Colorectal Cancer Flashcards
1
Q
What are the risk factors for colorectal cancer
A
- age
- heritage
- smoking
- obesity
- red meat
2
Q
What classification system do we use for colorectal cancer
A
Dukes classification
3
Q
Investigations for colorectal cancer
A
- colonoscopy: gold standard
- CT colonoscopy
- Rectal disease: pelvic MRI
- CT chest abdomen and pelvis to stage
- CEA - used to monitor therapeutic interventions
4
Q
What are the hereditary syndromes associated with colorectal cancer
A
- FmilIal adenonatous polyposis : APC mutation Autosomal dominance
- HNPCC: mismatch repeat genes
- Peutz-jeghers syndrome: mutation in STK11 gene
5
Q
What are the features of an illeostomy
A
- location: RIF
- liquid
- Spouted: so skin not damaged
6
Q
What are the features of a colostomy
A
- Location: LIF
- solid
- Flushed
7
Q
What are the different types of surgeries in colorectal cancer
A
- Right hemi-colectomy- caecal and right colon tumours
- left hemi-colectomy: left sided tumours
- pan protco colectomy: UC resistant to medical mx
- high anterior resection - sigmoid tumours
- low anterior resection: anus and below the dentate
- abdominal peritoneal resection- above the Anus
8
Q
What’s the difference between an end colostomy and loop?
A
Loop - probably reverse it later
