Comfort and Pain Meds Flashcards
What are the 3 categories of pain meds?
opioid
nonopioid
adjuvant
What are analgesics?
drugs that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness
What is the main opioid agonist?
morphine
What are other strong opioid agonists besides morphine?
hydromorphone
fentanyl (transdermal)
methadone
meperidine
What are the moderate to strong opioid agonists?
codeine oxycodone (oxycontin, percodan) hydrocodone
What is the opioid antagonist?
naloxone
How do opioids work?
they bind to receptors in the CNS and inhibit transmission of nociceptive input
-altered limbic activity
What are the adjuvant analgesics that treat neuropathic pain?
tricyclic antidepressants SNRIs anti seizure meds adrenergic agonists NMDA receptor antagonists like ketamine
What is the most commonly administered subclass of opioids?
pure opioid agonists
What 3 opioids have no analgesic ceiling?
morphine
oxycodone
codeine
What other properties does codeine have?
antitussive
What opioids have acetaminophen in them?
- used for moderate pain
- Tylenol #3 (codeine plus acetaminophen)
- Vicoprofen (hydrocodone plus acetaminophen)
- Percocet or Percodan (Oxycodone plus acetaminophen)
- acetaminphen mas is 4g or 4000 mg
- Codeine
- Oxycodone
- Hydrocodone
Which opioids can be given IV?
fentanyl hydromorphone Levorphanol Meperidine Methadone Morphine Oxymorphone
What opioid can be given intrathecal or in the spinal canal?
morphine
What drug can be given rectally?
Oxymorphone
