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Computer Science > Combo Mumbo Jumbolio > Flashcards

Combo Mumbo Jumbolio Flashcards

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1
Q

What is ROM

A
  • It stores permanent and non-volatile programs that (could only be read, but can’t be written to it)
  • It also stores initial program that runs when the computer turns on

+ Bootstrap: a code that finds the operating system in the hard drive

  • It stores BIOS - controls the basic technical configuration of processor speed and system time
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2
Q

What is RAM

A
  • RAM stores programs or data that are running, which are copied from HARD DRIVE
  • It is directly accessed by the CPU
  • When your computer is turned off, data stored is lost (volatile)
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3
Q

What if the RAM runs out of space

A
  1. The data will be moved to virtual memory in the hard drive - an extension of RAM
  2. However, the time for the CPU to access the data would be slower than
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4
Q

What is the process called when moving data from RAM to virtual memory?

A

swapping + paging

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5
Q

why increasing the amount of RAM will improve the performance of a PC

A

Having lots of RAM means allowing many apps to run at the same time and the CPU could access them very quickly

Instead of swapping data to the virtual memory, which takes much more time for the CPU to access it.

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6
Q

What is SKEW

A

Each signal will travel at a slightly different speed, therefore, arriving at its destination at different times.

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7
Q

What is CROSS-TALK

A

When the wires are too close to each other the electricity will interfere and change the bits

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8
Q

What is CHECKSUM

A

The total number of bits transmitted is counted up and the result is also sent with the data.

The receiver can see and check if all data has been transmitted successfully!

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9
Q

What is PARITY CHECK

A

An additional bit to usually 8-bit string, to check whether the whole byte has changed along the way or not.

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10
Q

What is CHECK DIGIT

A

An additional bit to check the other part of the string, whether, they are correct or not

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11
Q

What is ARQs

A

The simplest Stop-and-wait ARQ will continuously resend that the data or bytes if an acknowledgement hasn’t been received within a specific time.

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12
Q

What is bandwidth

A

the amount of data that can be transmitted at one time

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13
Q

What is a parallel transmission?

A
  • it is usually used for small distances like on a computer.

- transmission involves a number of wires that allow signals or bits to be sent simultaneously

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14
Q

What is a serial transmission?

A
  • transmission involves small bits to signal at a time, over a single wire
  • It uses for further distance
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15
Q

What is simplex

A
  • allows for data to be sent in only one direction

- that means the data receiver can not respond back

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16
Q

What is half-duplex

A
  • allows data to travel in both directions,

- however, it cannot occur at the same time or simultaneously

17
Q

What is full-duplex

A

allow data to travel in both directions, and it can occur simultaneously

18
Q

Is data bus uni or bi-directional

A

bi-directional

19
Q

Is control bus uni or bi-directional

A

uni-directional

20
Q

Is address bus uni or bi-directional

A

uni-directional

21
Q

Define operating system

A

a collection of system software that manages the applications, hardware, memory and operation of computer

22
Q

The function of the operating system

A

PMMIPUA
1. Provide a user interface

  1. Manages memory
  2. Multitasking
  3. Interrupts
  4. User access rights
  5. applications
  6. Peripheral device
23
Q

What is “Provide a user interface” in the operating system

A
  • Graphical user interface - icon, picture
  • Command-line interface - command, word
  • Menu-driven interface - a list of stuff
  • Voice-activated - Siri, Alexa,
  • Real-time - Sensors detect inputs, actuators output actions
24
Q

What is “Peripheral device” in the operating system

A

there’ll be a device driver stored in the operating system for the peripheral device to activate.

25
Q

What is “interrupts” in the operating system

A

A Signal that causes the processor to stop its current activities to take a specified action

26
Q

What is “manages memory” in the operating system

A

A Process of assigning blocks of memory to programs in a computer, so it is unlikely that files will be overwritten each other

27
Q

Utility program

A

a program that does a specific task that is required

28
Q

Spooling

A

a process holding data temporarily

29
Q

Buffer

A

storage temporarily, waiting to be processed - the process of storing is called spooling

30
Q

“Multitasking” in the operating system

A

Many processes run at the same time

31
Q

User access rights

A

to control the rights and files of the guest

Computer Science (11 decks)

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