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Vision science > Color vision > Flashcards

Color vision Flashcards

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1
Q

What is color vision?

A

The ability to discriminate light solely based upon wavelength

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2
Q

What is hue euivalent to in photometry?

A

Dominant wavelength

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3
Q

What is brightness equivalent to in photometry?

A

Luminance

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4
Q

What is saturation equivalent to in photometry?

A

Purity

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5
Q

What does equal stimulation of cones result in?

A

White light

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6
Q

What is protan?

A

Anomaly with erythrolabe or L cone

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7
Q

What is deutan?

A

Anomaly with chlorolabe or M cone

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8
Q

What is tritan?

A

Anomaly with cyanolabe or S cone

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9
Q

Protanopes

A

Missing L cone

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10
Q

Deuteranopes

A

Missing M cone

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11
Q

Tritanopes

A

Missing S cone

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12
Q

Anomalous trichromats

A

Have all three cones, with a deficiency of one

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13
Q

What percentage of males have deuteranomaly?

A

5%

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14
Q

What percentage of males have overall red-green deficiency?

A

8%

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15
Q

What does spectral sensitivity determine?

A

Perceived brightness

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16
Q

Protanope V(wavelength) curve

A

Displaced toward shorter wavelengths

Peak at 540nm

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17
Q

Deuteranope V(wavelength) curve

A

Displaced toward longer wavelengths

Peak at 560nm

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18
Q

What is wavelength discrimination?

A

A measure of hue discrimination

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19
Q

What do confusion lines represent?

A

The locus of points on the CIE color space that cannot be dsitinguished based on their chromaticities

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20
Q

What do spaces between confusion lines represent?

A

A noticeable change in wavelength

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21
Q

McAdam’s ellipses

A

Confusion ellipses for trichromats

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22
Q

What is the copunctal point?

A

Where all confusion lines meet

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23
Q

What is a neutral point?

A

Where the confusion line that passes through white intersects the spectrum locus
Is confused with white

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24
Q

Where is the neutral point for a protanope?

A

494nm

25
Q

Where is the neutral point for a deuteranope?

A

500nm

26
Q

Where is the neutral point for a tritanope?

A

570nm

27
Q

Do anomalous trichromats have a neutral point?

A

No, but they have abnormal saturation perception

28
Q

What three things does color vision testing give?

A

Normal or abnormal?
Severity
Type

29
Q

What principle does PIP use?

A

Color confusions

30
Q

Transformation plate

A

Color normal sees symbol

Color defective sees different symbol

31
Q

Vanishing plate

A

Color normal sees symbol

Color defective does not

32
Q

Hidden plate

A

color normal does not see symbol

Color defective does

33
Q

Diagnostic plate

A

Diagnose different classes of color deficiencies

34
Q

What color defect does the Ishihara plate test?

A

red-green

35
Q

Will HRR or Ishihara give severity?

A

HRR

36
Q

Does HRR or Ishihara have a tritan plate?

A

HRR

37
Q

How many cross-over errors are normal?

A

0

38
Q

How many single placement errors are normal?

A

1

39
Q

What is the most accurate instrument for diagnosis or red-reen color defects?

A

Anomaloscope

40
Q

Which test differentiaties between dichromats and anomalous trichromats?

A

Anomaloscope

41
Q

Mixtrue field

A

670nm and 546nm mixture

42
Q

Test field

A

Fixed wavelength of 590nm

43
Q

What defect will cause a lower luminance number than a trichromat?

A

Protan

44
Q

What lighting standard is used for testing?

A

Standard illuminant C

45
Q

Which type of defect is usually bilateral and symmetirc?

A

Congenital

46
Q

Which type of defect can be unstable over time

A

Acquired

47
Q

What can cause a blue-yellow defect?

A

Diseases of the outer retina and ocular media

48
Q

What can cause a red-green defect?

A

Diseases of the inner retina and the visual pathways or cortex

49
Q

Achromatopsia

A

Patient behaves as a monochromat

50
Q

How is rod monochromacy inherited

A

Autosomal recessive

51
Q

How can you help a rod monochromat

A

Red lenses

52
Q

What is a blue-cone monochromat

A

Patient has rods and S cones

53
Q

How is blue-cone monochromacy inherited

A

X-linked recessive manner

54
Q

How do you help a blue-cone monochromat

A

Magenta glasses

55
Q

Why is chromatopsia not a true color vision defect

A

Does not reduce the ability to discriminate colors

56
Q

What is a common cause of chromatopsia

A

Nuclear cataract

57
Q

What is cyanopsia

A

Blue tinge experience by patients due to more blue light hitting the retina

58
Q

How are congeital red-green defects inherited

A

X-linked recessive manner

59
Q

How are congeital tritan defects inherited

A

Autosomal dominant fashion

Vision science (13 decks)

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