Common eye diseases Flashcards
How does Giant cell arteritis present? (aka temporal arteritis)
Diplopia
Temporal headache
Jaw claudication
Temporary vision loss (1 eye)
What causes diplopia in Giant cell arteritis?
CN VI palsy - lateral rectus muscle no longer functioning
What are complications of Giant cell arteritis?
Stroke
Must do bloods and check inflammatory markers
What does myopia mean?
Longer eyeball
Image focuses in front of retina
Person is short-sighted
What does hypermetropia mean?
Shorter eyeball
Image focuses behind retina
Person is long-sighted
What is dacryocystitis?
Infection of the lacrimal sac secondary to a blocked nasolacrimal duct
Where is the oil layer of tears formed?
Meibomian glands
Can become blocked causing blepharitis
What is amaurosis fugax?
Transient visual loss
Caused by lack of blood flow to the retina so is symptomatic of underlying vascular disease
What is orbital cellulitis?
Infection involving muscle and fat within the orbit
Most common in children
How does orbital cellulitis present?
Pain on eye movement
Proptosis
Eyelid swelling (w/ or w/out erythema)
How does Thyroid eye disease present?
Proptosis
Dry eyes is the main problem (caused by proptosis)
Diplopia
What two things must you measure to monitor / diagnose glaucoma?
Intra-ocular pressure and corneal thickness
Which eye shape is more at risk of retinal tears?
Myopic
Which eye shape is more at risk of acute angle closure?
Hypermetropic
What is amblyopia?
Poor vision in one eye resulting from poor retinal stimulation
Affected eye gets weaker and smaller aka lazy eye
