Colonic Disease Flashcards
What is a polyp?
A protrusion of an epithelial surface
What is an adenoma?
A benign epithelial tumour that produces glands
All polyps are adenomas. True/False?
False
What are the 3 types of polyp?
Pedunculated (stalks)
Serrated (from villous)
Flat
All adenomas are dysplastic and may form adenocarcinoma. True/False?
True
What is the primary treatment of adenocarcinoma of the colon?
Surgical excision
Colorectal carcinoma is found most commonly on which side - right or left?
Left (75%)
What is a diverticulum?
Outpouching of epithelial lining
What is the difference between diverticulosis and diverticulitis?
Diverticulosis = diverticular disease = the presence of diverticula Diverticulitis = inflammation of diverticula
What is the proposed aetiology of diverticular disease?
Low fibre diet, high fatty diet
Reduces motility and increases colonic pressure
List some investigations for diverticular disease
Sigmoidoscopy
Barium enema
Which part of the colon is most susceptible to diverticular disease?
Sigmoid colon
What is a fistula?
Pathological connection/link between two epithelial surfaces
What would a fistula between the colon and the bladder be called?
Colovesical fistula
What are the main management procedures for diverticular disease?
Percutaneous drainage
Hartmann procedure