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General Practice > Common Cold > Flashcards

Common Cold Flashcards

1
Q

Hi Dr which age group typically gets acute otitis media

A

Children age 10 and under

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2
Q

Hi Dr is the middle ear infection only caused by bacteria

A

Now it can also be caused by viruses

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3
Q

Hi Dr if I was in examining a child what signs would indicate a middle ear infection

A

Fever and poor feeding

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4
Q

Hi Dr I’ve just examined a child with a middle ear infection and I’m trying to describe my findings with the correct medical terminology

A

Middle ear infection you typically see a red bulging eardrum

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5
Q

Hi Dr I have just finished examining child with the middle ear infection do I need to give them an antibiotic

A

Not generally it is enough to give paracetamol and ibuprofen in an alternating regimen

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6
Q

Hi Dr I have just finished examining a 1 month old child who has a middle ear infection can I give her antibiotics

A

Yes because she is under 3 months

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7
Q

Hi Dr I’ve just finished examining a one year old child who has an ear infection in both ears can I give him antibiotics

A

Yes as bilateral symptoms is an indication to give antibiotics

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8
Q

Hi Dr what is the worst complication a child with an ear infection may go on to have

A

Meningitis

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9
Q

Hi Dr which medications do we generally give to children under 5 who are suffering with the temperature

A

Paracetamol and ibuprofen on an alternating basis are generally enough

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10
Q

Hi Dr I have just finished examining a 3 week old child I just wanted to check was I correct in taking the temperature from the ear

A

No in a child under 4 weeks you should use an electric thermometer under the armpit

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11
Q

Hi Dr I have just finished examining a 1 month old child and the respiratory rate was 50 is this normal

A

Yes children under 2 months old have a maximum normal respiratory rate of 60 beats per minute

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12
Q

Hi Dr I have just finished examining an 11 month old child with a respiratory rate of 45 is this normal

A

Yep children between 2 months and 12 months should have a respiratory rate less than 50

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13
Q

Hi Dr I have just finished the examining a 6 month old child his heart rate is 150 isn’t this too high

A

Notes for children under 1 year old there heart rate is expected to be around this range

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14
Q

Hi Dr at what age would you expect a child to have a respiratory rate closer to an adult

A

From age 9 onwards

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15
Q

Hi Dr I have just finished examining a 18 year old girl who regularly swings and has been complaining of earache is this more likely to be an external ear problem or a middle ear problems

A

Swimmers are generally more prone to external ear problems specifically otitis externa

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16
Q

Hi Dr I’m treating in 18 year old girl for otitis externa and I can’t remember which preparation I need to give her can you tell me

A

Give an aminoglycoside antibiotic and corticosteroid for one week

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17
Q

Hi Dr I have just seen a 8 year old boy I believe has tonsillitis his mum has asked me how long I expect it to last for I can’t remember can you tell me

A

One week

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18
Q

Hi Dr I have just finished an examination of a 13 year old boy who I believe has the common cold I checked his temperature took his pulse and did an ENT examination do I need to do a lymph node examination

A

Yes

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19
Q

Hi Dr I read that typically you wouldn’t give antibiotics for a sore throat unless it was a specific type of infection can you tell me which infection

A

If the patient meets 3 of 4 Centor criteria for a group a beta hemolytic strep infection then you can give antibiotics

20
Q

Hi Dr I’m trying to remember all of the Centor criteria for group a beta haemolytic strep infection

I remember that tonsillar exudate, no cough and a history of fever were three of the four can you tell me what the last one was

A

Tender anterior cervical lymph nodes

21
Q

Hi Dr I remember that there was a better criteria list then centor can you tell me what it was called

A

Feverpain criteria

22
Q

Hi Dr I remember that one of the Centor criteria was the same as the feverpain criteria but I can’t remember which one can you tell me

A

No cough

23
Q

Ok doctor so from what I understand the senthil criteria has four points where has the feverpain criteria has five points are any of these points similar

A

Yes both criteria include no cough and exudate

24
Q

Hi Dr is there a way that I can more easily remember the feverpain criteria

A

But letters in pain give the criteria

For example a stands for attend rapidly

25
Q

Hi Dr what does the I in the feverpain criteria stand for

A

Inflamed tonsils

26
Q

Hi Dr what does a patient need to score on the feverpain criteria in order to get delayed antibiotics

A

Two out of three

27
Q

Hi Dr what does a patient need to score on the feverpain criteria in order to get immediate to antibiotics

A

Four out of five

28
Q

Hi Dr I have just seen a 10 year old child is number parts that she has had 6 previous episodes of tonsillitis this year do I need to refer urgently for a tonsillectomy

A

No you can consider referral but it wouldn’t be urgent

29
Q

Hi Dr I have just seen a patient who has been complaining of a temperature fatigue and headache

when I did an examination of the lymph nodes I noticed there was some lymphadenopathy
ENT examination showed some redness towards the back of the throat

I feel confident that this is a case of glandular fever but I can’t remember if I need to prescribe any medication

A

No it is a self limiting illness analgesia and fluids are adequate management

30
Q

Hi Dr I have just seen a 70 year old woman who is complaining of a really bad cough her past medical history she has type 2 diabetes and the history of congestive heart failure can I give her antibiotics immediately

A

Yes as she has met the criteria in terms of her past medical history and her age

31
Q

Hi Dr how long would you normally expect a case of bronchitis to last for

A

3 weeks

32
Q

Hi Dr it has come round to that time of year again when I’m seeing lots of patients complaining of fever headache aching limbs and general tiredness how many people need to have flu before it is considered an epidemic

A

1 in 500

33
Q

Hi Dr I was sitting in with the GP for a patient who presented with fever headache aching limbs and general tiredness the GP also asked if the patient has recently travelled anywhere why is this a relevant question to ask

A

To help exclude a diagnosis of malaria

34
Q

Hi Dr what type of virus is the influenza virus

A

Orthomyxovirus

35
Q

Hi Dr how many types of influenza virus can infect humans

A

Three types H1N1 H2N2 H3N2

36
Q

Hi Dr how many segments of RNA does the influenza orthomyxovirus contain

A

8 sections of RNA

37
Q

Hi Dr instead of paracetamol why don’t we just give all the patients who get flu oseltamivir (tamiflu) or zanamivir (relenza)

A

You should only give these medications during an epidemic or a pandemic

38
Q

Hi Dr how do oseltamivir and zanamivir work

A

They are neuraminidase inhibitors

39
Q

Hi Dr what is the catch to using oseltamivir and zanamivir in the case of influenza

A

You have to give it within the first day of illness

40
Q

Hi Dr which age group is the flu vaccine typically offered to

A

Everyone over age 65 and pregnant women

41
Q

Hi Dr I have just seen a patient who I was about to give a flu vaccine jab to but then he’s told me that he has an egg allergy is this going to be a problem

A

The flu vaccine is contraindicated in patients with an egg allergy

42
Q

Hi Dr I was doing some bedtime reading and discovered a neurological condition which means that these patients are contraindicated to getting a flu vaccine jab I can’t remember what the condition is called can you tell me

A

Guillain barre

43
Q

Hi Dr I have just seen a 3 year old girl whose mum says that she has had this ear infection for a week now and it doesn’t seem to be improving can I move on to give antibiotics

A

Yes as it has been longer than 4 days and the symptoms and improving

44
Q

Hi Dr if I do need to give a dose of tamiflu what does do I need to give

A

75 mg twice daily tablets

45
Q

Hi Dr if I do need to give a dose of Zanamivir what would it be

A

5mg twice daily inhaled

46
Q

Hi Dr a patient asked me if the influenza vaccine was a live vaccine what should I tell him

A

No it’s not

General Practice (8 decks)

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