common medications and medical emergencies Flashcards
1
Q
Omeprazole, Lansoprazole.
A
- Proton pump inhibitors
- decreases acid secretion in the stomach
- acid reflux, indigestion, peptic ulcer
- palatal erosion patients
2
Q
Simvastatin, Atorvastatin
A
- Statins
- reduces serum cholesterol
- patients with CVD or likely to develop
- avoid with azole
3
Q
Salbutamol
A
- Beta 2 agonist
- relaxes smooth muscle and bronchodilatation
- asthma
4
Q
Citalopram, Fluoxetine
A
- SSRIs
- increases serotonin
- depression patients/ PTSD - improves mood, emotion and sleep
- caution can cause dry mouth
5
Q
Phenytoin, Carbamazepine
A
- sodium channel blockers
- seizures
- warnings: gingival hyperplasia
6
Q
Metformin
A
- anti-diabetic drugs
- decreases blood sugar level
- diabetes patients usually more likely to get perio
7
Q
Levothyroxine
A
- thyroid hormone - regulates metabolism
- thyroid is often autoimmune - Sjogren’s and Rheumatoid arthritis
8
Q
dual antiplatelet
A
be worried and refer
9
Q
what are common emergencies
A
- collapse
- fitting
- chest pain
- shortness of breath
- mental disturbances
- reaction to drugs or sedation
- bleeding
10
Q
what are reasons of sudden loss of consciousness and collapse
A
- simple faint
- diabetic collapse secondary to hypoglycaemia
- epileptic seizure
- anaphylaxis
- cardiac arrest
- stroke
- adrenal crisis
11
Q
what are minimal equipment for emergency use
A
- oxygen (face mask, bag valve mask ,other stuff)
- portable suction
- spacer device for inhalation of bronchodilators
- AED
- blood glucose measurement device
- syringes (2ml and 10ml) and needles
12
Q
what to check in diabetic patient
A
- have they had food
- provide a glucose drink before
13
Q
what to do in anaphylaxis
A
- adrenaline
- intramuscular 0.5ml of 1:1000 solution
- repeat after 5 mins if needed
- (collapse, rash or wheezing, 999)
14
Q
what to do in hypoglycaemia
A
- oral glucose solution
- glucagon injection 1mg intramuscular
15
Q
acute exacerbation of asthma
A
- salbutamol aerosol inhaler
- 100mcg/activation
- direct or 6 puffs into spacer
- (breathlessness, wheeze, no recovery 999)
