Colonisation Of The Cape Flashcards
Who Worth the indigenous inhabitants of the Cape in the 17th century
San Hunter gatherers and Khoi Khoi hearders
What does nomadic mean
😃they never live in one place they move around.
😃😃what animals did the khoi herders have
Cattle and fat tail sheep
Why did the Khoikhoi settle in the winter rain fall areas of the Western Cape.
Good grazing for the cattle and sheep.
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How many years ago did the African farmers settle in the eastern parts of southern Africa
2000 years ago
What crops did the African farmers grow
Sorghum and millet
Why did they grow sorghum and millet
Living in the eastern part of South Africa they needed summer rain
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R
Dutch settlement
😃😃😃😃😃😃😃😃
What is the VOC
Dutch East India company
Why was the VOC started
It was the only trading station To trade in the east
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In what year did Jan van Riebeeck arrive in the Cape
1652
What did the VOC tell Jan van Riebeeck to do.
He had to plant vegetable seeds and to set up pleaseful friendly trade with the Kwoi Kwoi
Had to build a fort for protection
Did everything in the settlement go well
No winter winds and rain washed away the mud and stone walls of the fort and flooded vegetables.
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What century did colonization of the Cape occur?
17th and18th
Why were slaves brought to the cape
Van Riebeeck realized that more people were needed to do the work in the cape. Needed to grow food for the settlement and supply passing ships. The local Kwai Kwai herders were not interested in planting crops
Why did Van Riebeeck think slaves would be a cheap form of labour
Feed slaves with plain food of rice and fish or seal meat without having to PAY the slaves
Where did the slaves come from
Angola and Guinea
Main continent for slaves came from Africa, Madagascar, India and Sri Lanka
How were slaves brought to the Cape
Came by ship from Angola, Guinea, Madagascar and India
Who Sold these slaves
The VOC
Why do you think the Dutch/Voc buy slaves from Mozambique and Madagascar. (To answer look at the map on page 167)
Not fae to travel. Still healthy when they got to the cape and cheap!!
Male slaves were preferred over female slaves Why?
Male slaves could do more harder work than females. Females also have babies and would not be able to hard work that was needed in planting crops and carrying heavy stuff
What was it like to be a slave?
People you don't know Can't speak their language Don't own anything except own cloths Feel alone Won't see family again Cruel owners
Where did most of the slaves work
On farms outside CapTown
Some slaves belonged to the VOC. What did the VOC slaves do?
Building work. Built the Cape castle. Also worked on Voc farms growing vegetables
What is a slave.
Person captured and taken from his family
Person owned by someone else
Person who can be sold like a piece of property
Person who has to everything his owner tells him to do
Person who works hard and does not get paid for his work
Why did slaves RESIST
They had bad living and working conditions. Suffered cruelties.
Slave rebellions did not work but other ways to Rebell
Work slowly Didn't do what they were told to do Got drunk Murdered their owners Broke tools Set fire to crops Stole Hurt themselves on purpose and ran away
What was the most common form of resistance
By running away
What was the the VOC afraid of if slaves ran away and did not get caught quickly and severely punished
Other slaves would run away as well
How did the slave owners let everyone know that a slave had escaped
Bells were rung and heard from far and blue flags hung from castle. And hills
How did runaway slaves survive
Sold wood
Fished and stole food from farm
Robbed travelers
Slave Legacy - what does legacy mean and what legacy did the Cape slaves leave?
Food, dress, religion and language of the Cape
How did the Muslim religion develop in the Cape and why?
Many of slaves from East India were Muslim
Sheik Yusuf of Makassar was a VOC prisoner from East Indies was sent to Cape where he taught slaves Muslim religion
One third of population was Muslim
How did Afrikaans develop?
At the Cape the slaves had to learn Dutch Why? - masters were Dutch.
Afrikaans developed from Dutch and slave languages
Settlement at the Cape could not grow enough food for ships stopping. What did Van Riebeeck do about this?
He allowed some of the VOC employees to become free Burghers (farmers) who did not work for the voc. These Burghers were given land but had to sell their produce to the VOC
What was the effect of these farmers on the Khoikhoi?
Khoikhoi lost their herds as more grazing land was taken over for farms
What did the Khoikhoi do to try and stop their land being taken?
Poisoned water holes
Fought battles and wars against the Dutch. Lost against Dutch who had horses and guns
What happened to the Khoikhoi after losing to the Dutch?
Had to give up most of their grazing land to the Dutch and lost their livestock.
Were forced to work for the free farmers alongside slaves.
Why did Van Riebeeck allow some people to become free burghers?
VOC were not able to supply enough vegetables and fresh produce for the ships
Why was the establishment of free burghers seen as the beginning of the colony
Free burghers were able to own their land and sell produce to the VOC.
How did the Khoikhoi feel about the new free burghers farms?
Worried that they would lose their grazing lands for their herds
When the free burghers said to the Khoikhoi that there was enough room for their grazing animals did this turn out to be true?
No. Khoikhoi were forced off their lands and ended up being servants for the Dutch.
What happened when the Dutch in Europe g
Heard that the VOC were giving away farms in the Cape?
Many decided to emigrate to the Cape so that they too could have land.
What were the French hugenots and how many were sent to the Cape?
They were Protestant and forced to leave France. France was run by a Catholic King and all Protestants kicked out.
Martens family were part of the French Hugenots kicked out. 200 settled in the cape in 1688
Why was the VOC governor concerned about the French Hugenots?
He was afraid they might remain French and made them swear allegiance to the Dutch ruler. Prince William of Orange. Also made them join the Dutch reformed church and to learn to speak Dutch.
During the 1700’s the colony consisted of 2 groups of people. What were they?
Consisted of slaves and free citizens. Khoikhoi were not considered as citizens of the Cape.
What are Trekboers? What did the Trekboers supply the settlement with
Trekboers were farmers that moved around to find grazing for their animals. That supplied the cape with meat. They became hunters and also trade with the KhoiKhoi.
How did these Trekboers travel?
What did they live in?
By oxwagons with their slaves and servants
Lived in tents and oxwagons.
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