Common Words Don't Know Flashcards
ああ
Ah / Ah!
明るい （あかるい）
i-adjective
- light; well-lit; well-lighted
- bright (of a colour); brightly-coloured; brightly-colored
- cheerful; bright; spirited; sunny (e.g. disposition)
- encouraging (for the future of a project, etc.); promising; of fair prospects
- familiar (with); knowledgeable (about); well versed (in)as 〜に○
- fair (e.g. politics); clean; impartial
眩しい （まぶしい）
(i-adjective)
dazzling; radiant ? bright (very bright) ?
しかも （然も）
(Conjunction)
- moreover; furthermore (Usually written using kana alone)
- nevertheless; and yet (Usually written using kana alone)
土曜日 （どようび）
(Adverbial noun, Temporal noun)
Saturday
日曜日 （にちようび）
(Adverbial noun, Temporal noun)
Sunday
月曜日 （げつようび）
(Adverbial noun, Temporal noun)
Monday
火曜日 （かようび）
(Adverbial noun, Temporal noun)
Tuesday
水曜日 （すいようび）
(Adverbial noun, Temporal noun)
Wednesday
木曜日 （もくようび）
(Adverbial noun, Temporal noun)
Thursday
金曜日 （きんようび）
(Adverbial noun, Temporal noun)
Friday
週末 （しゅうまつ）
(Adverbial noun, Noun)
Weekend
土日 （どにち）
(Noun)
weekend; Saturday and Sunday
平日 （へいじつ）
(Adverbial noun, Noun)
1. weekday; ordinary days (i.e. non-holiday)
(Noun)
2. kanji radical 73 (Only applies to ひらび)
週日 （しゅうじつ）
(Noun)
Weekday
開く （あく）
(Godan verb with ku ending, intransitive verb)
1. to open (e.g. doors) (esp. this kanji)
2. to open (e.g. business, etc.) (esp. this kanji)
3. to be empty (esp. 空○)
4. to be vacant; to be available; to be free (esp. 空○)
5. to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.) (esp. 明○)
6. to have been opened (of one’s eyes, mouth, etc.) (esp. 明○)
7. to come to an end (esp. 明○)
(Godan verb with ku ending, Transitive verb)
8. to open (one’s eyes, mouth, etc.) (esp. 明○)
(Godan verb with ku ending, intransitive verb)
9. to have a hole; to form a gap; to have an interval (between events) (See also 穴が○)
悪 （あく）
(Noun)
evil; wickedness (Antonym: 善)
開ける （あける）
(ichidan verb, Transitive verb)
1. to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock (Only applies to this kanji)
2. to open (for business, etc.) (Only applies to this kanji)
3. to empty; to remove; to make space; to make room (esp. 空○)
4. to move out; to clear out (esp. 空○)
5. to be away from (e.g. one’s house); to leave (temporarily) (esp. 空○)
(ichidan verb, intransitive verb)
6. to dawn; to grow light (esp. 明○)
7. to end (of a period, season) (esp. 明○)
8. to begin (of the New Year) (esp. 明○)
9. to leave (one’s schedule) open; to make time (for) (esp. 明○)
10. to make (a hole); to open up (a hole)
上げる （あげる）
(ichidan verb, Transitive verb)
1. to raise; to elevate (See also 手を挙○)
2. to do up (one’s hair) (See also 髪を○)
3. to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to surface (a submarine, etc.)
4. to land (a boat)
5. to deep-fry (Only applies to 揚○)
6. to show someone (into a room)
7. to summon (for geishas, etc.) (Usually written using kana alone, Only applies to 揚○)
8. to send someone (away)
9. to enrol (one’s child in school); to enroll
10. to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to develop (talent, skill); to improve
11. to make (a loud sound); to raise (one’s voice) (See also 声を○)
12. to earn (something desirable)
13. to praise
14. to give (an example, etc.); to cite (usu. 挙○)
15. to summon up (all of one’s energy, etc.) (usu. 挙○)
16. to arrest (Only applies to 挙○)
17. to nominate (Only applies to 挙○)
18. to give (Polite (teineigo))
19. to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.)
20. to bear (a child)
21. to conduct (a ceremony, esp. a wedding) (usu. 挙○)
(ichidan verb, intransitive verb)
22. (of the tide) to come in
(ichidan verb, intransitive verb, Transitive verb)
23. to vomit
(Auxiliary verb, ichidan verb)
24. to do for (the sake of someone else) (Usually written using kana alone, Polite (teineigo), after the -te form of a verb)
25. to complete … (See also 作り○, after the -masu stem of a verb)
26. to humbly do … (Humble (kenjougo), See also 申し○, after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility)
明後日 （あさって）
(Adverbial noun, Temporal noun)
day after tomorrow
厚い （あつい）
(i-adjective)
- thick; deep; heavy (Only applies to this kanji)
- kind; cordial; hospitable; warm; faithful
- serious (of an illness) (Only applies to 篤い)
- abundant (Only applies to this kanji)
太い （ふとい）
(i-adjective)
- fat; thick
- deep (of a voice); thick; sonorous
- daring; shameless; brazen; audacious
濃厚 （のうこう）
(Na-adjective)
- rich (in flavor, color, smell, etc.); thick; dense; strong (Antonym: 淡泊)
- very likely; highly possible
- passionate; hot
浴びる （あびる）
(ichidan verb, Transitive verb)
- to dash over oneself (e.g. water); to take (e.g. shower); to bask in (e.g. the sun); to bathe in; to be flooded with (e.g. light); to be covered in
- to suffer (e.g. an attack); to draw (e.g. criticism, attention, praise); to have heaped upon; to be showered with
あまり （余り）
(Noun, No-adjective)
1. remainder; remnant; rest; balance; surplus; remains (of a meal); leftovers (Usually written using kana alone, Only applies to this kana)
(Adverb)
2. not very; not much (Usually written using kana alone, with neg. sentence)
3. too much; excessively; overly (Usually written using kana alone, See also ○に, See also の余○, の○, esp. as ○に(も))
(Na-adjective, No-adjective)
4. extreme; great; severe; tremendous; terrible
(Noun - used as a suffix)
5. more than; over (Only applies to this kana)
あまりに （余りに）
(Adverb)
too much; excessively; too (Usually written using kana alone)
あまりにも （余りにも）
(Adverb)
too much; excessive; too (Usually written using kana alone)
あれ （彼）
(Noun)
1. that (indicating something distant from both speaker and listener (in space, time or psychologically), or something understood without naming it directly) (Usually written using kana alone, See also 何○, See also 此○, See also 其○)
2. that person (used to refer to one’s equals or inferiors)
3. over there (Archaism)
4. down there (i.e. one’s genitals) (Colloquialism, Only applies to this kana)
5. period; menses (Colloquialism, Only applies to this kana)
6. hey (expression of surprise, suspicion, etc.); huh?; eh?Usually written using kana alone
(Noun)
7. that (something mentioned before which is distant psychologically or in terms of time) (Usually written using kana alone)
あれこれ （彼此）
(Adverb, Pronoun)
1. this and that; this or that; one thing or another; this way and that (Usually written using kana alone)
(Adverb)
2. around; about; round about; roughly; nearly; almost (Usually written using kana alone, Only applies to か○)
あれほど （あれ程）
(Adverb, No-adjective)
to that extent (Usually written using kana alone)
荒れる （あれる）
(ichidan verb, intransitive verb)
- to be stormy; to be rough
- to be ruined; to fall into ruin
- to be in a bad temper; to lose one’s temper
いくつ （幾つ）
(Adverb)
- how many? (Usually written using kana alone)
- how old?
いくつか （幾つか）
(No-adjective)
a) few; some; several (Usually written using kana alone
いくつも （幾つも）
(Adverb, No-adjective)
1. many; much; plenty (Usually written using kana alone)
(Adverb)
2. hardly (Usually written using kana alone, in neg. sentence)
幾月 （いくつき）
(Temporal noun)
how many months
いくつでも （幾つでも）
(Adverb)
- great many; ever so many (Usually written using kana alone)
- any number; as few or as many (as you like); whether large or small (Usually written using kana alone, preceding よい, 構わない, etc.)
いくつかの理由から （いくつかのりゆうから）
(Expression)
for whatever reason
いくら （幾ら）
(Adverb, Noun)
1. how much?; how many? (Usually written using kana alone)
(Adverb)
2. even; even if
医者 （いしゃ）
(Noun)
medical) doctor; physician (Sensitive, See also お○さん, お○さん is polite
一日 （いちにち）
(Noun)
- one day
- first day of the month (See also ついたち)
五日 （いつか）
(Noun) 1. the fifth day of the month 2. five days (Place) 3. Itsuka
いつか （何時か）
(Adverb)
1. sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course; in time (Usually written using kana alone)
いつかしら （何時かしら）
(Adverb)
1. before one knows; before one becomes aware of; unnoticed; unawares (Usually written using kana alone, See also ○の間にか, from ○知らぬ)
いつからか （何時からか）
(Expression, Adverb)
since some time or another; since who-knows-when (Usually written using kana alone)
いつかそのうち
(Expression)
one of these days; before very long; in the near future
いつかは （何時かは）
(Adverb)
1. sooner or later; in due time; in due course (Usually written using kana alone, See also ○, more emphatic version of ○)
五つ （いつつ）
(Numeric)
five
嫌 （いや）
(Na-adjective, Noun)
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; not likeable; reluctant
入口 （いりぐち）
(Noun, No-adjective)
entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth
入り口点 （いりぐちてん）
(Noun)
entry point
いる （居る）
(ichidan verb, intransitive verb)
1. to be (of animate objects); to exist (Usually written using kana alone, See also 在る)
2. to stay (Usually written using kana alone)
映画にい行くのといえ家に○のとどっちがいい。(Which would you rather do, go to the cinema or stay at home?)
(ichidan verb, Auxiliary verb)
3. verb indicating continuing action or state (i.e. to be ..ing, to have been ..ing) (Usually written using kana alone, after the -te form of a verb, the い is sometimes dropped)
いる （要る）
(Godan verb with ru ending, intransitive verb)
to be needed; to be wanted (Usually written using kana alone)
入る （いる）
(Godan verb with ru ending, intransitive verb)
1. to get in; to go in; to come in; to flow into; to set; to set in (See also ○ → はいる, See also 気に○, See also 立ち○, mainly used in fixed expressions and compound verbs)
入れる （いれる）
(ichidan verb, Transitive verb)
- to put in; to let in; to take in; to bring in; to insert; to set (a jewel, etc.); to ink in (e.g. a tattoo)
- to admit; to accept; to employ; to hire
- to accept; to comply; to grant; to adopt (a policy, etc.); to take (advice, etc.); to listen to; to pay attention to (esp. 容れる)
- to include
- to pay (one’s rent, etc.)
- to cast (a vote)
- to make (tea, coffee, etc.) (See also 淹れる)
- to turn on (a switch, etc.)
- to send (a fax); to call
淹れる （いれる）
(ichidan verb, Transitive verb) to make (tea, coffee, etc.); to brew a beverage (with hot water) (See also 入れる)
挿れる （いれる）
(ichidan verb, Transitive verb) to insert (usu. as part of sexual intercourse) (Colloquialism, from 挿入 and 入れる)
上 （うえ）
(Noun, No-adjective, Adverbial noun, Noun - used as a suffix)
1. above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter)
2. top; summit
3. surface; on
4. before; previous
5. superiority; one’s superior (i.e. one’s elder)
6. on top of that; besides; what’s more
7. upon (further inspection, etc.); based on (and occurring after)
8. matters concerning…; as concerns …
9. since (i.e. “for that reason”) (as …上は)
(Noun - used as a suffix)
10. suffix indicating higher social standing (Honorific or respectful (sonkeigo), See also 父上)
11. place of one’s superior (i.e. the throne) (Archaism)
12. emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo (Archaism)
13. noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman) (Archaism)
後ろ （うしろ）
(Noun, No-adjective)
back; behind; rear
後ろ向き （うしろむき）
(Na-adjective, No-adjective, Noun)
- back-facing; backwards (Antonym: 前○)
- backward-looking; retrogressive; reactionary; retrospective; negative (Antonym: 前○)
薄い （うすい）
(i-adjective)
- thin (in ref. to objects, not to people)
- pale; light; faint
- watery; thin; dilute
- weak (taste, etc.); little (affection, etc.) not much (of a presence)
- slim (probability, etc.); small
- sparse; patchy; scattered
雨水 （あまみず）
(Noun)
- rain water
- “rain water” solar term (approx. Feb 19) (See also 二十四節気)
うち （内）
(Noun, No-adjective)
1. inside; within
2. while (Usually written using kana alone, See also ない○に, also 裡)
3. among; amongst; between (Usually written using kana alone)
(Pronoun)
4. we; our (Usually written using kana alone, See also 家 / ○, in ref. to one’s in-group, e.g. company, etc.)
5. my spouse
(Noun)
6. imperial palace grounds (Archaism)
7. emperor (Archaism)
(Pronoun)
8. I; me (Kansai dialect, primarily used by women and children)
内 （ない）
(Suffix)
inside; within (Antonym: 外)
内容 （ないよう）
(Noun)
contents; content; substance; matter; detail; import
内臓 （ないぞう）
(Noun, No-adjective)
internal organs; intestines; viscera
内外 (ないがい）
(Noun)
inside and outside; domestic and foreign; approximately; interior and exterior
連絡 （れんらく）
(Suru verb, No-adjective)
1. to contact; to get in touch (See also ご連絡)
(Noun)
2. contacting; getting in touch; communication; call; message(See also ご連絡)
3. connection; coordination; junction
(No-adjective)
4. intercalary; intercalaris; internuncial
連絡先 （れんらくさき）
(Noun)
contact address
連絡を取る （れんらくをとる)
(Expression, Godan verb with ru ending)
to get in touch with
連絡が取れる （れんらくがとれる）
(Expression, Ichidan verb)
1. to (be able to) make contact; to (be able to) get in touch
連絡を取り合う （れんらくをとりあう）
(Expression, Godan verb with u ending)
to keep in contact (e.g. by phone, mail, etc.); to keep in touch
連絡がつく （れんらくがつく）
(Expression, Godan verb with ku ending)
to make contact
急いで （いそいで）
(Expression)
hurriedly; in haste; in a rush; quickly
急ぐ （いそぐ）
(Godan verb with gu ending, intransitive verb, Transitive verb)
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
