Colonialism

Question 1

When did Alexander Pope first work on ‘Windsor-Forest’?

Answer 1

c.1707

Question 2

When was the first edition of ‘Windsor-Forest’ published?

Answer 2

1713

Question 3

What does Vanessa Alayrac-Fielding say about pictorial representations of imported goods?

Answer 3

‘The subtle elision of marked references to slave labour from pictorial narratives… enabled Britons to justify and legitimise the expansion of imperial trade and colonialism’

Question 4

What does Carl Plasa say about James Grainger’s presentation of slave labour in ‘The Sugar-Cane’?

Answer 4

‘Grainger attempts to manufacture and maintain a poetic world purged of slavery’s more disturbing elements, only to find them persisting in residual forms’

Question 5

What does Pope say in ‘Windsor Forest’ about India and its relationship to Britain?

Answer 5

‘Let barb’rous Ganges arm a servile train’

Question 6

What does Pope say about the English flag in ‘Windsor Forest’

Answer 6

‘half thy trees rush into my Floods, / Bear Britain’s thunder, and her [bloody] cross display’

Question 7

What paradox does Pope say in ‘Windsor Forest’?

Answer 7

‘O stretch thy Reign, fair Peace! From Shore to Shore,
Till Conquest cease, and Slav’ry be no more’

Question 8

How are the playing cards described in the game of Ombre in ‘The Rape of the Lock’

Answer 8

‘Asia’s troops and Africk’s sable sons’

Question 9

What company did Alexander Pope have shares in, and when did he buy?

Answer 9

The South Sea Company, 1720

Question 10

When was James Grainger’s ‘The Sugar-Cane’ published?

Answer 10

1764

Question 11

What lines in ‘The Sugar-Cane’ equate plantation management with art?

Answer 11

‘As art transforms the savage face of things
And order captivates the harmonious mind;
Let not thy Blacks irregularly hoe’

Question 12

What does Edward Said say of narrative focus, in a cultural context?

Answer 12

‘In reading a text, one must open it out both to what went into it and to what its author excluded’

Question 13

What mythical description of the slaves does Grainger use in ‘The Sugar-Cane’?

Answer 13

‘The brawling Naiads for the planters toil’

Question 14

What is Grainger’s aim in describing the exotica in ‘The Sugar-Caine’?

Answer 14

‘to enrich poetry with many new and picturesque images’

Question 15

What does John Richardson detect in ‘Windsor Forest’’s rhetoric?

Answer 15

‘euphemistic avoidance’

Question 16

What does Simon Jarvis view the function of ‘mock’ as, which can be twisted to be something more sinister?

Answer 16

Mock as ‘screen’, which ‘shield[s] the onlooker from that greatness which must not be encountered’

Question 17

What does Stewart Crehan conclude of the ‘mock’ attitude in ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Answer 17

‘Mock-epic periphrases… tends to depersonalise’

Question 18

When was the two-canto ‘Rape of the Lock’ published?

Answer 18

1712

Question 19

What line demonstrates the denial of subjectivity for slaves in ‘Sugar-Cane’?

Answer 19

‘‘The Negroe-train, with placid looks, survey / Thy fields’

Question 20

What object demonstrates the collectible nature of colonialism in ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Answer 20

‘all Arabia breathes from yonder box. Tortoise here and elephant unite, / Transformed to Combs’

Question 21

What does the historian Maxine Berg argue occurs in the 18th century with regard to foreign luxuries?

Answer 21

a ‘shift in the meaning of luxury from excess to convenience and enjoyment’

Question 22

What did the development of a taste for foreign luxuries do to domestic production, according to Maxine Berg?

Answer 22

It engendered a practice of ‘imitation’

Question 23

What does James Grainger refer to the writing of ‘The Suger-Cane’ as?

Answer 23

‘this arduous undertaking’

Question 24

What does James Grainger say about adding notes to his poem, ‘The Sugar-Cane’?

Answer 24

‘the obscure poem affords both less pleasure and less profit to the reader. – For the same reason, some notes have been added’

Question 25

What does Grainger disingenuously say about the cultivation of sugar cane?

Answer 25

‘Thrice happy he, to whom such fields are given! / For him the Cane with little labour grows’

Question 26

When was Dryden’s translation of Virgil’s ‘Georgics’ published?

Answer 26

1697

Question 27

What line in Virgil’s Georgics, book 1, creates a parallelism between the poet and the agricultural labourer?

Answer 27

‘Pity the Poet and the Ploughman’s cares’

Question 28

What does Joseph Addison say about Georgics compared with the other poems of Virgil in his ‘Essay on Georgics’?

Answer 28

Georgics ‘fall under the class of poetry which consists in giving plain and direct Instructions to the Reader’

Question 29

What does Kowaleski Wallace argue about ‘The Rape of the Lock’ and the role of the sylphs?

Answer 29

‘the poem is designed to mock those who would believe in dancing teacups, sylphs, or even the agency of women themselves as vital matter’

Question 30

What does Salma argue the titular ‘Rape’ is in ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Answer 30

‘As the materials and goods present in the setting signify the Empire as synecdoche, the capture of these goods signifies metaphorically the “rape” of the colony by the master rapist.’

Question 31

What does Joseph Addison say about the benefits of trade in his 1711 article in ‘The Spectator’ on the Royal Exchange?

Answer 31

‘Trade, without enlarging the British Territories, has given us a kind of additional empire’

Question 32

What does Addison say in the Spectator on the Royal Exchange about the interconnected agency of traded goods?

Answer 32

‘The Food often grows in one Country, and the Sauce in another’

Question 33

What does Addison say about the benefits of importing foreign goods rather than venturing abroad?

Answer 33

‘whilst we enjoy the remotest Products of the North and South, we are free from those Extremities of Weather which give them birth’

Question 34

What phrase from ‘The Rape of the Lock’ could be seen to associate the sylphs with slaves?

Answer 34

They ‘contrive it all’

Question 35

What does Grainger exclaim in the last book of ‘The Sugar-Cane’?

Answer 35

‘Might commerce, hail!’

Question 36

What line in ‘The Sugar-Cane’’s preface implies a capitalist commodification of new poetic images?

Answer 36

‘whatever hand copied [the country’s] appearances’

Question 37

What is noted of a Sylph who falls into a chocolate mixer?

Answer 37

‘the wretch shall feel / The giddy motion of the whirling mll, / […] And tremble at the sea that froths below’