Collision Theory Flashcards
what is the formula for reaction rate
amount of substance used or produced
—————————————-
Time Taken
what happens as the gradient gets smaller
reaction slows down until it stops at 0
what is the collision theory
describes chemical reaction in terms of collisions between individual reacting particles
what are the 3 conditions that need to be met for a reaction to occur
- individual particles of reacting substance must collide
- collision energy but must greater than or equal to activation energy
- reacting particles must collide at suitable orientation
what is the transition state
point at which original bonds are breaking while new bonds form - it is unstable and only exists for a short time until it decomposes and new products/original reactant form
what does the potential energy profile show
the change in potential energy for reacting particles as the approach
what is potential energy
the lost kinetic energy caused when the approaching particles repel (with enough KE, particles collide therefore have high potential enregy)
what is the activation energy
minimum collision energy required to form transition state - higher when rectant bonds are strong because they need to break
discuss hwo conentration affects reaction rate
increases amount of particles therefore increase change of possible collision
discuss hwo gas pressure affects reaction rate
decreases volume of container, particles get closer therefore collision frequency increases
discuss hwo temperature affects reaction rate
increased kinetic energy so more collsions have higher or equal activation energy therefore more collisions
discuss hwo state of subdividsion affects reaction rate
particles only collide on surface so with higher surfae area reaction rate increases
discuss hwo catalysts affects reaction rate
lowers actviation energy so more particles can achieve it
