COMING OF WAR

Question 1

WHEN WAS MEIN KAMPF PUBLISHED ?

Answer 1

1924

Question 2

WHAT GOALS DID MEIN KAMPF OUTLINE ?

Answer 2

Hitler’s aims to
Unite all German speaking people
Anchluss with Austria
Restore Germany to its former power
Lebensraum

Question 3

WHAT YEARS DOES HITLER BECOME FUHRER ?

Answer 3

1934

Question 4

WHAT PEACEFUL ACTIONS DID HITLER TAKE ?

Answer 4

1934 - Signs a non-agression pact with Poland
1935 - Anglo-German Naval Pact allowed Germany to rebuild its navy to 35% of GB

Question 5

WHAT ACTIONS SUGGESTED THAT HITLER WAS PREPARING FOR WAR ?

Answer 5

1933 - Hitler withdraws from the disarmament conference
Oct 1933 - Hitler leaves League of Nations
1935 - Conscripted introduced and announces rearmament. 500,000 men conscripted and navy and air force conscripted
1936 - 7th March Remilitarisation of the Rhineland. Breaks TOV terms

Question 6

WHAT DATE WAS THE ANCHLUSS PROCLAIMED ?

Answer 6

12th March 1938

Question 7

ANCHLUSS

Answer 7

Hitler instructs Austrian Nazis to start riots, German troops enter and gain control of government. Any opponents were arrested
12th March 1938

Question 8

WHAT YEAR WAS THE CZECHOSLOVKIA CRISIS ?

Answer 8

1938

Question 9

CZECHOSLOVAKIA CRISIS CONTEXT

Answer 9

Hitler demands the Czech government give Germany the Sudetenland an area of Czechoslovakia where 3.5 MILLION GERMANS LIVED.
It was RICH IN NATURAL RESOURCES
3/4 OF CZECHOSLOVKIA’S INDUSTRY
Contained Czechoslovakia’s DEFENSES AGAINST GERMANY.

Question 10

WHEN WAS THE MUNICH AGREEMENT ?

Answer 10

30 SEPTEMBER 1938

Question 11

MUNICH AGREEMENT

Answer 11

30 September 1938 - France, GB, Germany and Italy meet to discuss Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia not invited
The Munich Agreement agreed:
- To make the Sudetenland part of Germany
- Guaranteed the independence of the rest of Czechoslovakia
- GB and Germany sign a pact never to go to war ANGLO-GERMAN DECLARATION

Question 12

WHAT DATE DOES GERMANY INVADE POLAND ?

Answer 12

1st September 1939

Question 13

DECLARATION OF WAR ?

Answer 13

Britain and France deliver an ultimatum to withdraw from Poland or go to war.
Two days later on the 3rd September 1939 Britain and France declare war on Germany

Question 14

WHAT IS APPEASEMENT ?

Answer 14

Making concessions and compromises in order to avoid war

Question 15

ARGUMENTS FOR APPEASEMENT ?

Answer 15

Britain was still recovering from the last war
The British public did not want to repeat the horrors of the last war
America wanted no part in a war - Britain did not have reliable allies
People thought the TOV was too harsh
British economy could not take a war

Question 16

ARGUMENTS AGAINST APPEASEMENT ?

Answer 16

Appeasement only emboldened Hitler to further break TOV
Winston Churchill heavily against policy
Warned Hitler would not be appeased
Germany became strong economically, politically and territorially.
Made Britain and the Powers look weak

Question 17

WHAT WAS THE PHONY WAR ?

Answer 17

The six month period after war had been declared where no fighting took place.

Question 18

IN WHAT YEAR DID BRITAIN BEGIN PREPARING FOR WAR ?

Answer 18

1938

Question 19

HOW DID BRITAIN PREPARE FOR WAR ?

Answer 19

Spent money informing people on RATIONING and GAS MASKS
A programme to build new warships
Agreed war time wages with trade unions
Blackout procedures
Organised a MINISTRY OF SUPPLY to deal with overseas imports

APPEASEMENT IN 1938 GAVE BRITAIN TIME TO PREPARE

Question 20

WHEN DID CONSCRIPTION FIRST BEGIN ?
FOR WHAT AGES AND UNDER WHICH ACT ?

Answer 20

From APRIL 1939 under the MILITARY TRAINING ACT 1939 all single men aged 20-22 had to join the army.

Question 21

WHEN WAS WIDER CONSCRIPTION INTRODUCED ?
FOR WHAT AGES AND UNDER WHICH ACT ?

Answer 21

In SEPTEMBER 1939 under the NATIONAL SERVICES ACT all men aged 18-41 had to join the army.
There were 1.5 MILLION MEN enlisted by the end of 1939

Question 22

RESERVED OCCUPATIONS

Answer 22

In 1938, the SCHEDULE FOR RESERVED OCCUPATIONS gave exemptions from conscription to skilled workers.
Workers who were more useful at home were instructed to stay.
Over the course of the war 5 MILLION men of eligible conscription age stayed at home
Jobs included dockworkers, farmers, doctors, teachers and later coal miners

Question 23

WHAT 5 WAYS DID BRITAIN PREPARE FOR AIR RAIDS ?

Answer 23

AIR RAID WARDENS
AIR RAID SHELTERS
ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS
BARRAGE BALLOONS
RADAR

Question 24

HOW MANY AIR RAID WARDENS WERE THERE BY THE TIME WAR BROKE OUT ?

Answer 24

1.5 MILLION
1/3 OF WARDENS WERE WOMEN

Question 25

WHAT WAS THE ROLE OF AN AIR RAID WARDEN ?

Answer 25

To enforce black out procedure
To sound the alarms in the event of an air raid
To guide people to communal shelters
To check on people in their homes
To carry out basic first aid
To put out small fires
To coordinate the emergency services after an air raid

Question 26

RADAR

Answer 26

Radar was a new technology that used radio waves to detect aircraft.
RAF planes could then be sent up to shoot down bombers using the locations

Question 27

BARRAGE BALLOONS

Answer 27

Hung above cities to stop bombers from flying low
This decreased the accuracy of bombings minimising the effectiveness of targeted attacks
2000 barrage balloons over cities during the Blitz

Question 28

ANTI AIRCRAFT GUNS

Answer 28

Capable of rapid fire at high angles
Equipped with powerful searchlights and could hit planes from up to 2 MILES high

Question 29

ANDERSON SHELTERS

Answer 29

Dug into the garden and covered with earth.
Designed to protect people form debris and bombing
Unpopular as it meant sleeping outside

Question 30

MORRISON SHELTER

Answer 30

A cage that could be fitted under a dining table
Room for a family of 4
Useful for city families without a garden

Question 31

UNDERGROUND STATIONS

Answer 31

At firs the government did not allow people into the underground during air raids.
Attacks were so severe and damaging to morale that the decision was reversed
Was popular as people could socialise with other families

Question 32

WHAT PERCENTAGE OF LONDONERS STAYED AT HOME DURING THE BLITZ ?

Answer 32

60%