Command & Control/ Emergency Management Flashcards
Policy statement & principals:
What 5 aspects make up command and control policy?
Leadership Coordination Effective decision making Behaving lawfully/ethically With a victim focused mindset
Policy statement & principals:
What 5 aspects make up command and control policy?
Leadership Coordination Effective decision making Behaving lawfully/ethically With a victim focused mindset
Policy statement & Principals:
Why is command and control needed?
The ability to effectively control, command, lead and coordinate police - led operations is fundamental to police in New Zealand
Policy statement & principals:
What 4 aspects make up HOW police command and control?
- Ensure all police are aware of health and safety considerations within their workplace
- Adhere to the scope of command and control, its functions and he environments it is used in
- Familiarize themselves with the principals of command and control
- Ensure staff understand the command and control roles and responsibilities
By putting safety first, we do what 3 things?
Minimize harm
Provide better service
Have safer communities
What threat assessment methodology do police use?
TENR
Threat
Exposure
Necessity
Response
The response to any given situation should be considered…
Timely
Proportionate
Appropriate
How does command operate?
Operates vertically within an agency
How does control operate?
Operates horizontally across agencies.
Eg. When an incident controller is appointed, they are in control of the incident however they can only command staff within their agency
What is control responsible for?
Coordinating and directing the response to an incident.
Sets priorities/objectives & and how best to implement them
What is control not responsible for?
Other ownership, administrative responsibilities or the management of other agencies resources
What is command responsible for?
Internal ownership, administrative responsibility and detailed direction of an agency’s personnel and resources as well as welfare/morale of assigned staff
What 3 essential elements does command and control consist of?
Leadership
Decision making
Control
What is CIMS?
Coordinated Incident Management System
Why is CIMS used?
- Provides 1 model of command
- Consistent with and required in any interagency response in new zealand
- Understood and practiced by our multi agency partners
- It is Consistent eith C&C SOPs already in place
- Provides a platform for interoperability with Australian police jurisdictions
- Already known at all levels of police
When can police command and control systems get utilized?
BAU Rising tide incidents Critical incidents Major critical events Planned operations Spontaneous operations
What are the 3 command levels?
Tactical
Operational
Strategic
What is tactical command?
The level within which police resources are directly deployed within the community.
Name 3 of the functions of the tactical commander
- Command the inner cordon
- Command the immediate situation
- Command all of the police resources within cordons
- Command within the intent provided by the operational commander and strategic commander (if appointed)
- Manage interagency coordination at a tactical level
When does operational command exist?
When there are multiple tactical levwl activities ot when the complexity of the situation requires a higher level of command
What functions are undertaken by the operational commander?
- Command the overall incident/s
- Command over resource distribution to support tactical commanders
- Command the response outside the area of tactical deployment (eg AOS operation)
- Manage interagency coordination at an operational level
- Command the response within the strategic commanders intent (if one is appointed)
When is strategic Command applied?
When the scope, consequence, community or political implications of and event/s is significant and requires dedicated attention
What functions are undertaken but he strategic commander?
- Command overall police response
- Command multiple operational level activities (eg cross district events)
- Command the community consultation response
- Provide a liaison between operation and the police executive, government, media and agencies
What is the internationally recommended number limit of direct reports to mitigate the commander or controller from becoming overloaded?
2 to 7
Command and control must be sustainable. What contingencies should be considered during the planning phase?
Alternative headquarters
Reserve capability
The principal of delegation of command or control comprises of the centralization of ……. and decentralization of ……….
Control/command
Execution
What are the obligations of command and control?
Community safety
Staff health and well-being
Wider reputation of police
Behave lawfully, ethically and professionally at all times
Why use the “appreciation process”?
- Design, planning, execution and adaption of actions within the operational environment
- Can be completed by and individual or team
- Should be written, especially for larger incidents or operations
- Allows for clear thiught and logical reasoning by examining the whole situation
What is the appreciation format used by nz police?
AFCO
Aim
Factors
Courses of action
Outline plan
In AFCO, explain Aim
- Derived from the guidance or intensity by a higher control/command level.
- The aim will generally start “to…” and will outline the ‘what’ of the operation. Can include how, when, why or where.
- Controller/commander intent statement
In AFCO, explain Factors
- The circumstances, facts or influences which might impact on the conduct of the operation
- Can be discussed by asking “so what?” and using “therefore” to address any mitigation
Eg. Factor: weather, So What: forecast for rain, Therefore: staff deployed will require wet weather clothing
Some factors can include:
Ground Time & space Weather & environment Risks Legislation Budget Media Political considerations Police role Log Health and safety Intelligence Community impact assessment Offenders
In AFCO, explain Courses of Action
Once all factors have been considered, courses of action will be identified which could help achieve the Aim.
Each should be discussed by looking at their advantages and disadvantages.
One will be approved by the commander/commander and further developed toward a plan
In AFCO, explain Outline Plan
Does not need to be detailed
Must cover: situation, mission & execution
Once approved, will be developed into an operational Action Plan
What is an Operation Order referred to in CIMS?
Action Plan
What is GSMEAC
Ground Situation Mission Execution Administration and Logistics Command and Signals
In GSMEAC, explain Ground
Covers overview of terrain and makeup of the area. Should include risks and hazards
Relevant distances along with factors such as day or night
In GSMEAC, explain Situation
Provides a summary and background so that police staff understand what is happening and why.
Will highlight assumptions made by controller/commander, threat and police resources
In GSMEAC, explain Mission
Very clear and concise statement as to the police role.
Generally the same as the Aim from the appreciation.
One sentence starting with “To….”
In GSMEAC, explain Execution
Outlines how the mission will be achieved
May be carried out in a single or multiple phases
May cover: routes to the scene, boundaries, timings,limitations, fire orders, briefings/debriefs, arrests, media, legal, evidence gathering
In GSMEAC, explain Admin and Logistics
Outlines how the support functions will be carried out.
May address equipment, meals, accommodation, dress, transport, resources, H&S, medical, complaints, arrests
In GSMEAC, explain Command and Signals
Outlines various commanf and control elements supporting the operation and how staff will communicate with each other and the commander
Commander/Controller & 2IC must be named
Ideally will also contain location if HQ, contact details for O/C as well as various call signs and radio channels to be used
What are Appendices used for?
Explaining matters in more detail or to support various elements of the operation
What are Appendices used for?
Explaining matters in more detail or to support various elements of the operation
What is the purpose of a debrief?
To critically examine what went well and what could have been improved during the operation.
Ideally chaired by a senior member who was not involved in the operation
Takes place asap after the operation
Once identified, what should happen with Lessons Learnt?
Maintained in the Lessons Learnt database along with copy of the appreciation
What is the definition of Emergency in the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002?
A situation that
- is the result of any happening, whether natural or otherwise, including without limitation, any explosion, earthquake, eruption, tsunami, land movement, flood, storm, tornado, cyclone, serious fire, leakage or spillage of dangerous gas or substance, technological failure, infestation, plague, epidemic, actual or imminent attack or warlike act
- causes or may cause loss of life, injury, illness, distress or in any way endangers the safety of the public or the property in New Zealand
- cannot be dealt with by emergency services, or otherwise requires a significant and co-ordinated response under this act
Section 86 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002 is related to the evacuation of premises.
When can this be done and what can you do?
Evacuation of premises and places.
If a state of emergency is in force and in the opinion of the controller or any constable, the action authorized bt this section is necessary for the preservation of human life, that person or a person authorized by him/her may direct, within the area in which the emergency is in force-
a) the evacuation of any premises or place, including public place or
b) the exclusion of persons or vehicles form any premises or place, including a public place
Section 87 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002 allows you to enter onto premises.
When can you do this and why?
Entry on Premises
If a state of emergency is in force a controller or constable or any person acting under their authority may enter, if necessary break into, any place or premises in that area if they believe on reasonable grounds the action is necessary for-
a) saving life, preventing injury, or rescuing and removing injured or endangered persons or
b) permitting or facilitating thr carrying out if any urgen measure for the relief of suffering or distress
Section 88 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002 allows you to close roads and public places.
When can you use it?
And who can use it?
Closing roads and public places
If a state of emergency is in place, a controller, constable or anyone acting under their authority or authorized in a relevant civil defense emergency plan, may in order to prevent or limit the extent of the emergency totally or partially prohibit or restrict public access with or without vehicles to any road or public place within the emergency area
Section 89 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002 allows you to move vehicles.
What reason would you have to move them?
May you use force?
Removal of aircraft, vessels, vehicles etc
If a state of emergency is in force, a controller or constable or anyone acting under their authority, may in order to prevent or limit the extent of the emergency
a) remove from any place that the emergency is in force, any aircraft, hovercraft, ship or other vessel, train or vehicle impeding civil defense emergency management and
b) if reasonably necessary for that purpose, use force to break into that vehicle, vessel etc
Section 90 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002 gives you powers to requisition property.
When can you use it?
What can you requesition?
What is your responsibility?
Requisitioning powers
1) Applies if a state of emergency is in force and in the opinion of the controller or constable the action authorized by this section is necessary for the preservation of human life
2) Controller or constable or person authorized may direct the owner or person in control of land, building, vehicle, animal, boat, apparatus, implement, earth moving equipment, construction materials, furniture, bedding, food, medical supplies or any other equipment/supplies, to immediately place that property-
a) under his or her control
b) under control of a constable or commander or person authorized
3) A person exercising any power int his section must give the owner or person in charge of the property a written statement specifying the requisitioned property and the person who’s control it is placed in
4) If the owner or person in charge of the property cannot be immediately found, a constable/controller/person authorized may assume immediate control of the requesitioned property
5) If a person assumes control of property under subsection (4), that person is to ensure that as soon as practicable, a written statement is to be provided to the owner specifying requesitioned property and under who’s control it is
6) The owner or person in charge of the requesitioned property immediately before it is requesitioned under this section must provide the person exercising the power with any assistance reasonably required
While a state of emergency isnin force, section 91 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002 allows you power to give directions.
What may you do?
(3)
Direct to stop
Direct to take action
Directo to have building assessed
Power to give directions
1) While a state of emergency is in force a controller, constable or authorized person may-
a) direct any person to stop any activity that may cause or substantially contribute to an emergency
b) request any person, verbally or written, to take any action to prevent or limit the extent of the emergency
2)While a state of emergency is in force a controller, constable or person authorized may direct-
the owner/s of a structure/s to obtain an assessment of the effect of the emergency
3) A person may not give direction under subsection (2) unless the person had regard to whether the structure my in the circumstances pose a risk of injury, safety of life or property
4) A direction under subsection (2) must-
a) state the purpose for and specify the assessment required
b) specify a reasonable time within which the assessment must be concluded
c) require the owner to give a copy of the assessment to the person who gave the direction
5) An owner who is given a direction under subsection (2) must-
a) obtain the assessment
b) give a copy of the assessment to a person who gave that direction
6)The owner may appeal to the district Court on grounds that the direction is unreasonable
7) section 77(2) &(3) applies in relation to an appeal
8) Any relief that may be granted under subsection (6) is limited yo the reasonable costs associated with obtaining the assessment
Section 92 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002 gives you the power to carry out inspections.
State 5 things you may do to property or animal to prevent or limit the emergency
Power to carry out inspections
While a state of emergency is in force, a controller/constable/person authorized may examine, mark, seize, sample, secure, disinfect or destroy and property, animal or any other thing in order to prevent or limit the emergency
Section 93 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002 is your responsibility to provide ID
When must you do it?
Provide proof of identity
A person exercising a power in this part must-
a) have with them and produce if requested evidence of their identity
b) ID requested, produce evidence or provide a general explanation of the authority under which they are acting and the powers they are exercising
What offense is specified in section 95 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002
Failure to comply with a requirement in civil defense emergency management plan
What offense is specified in section 98 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002
Obstruction
What penalties are specified in section 104 of the Civil Defense Emergency Management Act 2002
Penalty for offences
A person who commits an offense against this act is liable for conviction
a) individual: max prison 3 months, $5,000 fine or both
b) body corporate: max fine $50,000
Initial command of the response to all incidents reported to the Emergency Communications Centre is the responsibility of who?
The Emergency Communications Centre shift commander - where possible at rank of sergeant or above
