Common diseases, disorder their treatments and preventions Flashcards
Pathogenic organisms
- Bacteria
-Virus - Fungi
- Parasite
- protozoa
Types of Bacteria
- E-coli
-Salmonella - pneumonia
- anthrax
Types of virus
- foot and mouth
- Influenza
Types of Fungi
- Ring worm
- athletes foot
Mushroom
Types of protozoa
Candida
Types of Parasites
Endoparasites - Worms
Ectoparasites - ticks, fleas, mites and lice
Worms
Roundworm - round, white and grow up to 15cm long
Tape worm - flat, consists of a head with a body made of independent segments
Symptoms:
- Diarrhoea
- Anaemia
- loss of weight
- Pot belly
Fleas
They feed on the blood of the animal
Symptoms include:
- Skin irritations
- other allergic reactions
- blood infections
Prevention: Use sprays, tablets or powders
Ticks
Feed off each of the host’s blood
Symptoms are:
- itching and skin irritations
- loss of fur
- dull coat
Prevention / treatment:
sprays, powders
Mites
smaller than ticks, feed off dead skin live on the surface of the host’s body or they burrow into the skin.
Symptoms include:
- itching
- sore, dry skin
Use acaricides to kill them
Lice
Lice can only live on one species they sperate into biting and sucking
Symptoms:
- Ichiness
- Loss of fur
- bad skin condition
Treatment: SHampoos, powders, sparays
Methods of disease transmissions
- Airborne
- Injest
- Direct transmission
- Inhalation
Indirect transmission include:
Fomites: any non-living object that can contain and transmit diseases (towels)
Vectors: a living organism that transmits diseases
Immunity
all animals have immune systems of antibodies that help protect against diseases
Natural immunity
when they are immune to some diseases
Passive immunity
when an animal is given another animals antibodies which can fight off diseases. Happens when a mother feeds her offsprings
Active immunity
an animal may become infected by a pathogen and develop a diseasev, but their immune system will still try to fight it off by producing antibodies
Artifical immunity
Known as a vaccine. injecting a small amount of the pathogen can make sure the animal becomes immune to the disease
antibodies
Proteins that are produced in the blood in repsonce to pathogens detected.
Notifiable diseases
Means it is a legal requirment to report them to APHA
Zoonotic diseases
Are diseases that can transfer from animal to human
