Common Conditions Flashcards
DVT
ECG, troponin
ED
Endocarditis
ECG, CRP, ESR, Chest x-ray, Echo
ED, antibiotics
HTN
albumin, CMP, ECG, lipids, HgA1C
antihypertensives, low sodium
MI
ECG, troponin,
ED
pericarditis
ECG, CXR, needle aspiration, echocardiogram
ED, NSAIDs, steroids, colchicine,
PE
ECG, CBC, CMP, ferritin, CXR, echo, troponin
ED
Syncope
ECG, CMP, CBC, ferritin, stress test, tilt test
compression socks, increase water/Na, cardiologist, ID cause
Valve Disease
ECG, echo, CXR
antihypertensives, surgery, anticoagulants, cardiologist
Cushing’s disease
salivary cortisol, urine cortisol, fasting blood glucose
refer to endo, surgery, adrenal enzyme inhibitors, glucocorticoid antagonist, D2 agonists
DM 1
UA, serum glucose, hga1c
glucose monitor, metformin, insulin
DM 2
UA, fasting glucose, hgA1C, CMP
insulin, metformin, diet
Hyperthyroidism
TSH, T3/T4, autoantibodies, thyroid US
antithyroid drugs, radioiodine, surgery, refer to endo
Hypoglycemia
blood glucose
ED
Hypothyroidism
TSH, T3/T4, autoantibodies, thyroid US
T3/T4, levothyroxine
Hypopituitarism (Sheehan’s)
ACTH, cortisol, TSH, LH, FSH,
corticosteroids. levothyroxine, testosterone, estrogen, endo
Pre-diabetes
UA, serum glucose, hgA1C, insulin
diet
Acute gastroenteritis
CMP
hydration, antiemetics, antimotility agents
Acute intestinal obstruction
CT, US
ED
Appendicitis
CBC, US, CT, MRI
ED
Biliary obstruction
CBC with differential, US, X-ray, serum amylase and lipase
ED
Candida Albicans Overgrowth
KOH prep
antifungals
Colon Cancer
colonoscopy, CBC, FOBT, FIIT
oncology
Crohn’s
CBC, colonoscopy, barium enema
glucocorticoids, budesonide
Gastritis
endoscopy, H. pylori testing
PPI
GERD
pH monitoring, endoscopy
PPI, antacids
Hypochlorhydria
H. pylori testing
HCL supplements and enzymes
IBS
proctosigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy
diet
Pancreatic cancer
biopsy, US, CT
oncology
Pancreatitis
CBC, CMP, CRP, amylase, lipase, HgA1C, x-ray, CT
ED
B. hominis
stool culture
antibiotics
Pinworms
scotch tape test
anthelmintics
G. lambila
stool sample
antimicrobial, fluids
E. histolytica
Stool sample (PCR, stool microscopy, antigen testing)
antimicrobials
Peptic Ulcers
CBC, CMP, ferritin, H. pylori testing, endoscopy
antisecretory therapy, PPI
Ulcerative colitis
PCR for C. diff, stool culture, O&P, STI testing, CBC, CMP, ESR, CRP, albumin, colonoscopy
topical mesalamine, 5-ASA, steroids
Ankylosing spondylitis
x-ray, ESR, CRP, alk phos, synovial fluid, HLA B27
exercise, PT, NSAIDs, TNF inhibitors, IL-17 inhibitors
Giant cell arteritis
CBC, ESR, CRP, US, MRA
glucocorticoids, DMARDs, rheum
Lupus
CMP, ANA, ESR,
NSAIDs, glucocorticoids, antimalarial, rheum
Mixed Connective Tissue Disorder
CBC, CMP, UA. ANA, anti-U1 RNP
glucocorticoids, rheum
Psoriatic arthritis
CBC, CMP, uric acid, UA, ESR, CRP, RF, anti-CCP, ANA, HLA B27 arthrocentesis, x-ray
NSAIDs, DMARDS, TNF inhibitors, exercise, PT, rheum
Reactive arthritis
stool culture, NAAT, ESR, CRP, HLA B27, synovial fluid, xray
antibiotics, NSAIDs, glucocorticoids, rheum
RA
RF, CRP, ANA, anti-CCP, ESR
exercise, rheum, DMARDs, NSAIDs
Sjogren’s syndrome
Schirmer test, ocular surface staining, US, antibodies, biopsy
muscarinic agonist, glucocorticoids, antimalarial, DMARDs
Acute urolithiasis
CMP, UA, CT, US
hydration, NSAIDs, xanthine oxidase inhibitor,
BPH
UA, CMP, PSA, culture
surgery, alpha-adrenergic receptor blockers
Cystitis
UA, culture
antibiotics
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
CBC, stool culture, C. diff toxin assay,
ED
Acute kidney injury
CMP, UA
ED
Chronic Kidney disease
CMP, US, UA, eGFR
diuretics, nephrologist, dialysis
Prostate cancer
CMP, CBC, biopsy, UA, CT
referral to oncology
Pyelonephritis
UA, culture, urine dipstick
antibiotics
Allergic rhinitis
Workup and TX
skin test, serum allergy test, nasal cytology
antihistamines, nasal spray, glucocorticoids
Asthma
peak flow, spirometry, CXR
inhalers, oral steroids
Bronchitis
CBC, CMP, CXR, sputum culture
NSAIDs, fluids, rest, decongestants
Emphysema
Workup
CBC, CMP, spirometry, CXR, CT
surgery, stop smoking
Influenza
none
fluid, NSAIDs, rest
Lung cancer
CBC, CMP, albumin, biopsy
refer
Otitis media
tympanogram, pneumatic otoscopy
antibiotics
Pneumonia
CBC, CMP, CRP, ESR, CXR, blood gasses
antibitoics
Bacteria sinusitis
x-ray
antibiotics
Viral sinusitis
x-ray
saline irrigation, NSAIDs, steroids
Strep throat/Pharyngitis
throat culture, CBC, monospot, rapid strep test
antibiotics
URI
none
hydration, rest, NSAIDs, antihistamines, anticholinergics,
Vertigo (BPPV)
electronystagmography
epley
Alcoholic liver disease/cirrhosis
CMP, CBC, albumin, PT, INR, US, CT, liver biopsy
stop alcohol, hydration, glucocorticoid, refer
Cholecystitis
CBC, CMP, US
ED, NSAIDs
Cholelithiasis
CBC, CMP, pancreatic enzymes, US
NSAIDs, ED, gallstone breaking drugs, surgery
NAFLD
CMP, CBC with differential, US, hepatitis serology
exercise, Vit E, reduce alcohol, vaccination,
Cauda Equina
MRI, CT, nerve conduction studies, electromyography
ED
Fibromyalgia
CBC, ESR, CRP
exercise, antidepressants
Herniated Disk
MRI, nerve conduction study, CSF analysis
NSAIDs, active modification, PT, glucocorticoids
Lateral epicondylitis
US
reduce activity, bracing, NSAIDs, PT, ice
Osteoarthritis
none
exercise, NSAIDs, glucocorticoids, surgery
Osteoporosis
DEXA, CMP, Vit D, CBC
bisphosphates, calcium, Vit D, exercise, anabolic agents, parathyroid hormone replacement
Sciatica
MRI, CT, electrodiagnostic, CSF
NSAIDs, activity modification, PT, glucocorticoids,
Sprained ankle
x-ray
RICE, NSAIDs, bracing, splints, PT, surgery,
Sprained wrist
US, x-ray
RICE, NSAIDs, brace, splints, PT, surgery,
Tension headache
MRI
NSAIDs, acetaminophen, antiemetics, antidepressant, anticonvulsants
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
electrodiagnostic test, scalene muscle test injection, x-ray
PT, anesthetic agents, steroids, botulinum toxin, anticoagulation, catheter, surgery
Acute Onset Lyme Disease
serologic test, synovial fluid
antimicrobials
Condyloma acuminata
biopsy
antibiotics, cryotherapy, surgery, keratolytic agents, antimitotic drugs,
Hepatitis A
CMP, hepatitis serology
supportive therapy, hydration
Hepatitis B
serology testing, CMP
antivirals, hydration, NSAIDs,
Hepatitis C
serology testing, CMP
antivirals
HIV
serology testing, CBC
antivirals
HPV
pap test, biopsy, cytology
topical interferons, cytodestrutive, antivirals
HSV 1,2
virologic tests, Tzanck smear
antivirals, NSAIDs, sitz bath, diet
Meningitis
lumbar puncture, CBC with differential, CMP, PT, thrombin time, blood culture
ED
Scabies
skin scraping
antiparasitic, antihelminth
Lice (P. capitis, pubis, cilaris, carporis)
visualize lice
manual removal, topical pediculicides, pyrethroids, antiparasitic, anthelmintic
C, trachomatis
NAAT,
antibiotics
N. gonorrhea
NAAT
antibiotics
T. vaginalis
NAAT, wet prep, culture, rapid antigen,
antibiotics
TB
tuberculin skin test, IGRA blood test
antiruberculous drugs
ALS
electrodiagnostic study, MRI
glutamate inhibitors, free radical scavengers, histone deacetylase inhibitors
Alzheimer’s disease
CBC. CMP, B12, UA, ECG, CT, MRI, CXR, folate, syphilis serology, arterial blood gases, toxicology, lumbar puncture
cholinesterase inhibitors
Bell’s palsy
Lyme testing, MRI, CT, ESR, CRP, blood culture, lumbar puncture, parotid gland biopsy
glucocorticoids, antivirals, artificial tears, PT
Brain tumor
MRI, CT, lumbar puncture
refer to neurologist
Carpal tunnel syndrome
US, electrodiagnostic testing, MRI
splinting, glucocorticoid, surgery
CVA (stroke)
CT, MRI, ECG
ED
Migraines
none
NSAIDs, triptans
MS
MRI, CSF analysis, autoantibody testing, optical coherence tomography
monoclonal antibodies
Parkinson’s disease
MRI
dopaminergic therapy
Contact dermatitis
patch testing
avoid/ID trigger, corticosteroids
Atopic dermatitis
serum IgE, culture
avoid trigger, keep skin moisturized, topical corticosteroids
Seborrheic dermatitis
HIV testing
topical antifungals
Impetigo
bacterial culture
antibiotics
Psoriasis
ASO titer, strep culture, HIV testing, biopsy
corticosteroids, emollients, phototherapy,
Urticaria
serum IgE, allergy testing
antihistamines, glucocorticoids
Tinea
KOH, PCR testing
antifungals, corticosteroids