Common Bacterial Infections 2

Question 1

Clostridium Species

Answer 1

opportunistic pathogens. responsible for some of the deadliest diseases including gas gangrene, tetanus and botulism. Less life-threatening diseases include pseudomembranous colitis (c. difficile) and food poisoning.

Question 2

C. tetani Resistance

Answer 2

tolerate boiling for 60 min.alive several ten years in soil.

Question 3

Tetanus Clinical Manifestations

Answer 3

cramping and twitching of muscles around a wound.
no fever but sweats profusely
pain in neck and jaw muscles (trismus).
opisthotonos (head and heels touch)

Question 4

C. perfringens

Answer 4

soil, fecal contamination
gas gangrene
wound contamination

Question 5

C. botulinum

Answer 5

Anaerobic
Gram-positive
rod-shaped
sporeformer
produces a protein neurotoxic.
soil, sediments of lakes, ponds, decaying vegetation.
intestinal tracts of birds, mammals and fish.

Question 6

C. botulinum Transmission

Answer 6

---spores heat resistant. 
    canning.
    anaerobic environment 
---Botulism
    eating uncooked foods
    spores
---GI, duodenum, blood stream, neuromuscular synapses.

Question 7

C. difficile

Answer 7

After antibiotic use (esp. Clindomycin)
Intestinal normal flora --greatly decreased
Colonization occurs 
Enterotoxin secreted  
Pseudomembanous colitis 
Tx. with Vancomycin

Question 8

Bacteroides fragilis

Answer 8

Major disease causing strict anaerobic after abdominal surgery

Question 9

Lyme Disease

Answer 9

The most common tick-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. Early symptoms may include fever, headache, and fatigue.

Rash occurs in 70-80% of infected persons but may or may not appear as the “bull’s eye”

Untreated sx of joints, hearts and central nervous system.