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PSA AM > Common drugs > Flashcards

Common drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the common side effects of ACEi?

A

Bradykinin cough

Hyeprkalaemia

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2
Q

When should ACEi be stopped pre op?

A

Withhold morning of

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3
Q

What is the indication for amiodarone?

A

Tachyarrythmias

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4
Q

What is the acute care dose of amiodarone?

A

300mg

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5
Q

What are the contraindications for amiodarone?

A

Severe hypotension
Heart block
Active thyroid disease

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6
Q

What are beta lactic antibiotics?

A

Penicillins

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7
Q

What combination antibiotics contain penicillin?

A

Co-amoxiclav

Tazocin

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8
Q

What are sulphonamide antibiotics?

A

Trimethoprim

Co-trimazole

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9
Q

What are the contraindications for tetracycline antibiotics?

A

Children

Pregnant, breastfeeding

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10
Q

What side effects should be noted in tetracyclines?

A

GI upset common

Photosensitivity

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11
Q

What are macrolide antibiotics?

A

Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin

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12
Q

What should be remembered about clarithromycin and erythromycin?

A

Interact with statins- stop statins when on

Erythromycin= enzyme inhibitor- be wary with warfarin

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13
Q

What is an amino glycoside antibiotic?

A

Gent

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14
Q

What are the important adverse effects of gent?

A

Oto and renal toxicity

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15
Q

What are the important adverse effects of vanc?

A

Nephrotoxicity

Thrombophlebitis

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16
Q

When should caution be used with vanc and gent?

A

Renal impairment

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17
Q

What antibiotics cause C diff?

A

Co-amoxiclav
Clindamycin
Cephalosporins
Ciprofloxacin

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18
Q

What are the common types of anticoagulant?

A

LMWH
Unfractioned heparin
Warfarin
DOAC

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19
Q

When should anticoagulants be stopped pre op?

A

7 days

5 days in warfarin

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20
Q

What are common firstline anti-emetics?

A

Cyclizine 50mg
Metoclopramide 10mg
Ondansetron 4mg

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21
Q

When is metoclopramide especially useful?

A

Heart failure

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22
Q

When is metoclopramide contraindicated?

A

Bowel obstruction

Parkinson’s

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23
Q

When is ondansetron useful?

A

Chemo

GA

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24
Q

When is ondansetron contraindicated?

A

Long QT

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25
Q

What are some common antiepeleptics?

A 
Valproate
Carbamazepine
Phenytoin 
Lamotrigine 
Levetiracetam
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26
Q

What must be remembers about many antiepeleptics?

A

Enzyme interactions
Indicer= carbamazepine, phenytoin
Inhibitor= valproate

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27
Q

What is the side effect of note in carbamazepine?

A

Agranulocytosis

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28
Q

What are contraindications to benzos?

A

REsp depression

Liver failure

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29
Q

What are contraindications for BB?

A

Asthma
Heart block
Rate limiting CCB

30
Q

Wha are types of rate limiting CCB?

A

CErapamil

Diltiazem

31
Q

What are contraindications for rate limiting CCB?

A 
BB
Heart failure (w reduced ejection fraction)
32
Q

What are vasodilating CCBs?

A

Amlodipine (5-10mg)

Felodipine, nifedipine

33
Q

What are common side effects od vasodilating CCBS?

A

Oedema

Headache

34
Q

When do steroids have to be tapered?

A

> 3 weeks

40mg for >7 days

35
Q

What is the most to least potent corticosteroid?

A

Dexamethasone
Prednisolone
Hydrocortisone

36
Q

What are common side effects of steroids?

A 
Hyperglycaemia
Cushing's syndrome 
Muscle wasting 
Osteoporosis
Peptic ulcers
Psych
37
Q

What are features of digoxin toxicity?

A

N&V, blurred vision

bradycardia- can be tachy

38
Q

What are contraindications for digoxin?

A

HEart block

Ventricular arrythmia

39
Q

What should be monitored with digoxin?

A

ECG
U&Es
Less commonly dig level

40
Q

What is important to remember with digoxin?

A

Can be digitoxic in normal range

Microgram dose

41
Q

What are types of diuretics?

A

Loop diuretics
K sparing
Thiazide type

42
Q

What are loop diuretics?

A

Firosemide

Bumetanide

43
Q

What are side effects of loop diuretics?

A

Hypokalaemia

Hyponatraemia

44
Q

What is a K sparing diuretic?

A

Spironolactone

45
Q

What are contraindications for K sparing diuretic?

A

ACEi
Renal impairment
Hyperkalaemia

46
Q

What should be remembered with K sparing diuretics?

A

Withhold morning of surgery

Can cause hyperkalaemia

47
Q

What are TTDs?

A

Bendroflumethiazide, indapamide

48
Q

What are side effects of TTDs?

A

Hypokalaemia

Hyponatraemia

49
Q

What are the side effects of metformin?

A

GI upset

Lactic acidosis

50
Q

What are the contraindications for metformin?

A

AKI
Severe renal impairment
48 hours before and after contrast

51
Q

What are the side effects of gliclazide?

A

Hypoglycaemia

Weight gain

52
Q

What are the contraindications for laxatives?

A

Obstruction

53
Q

What are the types of laxative?

A

Osmotic

Stimulant

54
Q

What is an osmotic laxative?

A

Lactulose

55
Q

What are stimulant laxatives?

A

Senna
Docusate
Glycerol suppositories

56
Q

What is the usual dose of lidocaine?

A

1% solution

200mg (3mg/kg)

57
Q

What is the max dose of lidocaine with adrenaline?

A

500mg (7mg/kg)

58
Q

What is the amount od adrenaline in lidocaine and adrenaline?

A

1:200,000 (5 micrograms/ml)

59
Q

What is the dose of naloxone?

A

400-1200micrograms

Small increments

60
Q

What are short and long acting nitrates?

A

GTN

Isosorbide mononitrate

61
Q

What is essential with nitrates?

A

Nitrate free period daily

62
Q

What are the side effects of nitrates?

A

Flushing

Hypotension

63
Q

What are the contraindications of nitrates?

A

Severe aortic stenosis

Hypotension

64
Q

What are the adverse effects of NSAIDs?

A

Renal impairment

Peptic ulcers

65
Q

What are the contraindications to NSAIDs?

A 
Heart failure
Renal failure 
CABG
Asthma 
Ulcers 
3rd trimester
66
Q

What are PPIs?

A

Omeprazole 10-20mg

Lansoprazole 15-30mg

67
Q

What is a risk with long term PPI use?

A

Osteoporosis

68
Q

What are the side effects f statins?

A

Myalgia

Rhabdomyolysis

69
Q

What drugs do statins interact with?

A

Clarithromycin, erythromycin
Clopidogrel
Amlodipine
Warfarin

70
Q

What are contraindications for statins?

A

Hepatic impairment

PSA AM (7 decks)

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