Comminicable Diseases

Question 1

D. Health?

Answer 1

The state of physical and mental well-being.

Question 2

D. Communicable diseases?

Answer 2

Caused by pathogens such as bacteria and viruses that can be passed from one person to another.

Question 3

D. Non communicable diseases?

Answer 3

Cannot be transmitted from one person to another.

Question 4

Factors that effect health?

Answer 4

Diet, stress and life situations.

Question 5

What are communicable diseases caused by?

Answer 5

Pathogens

Question 6

Examples of pathogens?

Answer 6

Viruses, fungi and Protists

Question 7

How are pathogens spread?

Answer 7

Direct contact, air and water

Question 8

Difference between viruses and bacteria?

Answer 8

Viruses are smaller and have regular shapes.

Question 9

How do bacteria make you feel Ill?

Answer 9

They produce toxins

Question 10

What temperature should cultures be incubated in schools? Why?

Answer 10

25 degrees, to reduce the likelihood of pathogens growing that might be harmful to humans.

Question 11

D. Disinfectant?

Answer 11

Chemicals used to kill bacteria in the environment.

Question 12

D. Antiseptic?

Answer 12

Disinfectant that is safe to use of human skin.

Question 13

D. Antibiotics?

Answer 13

Chemicals that can be used inside the body to kill bacteria/prevent bacterial growth

Question 14

How do you present the spread of communicable diseases?

Answer 14

Hand washing, disinfectants, isolating infected individuals, destroying/controlling vectors and vaccines.

Question 15

Effects of HIV?

Answer 15

• At first only flu-like symptoms
• HIV attacks the immune system and remains in the body, until the immune system is so badly damaged it can’t cope with infections - AIDS

Question 16

Cause of measles?

Answer 16

Inhalation of droplets from coughs/sneezes

Question 17

Symptoms of measles?

Answer 17

Fever and red skin rash

Question 18

Effects of measles?

Answer 18

Blindness and brain damage and death.

Question 19

How to tobacco mosaic virus spread?

Answer 19

Contact and vectors

Question 20

Effects of TMV?

Answer 20

Damages leaves and reduces photosynthesis.

Question 21

How do antibiotics cure bacterial infections?

Answer 21

Kill bacteria/stop growth

Question 22

How is rose black spot spread?

Answer 22

Wind and water

Question 23

Effects of rose black spot?

Answer 23

Damaging leaves so they drop off = photosynthesis reduced.

Question 24

Defences in the body against entry of pathogens?

Answer 24

• Skin (barrier and antimicrobial)
• Nasal hairs and mucus
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Stomach

Question 25

How do white blood cells defend you against pathogens?

Answer 25

Ingesting and making antibodies and antitoxins.

Question 26

How do antitoxins work?

Answer 26

They counteract the toxins.

Question 27

How to reduce spread of rose black spot? (2)

Answer 27

• use fungicide

- remove/burn infected leaves

Question 28

how was the spread of salmonella reduce? (3)

Answer 28

• poultry stored/cooked properly
• vaccinate poultry against salmonella
• raw and cooked foods stored separately

Question 29

How does the falling of hail make rose black spot spread?

Answer 29

Break open the leaves making it easier for spores/fungus to enter

Question 30

Plant défenses?

Answer 30

• Cellulose cell wall
• Tough waxy cuticle
• Layers of dead cells around stem