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ID Exam 2 > Common Bacterial Infections Pt. 2 > Flashcards

Common Bacterial Infections Pt. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Example of penicillin resistance

A

Inactivation via β- lactamase
Modified PBP targets
Impaired penetration
Antibiotic efflux

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2
Q

infections obtained or associated with hospitals and healthcare delivery are called

A

Nosocomial Infections

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3
Q

Gram-positive cocci - staphylococcus

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus saprophyticus

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4
Q

MRSA is a particularly problematic strain of what organism

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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5
Q

Which Gram-positive cocci - Streptococcus organisms cause strep?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes: Group A strep
Streptococcus agalactiae: group B strep

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6
Q

Streptococcal species can be classified by how they hemolyze RBCs on blood agar including

A

● Beta-hemolytic- Complete, forming a clear zone
around the colonies on the agar plate
● Alpha-hemolytic- Partial, forms a green zone around colonies
● Gamma-hemolytic- Non-hemolytic

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7
Q

Streptococcus Viridans causes what well known illness

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae: Community-acquired pneumonia

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8
Q

Anthrax is caused by what organism

A

Bacillus anthracis
Gram-positive rods

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9
Q

Clostridium botulinum is a _____ and causes _____

A

Gram-positive rods; Botulism

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10
Q

Organism causing Tetanus

A

Clostridium tetani

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11
Q

Gas Gangrene and Necrotizing fasciitis are caused by what organism?

A

Clostridium perfringens - Gram positive rod

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12
Q

______ is the causative agent of diptheria

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Gram positive rod

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13
Q

Gram-negative cocci organism that causes meningitis

A

Neisseria meningitidis

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14
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is classified as ____

A

Gram-negative cocci

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15
Q

Escherichia coli is a type of ______

A

Gram-negative rods

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16
Q

Typhoid fever, Septicemia and Enterocolitis are of clinical importance with what Gram negative rod species

A

Salmanella species

17
Q

Enterocolitis can be caused multiple Gram negative rods including ____

A

Shigella
Salmonella species
Campylobacter Jejuni

18
Q

Vibrio cholerae is a type of _____

A

Gram negative rod

19
Q

“rice water diarrhea” is commonly seen with

A

Cholera - Vibrio Cholerae

20
Q

● Gastritis
● Peptic Ulcer Disease
● Gastric carcinoma
● Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma

These are commonly seen with which organism

A

Helicobacter pylori

21
Q

Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative rod causing these respiratory conditions

A

● Meningitis in children
● Epiglottitis (not the only one that causes this)
● Otitis media
● Sinusitis
● Conjunctivitis
● Sepsis
● Pneumonia

22
Q

Whooping cough is caused by this organism

A

Bordetella pertussis

23
Q

Tuberculosis like illness can occur in immunocomprimised patients (AIDS) via this organism

A

Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex

24
Q

Lyme disease is often caused by this organism

A

Borrelia burgdorferi - Spirochetes

25
Q

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is a tick-borne disease caused by ______

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

26
Q

What are lancefield groupings?

A

Lancefield grouping is a serological method for classifying streptococci into one of 20 groups (designated by a letter) based on the presence of polysaccharide and teichoic acid antigens in the bacterial cell wall (Lancefield 1933)

27
Q

Lancefield group A causes what type of diseases

A

Strep Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, wound and skin infections, septicemia, scarlet fever, pneumonia, rheumatic fever, Impetigo, cellulitis glomerulonephritis, endocarditis (rare)

28
Q

Which lancefield group would we screen for during pregnancy?

A

Group B - intestinal/vaginal

29
Q

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) is caused by what organism?

A

Staph Aureus

30
Q

Why you should not allow children under 1 yo to consume honey.

A

It can cause botulism in infants (clostridium botulinum)

ID Exam 2 (6 decks)

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