Common Compounds for the Function Group

Question 1

Alkanes

Answer 1

(Fuels)
Methane (main component of natural gas)
Propane (used as fuel for heating) 
Butane (propellant in aerosols)
Octane (component of gasoline)

Question 2

Alkenes

Answer 2

Ethylene (ethene – to make
polyethylene for sandwich bags)

Propylene (propene – to make polypropylene for milk jugs)

Question 3

Alkynes

Answer 3

Acetylene (welding and cutting)

Question 4

Aromatics

Answer 4

Benzene (used to make plastics)
Toluene (solvent in nail polish remover)
Styrene (styrofoam)
Naphthalene (moth balls)

Question 5

Alcohols

Answer 5

Methanol (drinking alcohol)
Ethanol (Solvent in antifreeze)
Isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol)

Question 6

Ketone

Answer 6

Acetone (Solvent for plastics)

Question 7

Aldehyde

Answer 7

Vanillin

Cinnamaldehyde

Question 8

Ester

Answer 8

Methyl salicyate (wintergreen) 
Benzyl acetate (strawberry) 
Butyl propanoate (pears) 
Ethyl pentanonate (apple)

Question 9

Carboxylic acid

Answer 9

Formic acid (methanoic acid – bee stings) 
Vinegar (ethanoic acid)
Salicylic acid (aspirin)

Question 10

Amine

Answer 10

Serotonin (carries signals between nerves)
Adrenaline (fight or flight response)
Histamine (produced my immune system)
Morphine (opioid pain medication)

Question 11

Alkenes

Answer 11

ethene – to make polyethylene for sandwich bags)

Propylene (propene – to make polypropylene for milk jugs)

Question 12

Amide

Answer 12

Amino Acid (building blocks of protein)
Nylon (fabric or yarn)