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Oral Path and Oral Medicine 2020 > Colors of pathology 1 > Flashcards

Colors of pathology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

If you have something that looks like a retrocuspid papilla but is not bilateral what is your differential?

A
  • Bump on the gums
  • Pyogenic granuloma
  • Peripheral giant cell granuloma
  • Peripheral ossifying fibroma
  • IFH
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2
Q

Why are white lesions white?

A
  • Because of thickened epithelial covering
  • Decreased vascularity
  • Increased collagen
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3
Q

What are some white lesions that cause thickened epithelial coverings?

A
  • Hyperkeratosis
  • Acanthosis
  • Dysplasia
  • Carcinoma
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4
Q

What is a white lesions that causes increased collagen?

A

-Submucous fibrosis

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5
Q

Why are red lesions red?

A
  • Thinner epithelium
  • Increased vascularity
  • Dissolution of the collagen content
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6
Q

Why are blue lesions blue?

A
  • Venous blood collection as opposed to the red of arterial blood
  • Tyndall effect (all wavelengths are absorbed except blue)
  • Medications
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7
Q

Why are black lesions black?

A
  • Melanin

- Heavy metals

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8
Q

Why are brown lesions brown?

A
  • Melanin

- Hemosiderin

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9
Q

What is hemosiderin?

A

-Yellowish brown granular pigment formed by breakdown of hemoglobin found in phagocytes

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10
Q

Why are yellow lesions yellow?

A
  • Adipose tissue
  • Sebaceous material (skin oil)
  • Pus
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11
Q

What is the differential of a white lesion that can be scraped, or rubbed off?

A
  • Materia alba
  • Burns (thermal or chemical)
  • Candidiasis
  • Fibrin membrane
  • White coated tongue
  • Exudate
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12
Q

What is the differential of a white lesion that can NOT be scraped or rubbed off?

A
  • Leukoplakia
  • Leukoedema
  • Lichen planus
  • Linia alba
  • Morsicatio
  • Nicotine stomatitis
  • Tobacco pouch keratosis
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13
Q

What are the treatment options for morsicatio buccarum, labiorum, or linguarum?

A
  • Bite guard

- None

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14
Q

What is a common cancer that comes from smokeless tobacco use?

A

-Verrucous carcinoma (25% can be squamous cell carcinoma)

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15
Q

What do skin lesions that are associated with lichen planus look like?

A
  • Purple
  • Pruritic (itchy)
  • Polygonal
  • Papule
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16
Q

What is the treatment for lichen planus (chronic inflammatory disease)?

A

-Topical steroid is a good start before using a systemic

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17
Q

What is clobetasol proprionate .05% gel?

A

-It is a topical steroid (high potency)

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18
Q

what can too much steroid cause?

A

-yeast infection

19
Q

What is Decadron aka?

A

-Dexamethasone elixir

20
Q

What is Dexamethasone elixir?

A

-Topical steroid

21
Q

What two topical steroid have a black box warning for external use only?

A

-Lidex and Clobetasol (you can ignore this)

22
Q

How do you decide whether do use a gel or an elixir?

A
  • Size of lesions
  • Frequency of recurrences
  • Number of lesions
  • Location of lesions
23
Q

What is Clobetasol proprionate aka?

A

-Temovate

24
Q

What size of tubes do Clobetasol proprionate come in?

A

-15 g or 30 g tubes (usually start with 15 unless they have to use it daily because there lesions came back after use)

25
Q

What is the sig (instructions) for how to use clobetasol proprionate?

A

-Dry the affected area and gently apply a thin amount bid-tid (twice or three times daily)

26
Q

What percent of clobetasol proprinoate do you use?

A

-.05% gel

27
Q

What is the concentration of dexamethasone elixir that you use?

A

.5mg/ml

28
Q

How much dexamethasone elixir do you dispense?

A

-12-16 oz (480ml)

29
Q

What are the instructions (sig) for dexamethasone elixir?

A

-Rinse with 1 tsp for 2 minutes bid-qid (so three is a good middle number) and expectorate

30
Q

What is fluocinonide aka?

A

-Lidex

31
Q

What concentration of fluocinonide do you use?

A

-.05% gel (moderate potency)

32
Q

How much fluocinonide (lidex) do you dispense?

A

-15g or 30 g tube

33
Q

What are instructions (sig) for fluocinonide (lidex)?

A

-Dry the affected area and gently apply a thin amount 3-4 times daily

34
Q

What is the treatment for oral hairy leukoplakia?

A

-Treat AIDS

35
Q

What is the treatment for nicotine stomatitis?

A

-Discontinue use

36
Q

What are red and white lesions?

A
  • Recurrent apthous ulcers
  • Herpetic ulcers
  • Traumatic ulcer (TUGSE)
  • Geographic tongue (erythema migrans)
  • Actinic keratosis
  • Erythroleukoplakia
37
Q

What is the treatment for traumatic ulcer?

A
  • steroids
  • Cut it out (to remove dead skeletal muscle and tissue)
  • Watch it
38
Q

What are some intra-lesional injections that can be used to treat TUGSE?

A
  • Kenalog 10 (10 mg/ml)

- kenalog 40 (40 mg/ml)

39
Q

How much kenalog do you use when treating TUGSE?

A

-10 mg per centimeter of lesional tissue

40
Q

What is the treatment for geographic tongue?

A

-Nothing

41
Q

What is a differential for desquamative gingivitis?

A
  • Lichen planus
  • Mucous membrane pemphigoid
  • Pemphigus vulgaris
  • Systemic lupus erythematosis
  • Hypersensitivity
42
Q

What is the treatment for desquamative gingivitis?

A
  • Biopsy for confirmation

- Topical steroids

43
Q

What is actinic chelosis?

A

-A pre-malignant lesion

Oral Path and Oral Medicine 2020 (12 decks)

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