pregnancy
300
Q

! rauwolfia serpentina

A

severe catecholamine depleting (nightmares, hyperchlorhydria, peptic ulcer, bradycardia, depression, parkinsonism)

sodium retention
loose stool
edema
hypotension

301
Q

<> rauwolfia serptina

A

antagonizes

  • MAOi
  • TCA
  • digoxin
  • sympathomimetics (albuterol, salbutamol, epinephrine, phenyleprine, pseudoephedrine)

depletes catecholamines

  • NE
  • epinephrine
  • serontonin
  • dopamine
302
Q

rhodiola rosea actions / indications

A

adaptogen, antidepressant

stress
suppressed immune system
cancer
depression

303
Q
  • rhodiola rosea
A

pregnancy

lactation

304
Q

<> rhodiola rosea

A

inhibits CYP450

antagonize immune suppression therapy

  • adalimumab
  • cyclosporine
  • corticosteroids

may potentiate

  • MAOi
  • SSRI
  • sedatives
  • antihistamines
  • barbituates
  • benzodiazepines
  • opiates
  • trazodone
  • zolpidem
305
Q

ricinus communis topical actions / indications

A

anodyne, inflammation modulator, parturifacient

dysmennorrhea
ovarian cysts
PMS
colic
myalgia
labour stimulant
intestinal parasites
306
Q
  • ricinus communis topical
A

areas of broken skin

307
Q

rosmarinus officinalis actions / indications

A

circulatory stimulant, counter irritant, carminative

topical: myalgia, neuralgia, arthritis, alopecia
internal: cerebrovascular insufficiency, maldigestion, liver detox enhancement

308
Q
  • rosmarinus officinalis
A

pregnancy

epilepsy

309
Q

! rosmarinus officinalis

A

neurotoxic

death

310
Q

<> rosmarinus officinalis

A

may potentiate

  • doxorubicin
  • vinblastine
311
Q

rubus idaeus actions / indications

A

parturifacient, uterine tonic

preparation for labour diarrhea

312
Q
  • rubus idaeus
A

early pregnancy

313
Q

<> rubus idaeus

A

antagonizes warfarin
inhibits CYP450
tannins: reduce drug absorption

314
Q

Rumex crispus actions / indications

A

cholagogue, alterative

chronic skin conditions
acne

315
Q

salix alba actions / indications

A

anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anitpyretic, astringent

pain
interstitial cystitis
OA
RA
fever
myalgia
316
Q
  • salix alba
A

childhood viral exanthema
G6PD
lactation

317
Q

! salix alba

A

salicylism (nausea, vomiting, GI irritation, tinnitus, lethargy, dizziness, cerebral edema, seizures

318
Q

<> salix alba

A

may potentiate acetaminophen and NSAIDs, wafarin

319
Q

salvia officinalis actions / indications

A

antimicrobial, astringent, anti-secretory

topical: pharyngitis, tonsillitis, gingivitis, warts, peritonsillar abcess

menopausal hot flashes

320
Q
  • salvia officinalis
A

large doses
pregnancy
lactation

321
Q

! salvia officinalis

A

contains thujone: emmenagogue, abortifacient, convulsions

essential oil can cause death, neurotoxicity,

322
Q

sambucus nigra flower actions / indications

A

diaphoretic, inflammatin mod, anti-allergic, astringent

fever
allergic conjunctivitis
rhinitis
pharyngitis
tonsillitits
sinusitis
323
Q

sambucus nigra fruit actions / indications

A

antiviral, antioxidant, anti-catarrhal, anti-rheumatic

influenza
URTI
neuralgia
rheumatism

324
Q

sanguinaria canadensis actions / indications

A

eschariotic, stimulating expectorant, cholaguge, sialogogue

topically: cervical dysplasia, BCC, SCC, tinea pedis, warts,

325
Q

schizandra chinensis actions / indications

A

adaptogen, hepatoprotective

chronic hepatitis
liver damage fatigue
physical stress debility
depression
insomnia
withdrawal from benzodiazepines, opiates
acetaminophen hepatotoxicity
326
Q
  • schizandra chinensis
A

pregnancy

327
Q

<> schizandra chinensis

A

potentiates
*barbituates

inhibits CYP450

328
Q

scutellaria baicalensis actions / indications

A

antiinflammatory, antimicrobial

cancer
OA
RA

329
Q
  • scutellaria baicalensis
A

early pregnancy

330
Q

! scutellaria baicalensis

A

possible hepatotoxicity, sedation, hypotension

331
Q

<> scutellaria baicalensis

A

may potentiate

  • warfarin
  • sedatives
  • antihistamines
  • barbituates
  • benzodiazepines
  • opiates
  • trazodone
  • zolpidem
332
Q

scutellaria lateriflora actions / indicatinos

A

hypnotic, anxiolytic

insomnia
anxiety

333
Q

selenicereus grandiflorus actions / indications

A

anti-arrhythmic, diuretic

arrhythmias
palpitations
CHF

334
Q
  • , ! selenicereus grandiflorus
A
  • pregnancy, lactation, high doses

! nausea, vomiting, GI distress, heart failure

335
Q

serenoa repens actions / indications

A

prostatic tonic, 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, diuretic

BPH
hyperestrosteronism
impotence

336
Q
  • serenoa repens
A

use before surgery

337
Q

<> serenoa repens

A

may potentiate

  • warfarin
  • 5-alpha reductase inhibitors
338
Q

silybum marianum actions / indications

A

hepatoprotective, hepatorestorative

Hepatitis
cirrhosis
fatty liver
prevention of cholelithiasis
jaundice
psoriasis
339
Q
  • silybum marianum
A

pregnancy

340
Q

<> silybum marianum

A

potentiates
*doxorubucin

protects against

  • acetaminophen hepato/nephrotoxicity
  • cisplatin nephrotoxicity
  • cyclosporine pancreatic toxicity
  • methotrexate hepatotoxicity
341
Q

smilax actions / indications

A

alterative, anti-inflammatory

chronic dermatitis
OA
RA
gout

342
Q

<> Smilax

A

increased absorption of digitalis glycosides

343
Q
  • , ! smilax
A
  • , ! GERD
344
Q

solidago spp. actions / indications

A

anti-catarrhal, diuretic

topical wound healing

internal: upper respiratory tract infection, cystiotis, urethritis, dysuria

345
Q

Symphytum officinale actions / indication

A

demulcent, vulnerary

topical, wounds, ulcers

internal: inflammation of the lungs / GI tract

346
Q
  • , ! , <> symphytum officinale
A

contains unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids

ea, hepato veno occlusive dz, hepatic failure, death

<> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs

347
Q

tanacetum parthenium actions / indications

A

inflammation modulator, carminative

migraine headaches

348
Q
  • tanacetum parthenium
A

pregnancy

349
Q

<> tanacetum parthenium

A

antagonize morphine

potentiate warfarin

350
Q

tanacetum vulgare actions / indications

A

anti-parasitic, anti-helminthic

intestinal parasites, worms

351
Q
  • tanacetum vulgare
A

contains thujone
pregnancy
lactation

352
Q

! tanacetum vulgare

A

containes thujone

possible carcinogen

353
Q

taraxacum officinale leafe actions / indications

A

bitter, diuretic, choleretic

lower UTI
urolithiais
edema

354
Q

taraxacum officinale root actions / indications

A

bitter, hepatoprotective

Poor digestion

355
Q
  • taraxacum officinale
A

dz’s common to bitter digestive stimulation

356
Q

<> taraxacum officinale

A

antagonize PPI

may potentiates

  • lithium
  • hypoglycemic drugs

reduce B vitamin absorption

Bitter effect: decrease drug absorption

357
Q

theobroma cacao actions / indications

A

stimulant, vasodilator, smooth muscle relaxant

smooth muscle spasms
HTN
anxiety
cirrhosis

358
Q

<> theobroma cacao

A

reduce absorption of Iron

HTN crisis with use of MAOi

359
Q

thuja occindentalis actions / indications

A

immune modulator, diuretic

topical: warts, lecuorrhea, anal fissures, chancre, ulcers
interal: incontrinence, enuriesis, GU catarrh, bronchitis,

360
Q
  • , ! thuja occindentalis
A
  • pregnancy
  • lactation

contains thujone

361
Q

thymus vulgaris actions / indications

A

antimicrobial, counter irritant

internal: gastroenteritis, infections, asthma

362
Q

<> thymus vulgaris

A

potentiate warfarin

363
Q

tilea europa actions / indications

A

vasodilator, nervine, spasmolytic

topical: anxiety, HTN, dermatitis, pruritis
internal: restlessness, migraine, HTN

364
Q

<> tilea europa

A

decrease absorption of iron

365
Q

tribulus terrestris actions / indications

A

sex hormone enhancer, negative chronotropic

infertility
CAD
decreased libido

366
Q
  • tribulus terrestris
A 
GERD
cholestasis
BPH
pregnancy
lactation
367
Q

<> tribulus terrestris

A

may potentiate

  • cardiac glycosides
  • beta blockers
  • Ca channel blockers
368
Q

trifolium pratense actions / indications

A

phytoestrogen, nervine,

estrogen imbalance
menopause

369
Q

<> trifolium pratense

A

may potentiate warfarin

370
Q

tussilago farfara actions / indications

A

relaxing expectorant, anti-tussive

dry cough
inflammation of HEENT and respiratory tract

371
Q
  • , ! , <> tussilago farfara
A

contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids

! nausea, hepato veno occlusive dz, hepatic failure, death

<> synergist with hepatotoxic drugs

372
Q

ulmus rubra actions / indications

A

demulcent, astringent, anti-inflammatory

GI inflammation
lower UTI
sore throat

373
Q

<> ulmus rubra

A

polysac. effect: reduce absorption of drugs

374
Q

urtica dioica leaf actions / indications

A

leaf: diureteic, counter irrtant
seed: nephro-protective
root: prostatic tonic

leaf: OA, RA
leaf internal: lower UTI
seed intenral : chronic renal failure
root intenral: BPH

375
Q

usnea barbata actions / indications

A

antimicrobial

infection
RA

376
Q
  • usnea barbata
A

usneic acid is hepatotoxic when isolated and administered

377
Q

vaccinium myrtillus actions / indicaitons

A

ventotonic, antioxidant

chronic venous insufficency
diabetic retinopathy
diarrhea
constipation

378
Q

! vaccinium myrtillus

A

long term use may damage liver

379
Q

<> vaccinium myrtillus

A

may potentiate insulin / hypoglycemic drugs

tannins effect: may reduce absorption

380
Q

valeriana officinalis actions / indications

A

hypnotic, anxiolytic

insomnia
anxiety

381
Q

<> valeriana officinalis

A

may potentiate

  • sedatives
  • antihistamines
  • barbituates
  • benzodiazepines
  • opiates
  • trazodone
  • zolpidem
382
Q

veratrum album actions / indications

A

hypotensive, cholera

HTN
cholera

383
Q
  • veratrum album
A

do not prescribe, too toxic
pregancy
lactation

384
Q

verbascum thapsus

A

demulcent, anti-tussive

topical: acute otitis media, otitis externa
internal: cough, asthma, COPD

385
Q

verbena officinalis actions / indications

A

pituitary balancing, nervine, galactagogue, emmenagogue

anovulation, dysmenorrhea, hepatitis

386
Q

<> verbena officinalis

A

may antagonize warfarin

387
Q

viburnum opulus / prunifolium actions / indicaitons

A

spasmolytic, astrringent, emmenagoguge

dysmenorrhea
PMS
smooth muscl spasms
opiate withdrawal

388
Q

! viburnum opulus / prunifolium

A

contains salicin –> salicylate hypersenstivity

389
Q

vinca major actions / indications

A

hypotensive, circulatory stimulant

HTN
menorrhagia
metrorrhagia

390
Q
  • vinca major
A

pregnancy

lactation

391
Q

viscum album / flavescens actions / indications

A

hypotensive, anti-tumour, cerebral circulatory stimulant

subQ: HIV, AIDs, cancer
internal: HTN, headahce, vertigo, epilepsy, neuralgia, rheumatism, tachycardia

392
Q

<> viscum album / flavescens

A

may potentiate MAOIs

393
Q
  • viscum album / flavescens
A

pregnancy
lactation
migraines

394
Q

vitex agnus castus actions /indicaitons

A

pituitary balancing, uterine tonic

dysmenorrhea
PMS
hyper prolacteinemia
hypoestrogenism

395
Q
  • vitex agnus castus
A

pregnancy

impotence

396
Q

! vitex agnus castus

A

formication

397
Q

withania somniferi actions / indications

A

adaptogen,sedative, enhace cognition

chronic stress
nervous exhaustion
anxiety

398
Q

<> withania somniferi

A

potentiates

  • phenobarbital
  • epileptics

antagonize immune suppression therapy

  • adalimumab
  • cyclosporine
  • corticosteroids
399
Q
  • withania somniferi
A

pregnancy

autoimmune dz

400
Q

zingiber officinale actions /indications

A

digestive stimulant, carminative, anti-emetic, anti-inflammatory

maldigestion
motions sickness
inflmation
aspirin damage to mucosal surfaces

401
Q
  • zingiber officinale
A 
PUD
gastritis
hyperchlorhydria
bilary obstruciton
actue cholelithasis
diarrhea
raynaud's
402
Q

<> zingiber officinale

A

may potentiate warfarin

antagonize anacids

decrease drug absorption

0 botanical medicine (2 decks)

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