Common Gait Deviations Flashcards

1
Q

Lateral trunk bending

A

Weak glute med (trandelenburg)

Or pain in hip

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2
Q

Backward trunk lean

Difficulty ascending stairs and ramps

A

Weak gluteus max

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3
Q

Forward trunk lean

A

Weak quads

Hip and knee flexion contractures

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4
Q

Excessive hip flexion

A

Weak hip extensors

Right hip or knee flexors

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5
Q

Limited hip extension

A

Tight or spastic hip flexors

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6
Q

Limited hip flexion

A

Weak hip flexors or tight extensors

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7
Q

Abnormal synergistic activity examples

A

Excessive hip adduction combined with hip and knee extension plantarflexion scissoring or adducted gait pattern

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8
Q

Antalgic gait

A

Painful limb results in an uneven gait pattern shortened step on uninvolved limb

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9
Q

Excessive knee flexion with difficulty going down stairs or ramp and forward trunk bending

A

Weak quads or knee flexion contracture

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10
Q

Knee hyper extension

A

Weak quads, plantar flexion contracture, extensor spasticity

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11
Q

Toe first

A

Weak dorsiflexors, spastic or tight plantarflexors
Shortened leg
Painful heel
Positive support reflex

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12
Q

Foot slap

A

Weak dorsiflexors or hypotonia

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13
Q

Foot flat

A

Weak dorsiflexors, limited ROM

Or babies do that

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14
Q

Excessive dorsiflexion with uncontrolled forward motion of tibia

A

“Calcaneus gait”

Weak plantarflexors

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15
Q

Excessive plantarflexion

A

“Equinus gait”

Spasticity or contracture of plantarflexors

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16
Q

Supination

A

Spastic invertors
Spasticity
Pes valgus
Genu valgum

17
Q

Toes claw

A

Spastic toe flexors

Hyper active plantar grasp reflex

18
Q

Inadequate push off

A

Weak plantar flexors, decreased ROM

Painful forefoot

19
Q

Insufficient foreword pelvic rotation in swing

A

Weak abdominals

Weak flexor muscles

20
Q

Insufficient hip and knee flexion in swing

A

Week hip and knee flexors

inability to lift the leg and move forward

21
Q

Circumduction

A

Weak hip and knee flexors

22
Q

Hip hiking

A

Weak hip and knee flexors

Extensor spasticity

23
Q

Excessive hip or knee flexion in swing

A

“Steppage gait”
Weak dorsiflexors
Leg is too long

24
Q

Abnormal synergistic activities during swing

A

Excessive hip and knee flexion with abduction

25
Q

Insufficient knee flexion

A

Extensor spasticity, pain/ decreased ROM

Weak hamstrings

26
Q

Excessive knee flexion

A

Flexor spasticity

Flexor withdrawal reflex

27
Q

Foot drop during swing

A

Weak or delayed contraction of the dorsiflexors or spastic plantarflexors

28
Q

Varus or inverted foot

A

Spastic invertors (anterior tibialis)
Weak peroneals
Abnormal synergistic pattern

29
Q

Equinovarus

A

Spasticity of posterior tibialis and or gastroc soleus

Developmental abnormality

30
Q

Coxalgic gait

A

Avascular necrosis of the hip