Colorectal cancer screening

Question 1

The current guidelines suggest using a ___________________________, which aims to identify microscopic blood in the stool, as the first-line screening test to detect CRC

Answer 1

faecal occult blood test (FOBT)

Question 2

Risk factors for positive __________screening included: male gender, first screening, older ages, remote communities, low socioeconomic status and Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander background

Answer 2

FOBT

Question 3

Category ______
(relative risk x 1–2)
Asymptomatic people who have:
no personal history of bowel cancer, colorectal adenomas, inflammatory bowel disease or family history of colorectal cancer (CRC)
OR
one first-degree relative with CRC diagnosed at 55 years or older
OR
one first-degree and one second-degree relative with CRC diagnosed at 55 years or older.

Answer 3

1

Question 4

After _________cancer, it is the second most common cause of cancer death.

Answer 4

lung

Question 5

Category ____
(relative risk x 7–10)
Asymptomatic people who have:
at least three first-degree or second-degree relatives with CRC, with at least one diagnosed before age 55 years
OR
at least three first-degree relatives with CRC diagnosed at any age.

Answer 5

3

Question 6

CRC has a __________stage in the form of a polyp, which acquires mutations through one of three molecular pathways to become an invasive lesion

Answer 6

precancerous

Question 7

_________ may be caused by the bowel cleanout prior to the procedure (eg
dehydration and electrolyte imbalances), the sedation used during the procedure (eg cardiovascular events), or
the procedure itself (eg infection, colonic perforations, bleeding).

Answer 7

Harm

Question 8

______________has indirect and direct harms, including, rarely, death from the procedure

Answer 8

Colonoscopy

Question 9

The current recommended strategy for population screening in Australia is an ______________ every two years in asymptomatic individuals, starting from age 50 years to age 74 years.

Answer 9

iFOBT

Question 10

There is level 1 evidence to suggest that regular consumption of ___________can reduce incidence and mortality in CRC
reduce the occurrence of CRC by 24% and reduce CRC-associated mortality by 35% after 10 years of taking

Answer 10

aspirin

Question 11

Category \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
(relative risk of ~4–20%; <1% of the
population):*
Asymptomatic people with:
• three or more first-degree or seconddegree
relatives on the same side of the
family diagnosed with CRC (suspected
Lynch syndrome, also known as hereditary
non-polyposis CRC [HNPCC]or other Lynch
syndrome-related cancers†
or
• two or more first- or second-degree relatives
on the same side of the family diagnosed
with CRC, including any of the following
high-risk features:
–– multiple CRC in the one person
–– CRC aged <50 years
–– a family member who has or had Lynch
syndrome-related cancer

Answer 11

3 – High risk