Common Adverse Drug Reactions Flashcards
State the main adverse effects of gentamicin and vancomycin
Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
State the main adverse effects of ACE inhibitors, e.g. lisinopril
Hypotension, electrolyte abnormalities e.g. hyperkalaemia, AKI, dry cough
State the main adverse effects of beta blockers
Hypotension, bradycardia, wheeze in asthmatics, worsening of acute heart failure
State the main adverse effects of calcium channel blockers, e.g. diltiazem
Hypotension, bradycardia, peripheral oedema, flushing
State the main adverse effects of diuretics
Hypotension, electrolyte abnormalities, AKI
State the main adverse effects of heparins
Haemorrhage (risk increased in renal failure and weight <50kg), heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia
State the main adverse effects of aspirin
Haemorrhage, peptic ulcers, gastritis, tinnitus in large doses
State the main adverse effects of digoxin
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, blurred vision, confusion, drowsiness, xanthopsia (disturbed yellow-green perception including visual halos)
State the main adverse effects of amiodarone
Interstitial lung disease, thyroid disease (both hyper and hypo), skin greying, corneal deposits
State the main adverse effects of haloperidol
Dyskinesias, acute dystonic reactions, drowsiness
State the main adverse effect of clozapine
Agranulocytosis
State the main adverse effects of corticosteroids
Stomach ulcers, thin skin, oedema, heart failure, osteoporosis, infection, hyperglycaemia, Cushing’s syndrome
State the specific adverse effects of fludrocortisone
Hypertension, sodium and water retention
State the main adverse effects of ibuprofen
Renal failure, heart failure, wheeze in asthma, indigestion, peptic ulcers, dyscrasias (abnormal clotting)
State the main adverse effects of statins
Myalgias (risk greatest with simvastatin), abdominal pain, transaminitis, rhabdomyolysis
Which class of drugs can cause a hypertensive crisis?
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, e.g. selegiline
Which common drug can cause lactic acidosis?
Metformin
Name 3 classes of drugs which can cause sedation
Barbiturates, opioids, benzodiazepines
Which common class of drug reduces awareness of hypoglycaemia?
Beta blockers
Which atypical antipsychotic has the best side effect profile?
Aripiprazole
State the main side effects of olanzapine
Dyslipidaemia, weight gain, hyperprolactinaemia, T2DM, sedation
State the main side effects of quetiapine
Weight gain, dyslipidaemia, hyperprolactinaemia, postural hypotension
State the main side effects of risperidone
Extrapyramidal side effects, weight gain, hyperprolactinaemia, sexual dysfunction, postural hypotension
Which antibiotics cause cholestasis?
Co-amoxiclav, flucloxacillin
