COMM 10, 2nd LE Flashcards
to reflect the true meaning as it already
exists in the world.
Reflective Approach
who imposes his or her unique meaning on the world through language.
Intentional Approach
Meanings are constructed by readers themselves and reality is subjective and multiple.
Constructionist Approach
study of social production of meaning from sign systems, analysis of anything that can stand for something else.
SEMIOTICS (SAUSSURE)
is a system of signs.
Language
‘father of modern
linguistics’
Ferdinand de Saussure
the word or more generally, the physical object(such as drawing or traffic lights) that we use to represent our thoughts.
SIGNIFIER
the thought or idea that is represented.
SIGNIFIED
resembles what it represents
Icon
Has no relationship or resemblance to what it represents but its meaning is agreed upon by people
Symbol
Has a logical or natural relationship to what it represents
Index
the mutual creation of meaning
Communication
a generalization about how a group of people coordinate meaning and action among themselves (worldview).
Culture
is the study and practice of communication across cultural contexts. * the mechanism whereby people of different groups perceive and try to make sense of one another.
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
indirect rather than explicit.
HIGH-CONTEXT COMMUNICATION
explicit and detailed.
LOW-CONTEXT COMMUNICATION
from UP College of Mass Communication coined the term Filipino Communicative Behavior (FCB)
Jose Lacson
-is a matrix of contexts and perspectives, illustrating the multiple layers of thinking which precede and determine communicative behaviors.
Filipino Communicative Behavior
- study of people’s use of space as a
special elaboration of culture
PROXEMICS
- Most externally obvious code of
nonverbal behavior. It may indicate age,
gender, nationality, ethnicity, education,
economic status, lifestyle and attitude.
Appearance also carries certain universal
elements. Across cultures, appearance is
the basis for judging beauty and different
culture groups decorate their body with
various adornments(e.g tattoos). How we
APPEARANCE
- study of meanings, usage, and
communication of time. Different
cultures have different concepts of time
manifested in terms of punctuality and
pace
CHRONEMICS
Includes posture, gestures, and facial
expressions.
KINESICS
- also called tactile communication,
_______ varies in amount, location, type,
and public or private manifestation.
_______ or touch communicates specific
emotions like anger, fear, disgust, love,
gratitude, and sympathy (Matsumato &
Hwang, 2012)
HAPTICS
- the study of messages sent by the eyes
including eye contact, blinks, eye
movements, and pupil dilation
OCULESICS
- refers to nonverbal elements of the voice,
the way we speak or the tone of our voice
VOCALICS OR PARALANGUAGE
A mere background of speech, ________ is a
complex and powerful element of human
interaction that is culturally determined
and which communicates certain aspects
of a culture
SILENCE
Study of interpersonal communication via
smell. _________ are cultural in two ways:
first, certain smells are connected to diet,
bodily rituals, and geography; and second,
the ability to smell and give valence to
certain types of smell are also culturally
conditioned
OLFACTICS
- Anxiety
- Assuming similarity instead of difference
- Ethnocentrism
- Stereotyping
- Prejudice/Prejudgement
- Discrimination
INTERCULTURAL CONFLICTS
CAUSED BY VERBAL/NONVERBAL
COMMUNICATION
- Inquiry
- Framing
- Positioning
- Dialogue
- Reflection
- Action
OVERCOMING BARRIERS TO
INTERCULTURAL
COMMUNICATION
According to _______________, it is the
“in-between” space in the clash between
cultures where meaning and representation
are negotiated and cultural identity can be
re-imagines
Homi Bhaba
- a “place” where different cultures try to
establish a common ground of
understanding, one that allows all parties
involved to listen, learn, and adjust.
THIRD SPACE
