Commodities: Fruits and vegetables Flashcards
What does organic mean?
Produced without the use of artificial chemicals
What three categories of vegetables grow in the soil?
Roots
Tubers
Bulbs
What are the five categories of vegetables that grow above the ground?
Leaves Flowerheads Stems Fungi Seeds and pods
What category of vegetables grow in water?
Sea vegetables
Give examples of root vegetables
Beetroot Carrots Celeriac Parsnips Radishes Swede Turnips Cassava Galangal
Give examples of tuber vegetables
Potatoes
Sweet potatoes
Jerusalem artichokes
Give examples of bulb vegetables
Onions Leeks Shallots Garlic Fennel
Give examples of flowerhead vegetables
Broccoli Cauliflower Brassica Brussels sprouts Cabbage Kale Chinese cabbage Pak choi
Give examples of sea vegetables
Kelp
Nori
Samphire
Agar agar
Give example of stem vegetables
Asparagus Celery Rhubarb Chicory Globe artichokes Kohlrabi Sea kale
Give examples of fungi vegetables
Mushrooms
Truffles
Give examples of seed and pod vegetables
Beans Peas Lentils Runner beans Bean sprouts Okra Sweetcorn Sugar snap peas Mange tout
Give examples of leaf vegetables
Cabbage Brussels sprouts Lettuce Spinach Watercress Pak choi Kale
What are the six categories of fruits?
Stoned Citrus Hard Nuts Berries Tropical
Give examples of stoned fruits
Apricots Cherries Damsons Greengages Nectarines Peaches Plums
Give examples of citrus fruits
Clementines Grapefruit Kumquats Lemons Limes Mandarins Pomelo Oranges Tangerines
Give examples of hard fruits
Apples
Pears
Quince
Give examples of nuts
Brazil Cashew Peanut Almond Walnut Hazelnut Pecan Pistachio Macadamia
Give examples of berry fruit
Blackberries Blueberries Cranberries Gooseberries Raspberries Strawberries
Give examples of tropical fruits
Avocado Watermelon Guava Dragonfruit Lychee Mango Paddionfruit Coconut
How many portions of fruits and vegetables should we eat each day?
5
How many grams of fruits and vegetables counts as a portion?
80g
How many milliliters of fruit or vegetable juice count as a portion?
150ml
How many grams of dried fruit count as a portion?
25g
What macronutrients do fruits and vegetables contain?
Starchy carbohydrates
Sugars
Fibre
What micronutrients do fruit and vegetables contain?
Vitamin A B vitamins Vitamin C Vitamin E Vitamin K Calcium Iron
What causes some vegetables to be green?
Chlorophyll
What causes some fruits and vegetables to be orange/yellow?
Carotenoids
What causes some fruits and vegetables to be purple?
Antocyanins
Where should vegetables be stored?
A dark, cool place
How should unripe fruits be stored?
At room temperature
Where should ripe fruits be stored?
In the fridge
What key term describes fine shreds of lettuce?
Chiffonade
Why should potatoes be pricked or scored before baking?
To let steam out and stop the skin splitting
What methods of preservation can be used for fruits and vegetables?
Jam making Pickling Bottling Canning Freezing Drying
What is a mirepoix?
A mixture of sauteed chopped vegetables
