Common: GI/GU

Question 1

GU: Urinary tract infections can result from which common complication of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?

Answer 1

Urinary retention

Question 2

GU: Measures to prevent urinary tract infections

Answer 2

• Proper perineal care
• Cranberry juice
• Proper antibiotic/antimicrobial use

Question 3

GU: Pathophysiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 3

increased size of the prostate gland which disrupts the outflow of urine from the bladder through the urethra

Question 4

GU: Bleeding and clotting are common complications following a TURP. What intervention is used as treatment?

Answer 4

Continuous bladder irrigation using a 3-way catheter

Question 5

GI: Clinical manifestations of GERD

Answer 5

Pyrosis
Dyspepsia
Discomfort at night

Question 6

GI: Clinical manifestations of Crohn’s disease

Answer 6

Abdominal pain
Diarrhea
Fever
Weight loss

Question 7

GI: There are several goals for the treatment of irritable bowel disease. The primary goal is:

Answer 7

Rest the bowel

Question 8

GI: Priority intervention for peritonitis

Answer 8

Peritonitis can be life-threatening if treatment is delayed. Administering IV antibiotics should be the priority intervention.

Question 9

GI: The most common location to develop diverticula

Answer 9

Diverticula can develop anywhere in the GI tract, but they are most common in the left descending, sigmoid colon

Question 10

GI: Normal findings of a stoma following a newly placed colostomy

Answer 10

Stoma’s should appear pink and moist

Question 11

GI: Priority intervention for a patient with known or suspected appendicitis.

Answer 11

Pts with appendicitis often require surgical intervention, therefore, maintaining NPO status for the pt is the priority.

Question 12

GI: What is the rationale for people with IBD to continue with regular colonoscopies?

Answer 12

IBD is related to an increased risk for colorectal cancer

Question 13

GI: Describe McBurney’s Point

Answer 13

McBurney’s point is located midway between the anterior iliac crest and the umbilicus in the right lower quadrant. This is the classic area for localized tenderness during an appendicitis.

Question 14

GI: Describe the manifestation of jaundice during cholecystitis.

Answer 14

Cholecystitis results in obstructed biliary ducts, which prevents bile flow into the duodenum and bilirubin accumulates in the blood, causing jaundice.

Question 15

GI: The cause of cholesterol gallstones

Answer 15

a metabolic imbalance between cholesterol and bile salts

Question 16

GI: The biliary duct may become obstructed when the gall bladder is inflamed. What manifestation might you see with this complication?

Answer 16

Jaundice skin

Question 17

GU: In older adults experiencing a urinary tract infection, why should the nurse perform careful neurological assessment?

Answer 17

Confusion is a common finding with UTI’s in older adults. The nurse should be careful to identify changes in mental status

Question 18

GI: Describe the difference in manifestations between Upper and Lower GI bleeds

Answer 18

Upper GI bleed may have coffee-ground like emesis or drainage from an NG tube.

Lower GI bleed may have bright red blood (frank blood) in the stool

Question 19

GI: Describe the assessment priority for a patient with a GI bleed in terms of hemodynamics

Answer 19

Patient’s with a GI bleed may be losing blood and therefore are at risk for hypovolemia

Question 20

GI: Describe why a bowel obstruction presents a life threatening risk

Answer 20

A bowel obstruction can cause a rupture and peritonitis may result