COMING OF WAR Flashcards
WHEN WAS MEIN KAMPF PUBLISHED ?
1924
WHAT GOALS DID MEIN KAMPF OUTLINE ?
Hitler’s aims to
Unite all German speaking people
Anchluss with Austria
Restore Germany to its former power
Lebensraum
WHAT YEARS DOES HITLER BECOME FUHRER ?
1934
WHAT PEACEFUL ACTIONS DID HITLER TAKE ?
1934 - Signs a non-agression pact with Poland
1935 - Anglo-German Naval Pact allowed Germany to rebuild its navy to 35% of GB
WHAT ACTIONS SUGGESTED THAT HITLER WAS PREPARING FOR WAR ?
1933 - Hitler withdraws from the disarmament conference
Oct 1933 - Hitler leaves League of Nations
1935 - Conscripted introduced and announces rearmament. 500,000 men conscripted and navy and air force conscripted
1936 - 7th March Remilitarisation of the Rhineland. Breaks TOV terms
WHAT DATE WAS THE ANCHLUSS PROCLAIMED ?
12th March 1938
ANCHLUSS
Hitler instructs Austrian Nazis to start riots, German troops enter and gain control of government. Any opponents were arrested
12th March 1938
WHAT YEAR WAS THE CZECHOSLOVKIA CRISIS ?
1938
CZECHOSLOVAKIA CRISIS CONTEXT
Hitler demands the Czech government give Germany the Sudetenland an area of Czechoslovakia where 3.5 MILLION GERMANS LIVED.
It was RICH IN NATURAL RESOURCES
3/4 OF CZECHOSLOVKIA’S INDUSTRY
Contained Czechoslovakia’s DEFENSES AGAINST GERMANY.
WHEN WAS THE MUNICH AGREEMENT ?
30 SEPTEMBER 1938
MUNICH AGREEMENT
30 September 1938 - France, GB, Germany and Italy meet to discuss Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia not invited
The Munich Agreement agreed:
- To make the Sudetenland part of Germany
- Guaranteed the independence of the rest of Czechoslovakia
- GB and Germany sign a pact never to go to war ANGLO-GERMAN DECLARATION
WHAT DATE DOES GERMANY INVADE POLAND ?
1st September 1939
DECLARATION OF WAR ?
Britain and France deliver an ultimatum to withdraw from Poland or go to war.
Two days later on the 3rd September 1939 Britain and France declare war on Germany
WHAT IS APPEASEMENT ?
Making concessions and compromises in order to avoid war
ARGUMENTS FOR APPEASEMENT ?
Britain was still recovering from the last war
The British public did not want to repeat the horrors of the last war
America wanted no part in a war - Britain did not have reliable allies
People thought the TOV was too harsh
British economy could not take a war
ARGUMENTS AGAINST APPEASEMENT ?
Appeasement only emboldened Hitler to further break TOV
Winston Churchill heavily against policy
Warned Hitler would not be appeased
Germany became strong economically, politically and territorially.
Made Britain and the Powers look weak
WHAT WAS THE PHONY WAR ?
The six month period after war had been declared where no fighting took place.
IN WHAT YEAR DID BRITAIN BEGIN PREPARING FOR WAR ?
1938
HOW DID BRITAIN PREPARE FOR WAR ?
Spent money informing people on RATIONING and GAS MASKS
A programme to build new warships
Agreed war time wages with trade unions
Blackout procedures
Organised a MINISTRY OF SUPPLY to deal with overseas imports
APPEASEMENT IN 1938 GAVE BRITAIN TIME TO PREPARE
WHEN DID CONSCRIPTION FIRST BEGIN ?
FOR WHAT AGES AND UNDER WHICH ACT ?
From APRIL 1939 under the MILITARY TRAINING ACT 1939 all single men aged 20-22 had to join the army.
WHEN WAS WIDER CONSCRIPTION INTRODUCED ?
FOR WHAT AGES AND UNDER WHICH ACT ?
In SEPTEMBER 1939 under the NATIONAL SERVICES ACT all men aged 18-41 had to join the army.
There were 1.5 MILLION MEN enlisted by the end of 1939
RESERVED OCCUPATIONS
In 1938, the SCHEDULE FOR RESERVED OCCUPATIONS gave exemptions from conscription to skilled workers.
Workers who were more useful at home were instructed to stay.
Over the course of the war 5 MILLION men of eligible conscription age stayed at home
Jobs included dockworkers, farmers, doctors, teachers and later coal miners
WHAT 5 WAYS DID BRITAIN PREPARE FOR AIR RAIDS ?
AIR RAID WARDENS
AIR RAID SHELTERS
ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS
BARRAGE BALLOONS
RADAR
HOW MANY AIR RAID WARDENS WERE THERE BY THE TIME WAR BROKE OUT ?
1.5 MILLION
1/3 OF WARDENS WERE WOMEN
