Combined Biology - B2 Organisation Flashcards
Put the following in size order from smallest to largest:
organ, cell, organ system, tissue
cell → tissue → organ → organ system
What is a tissue?
A group of cells with a similar structure and function.
What is an organ?
Groups of tissues forming particular functions.
What is the function of the digestive system?
To digest and absorb food
What do enzymes do?
Catalyse (speed up) reactions
Name the part of the enzyme indicated by the arrow
Active site
Q. Where is amylase produced?
- In the salivary glands, small intestine and pancreas.
Q. Where is protease produced?
- In the stomach, small intestine and pancreas
Q. Where is lipase produced?
- Lipase is produced in the small intestine and pancreas
What do digestive enzymes do?
Break down food into soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.
Name the enzyme that is a type of carbohydrase.
Amylase
Q. Where is bile made?
Q. Where is bile stored?
Q. What two things does bile do?
- Bile is made in the liver.
- Bile is stored in the gall bladder.
- 1) Bile is alkaline so neutralises hydrochloric acid from the stomach
- 2) It emulsifies fat to form small droplets which increases the surface area to increase the rate of fat breakdown.
What is the test for glucose and what would a positive result show?
- Add Benedict’s solution
- Put in a water bath at 75 oC
- Turns from blue to orange (can turn green, yellow or red depending on amount of glucose present)
What is the test for starch and what would a positive result show?
- Add iodine
- Turns from orange to black
What is the test for protein and what would a positive result show?
- Add Biuret Solution
- Turns from blue to light purple
Name the organs the food moves through in the digestive system in order from mouth to anus.
- Mouth
- Oespophagus
- Stomach
- Small intestine
- Large intestine
- Rectum
- Anus
Where in the body is most food digested?
Small intestine
What are the folds in the small intestine called?
villi
Q. Where does amylase work?
- In the mouth and small intestine.
Q. What does amylase breakdown and what are the products?
- Amylase breaks down starch into sugar.
Q. Where does protease work?
- Protease works in the stomach and small intestine
Q. What does protease breakdown and what are the products?
- Protease breaks down protein into amino acids
Q. Where does lipase work?
Q. What does lipase breakdown and what are the products?
- Lipase works in the small intestine
Q. Where is lipase produced?
Q. Where does lipase work?
Q. What does lipase breakdown and what are the products?
- Lipase is produced in the small intestine and pancreas
- Lipase works in the small intestine
- Lipase breaks down lipids (fats) into fatty acids and glycerol.
