Collectivisation Flashcards
What policy did Collectivisation end?
The New Economic Policy.
Who introduced Collectivisation?
Joseph Stalin.
What was the purpose of Stalin’s agricultural and industrial plans?
To modernize the USSR and follow a socialist path.
What ideological goal was behind Collectivisation?
To socialize the peasantry and proletarianize society.
What political reason motivated Collectivisation?
To destroy the mir (peasant communes).
How did economic factors justify Collectivisation?
To address the grain procurement crisis and support the Five-Year Plan.
When was Collectivisation introduced?
In 1928.
What percentage of farms were collectivised by 1929?
Less than 5%.
How did Stalin perceive the role of kulaks in the grain crisis?
He believed they were hoarding grain.
What did Stalin announce in December 1929?
The liquidation of kulaks as a class.
What group was tasked with enforcing Collectivisation?
The Twenty-Five Thousanders.
How did local officials react to denouncing kulaks?
They were often reluctant.
What decree was issued on February 1, 1930?
Local parties could use ‘necessary measures’ against kulaks.
What was a common peasant response to Collectivisation?
Riots and destroying livestock or grain.
By March 1930, what percentage of households were collectivised?
58%.
What article did Stalin write in response to rapid collectivisation?
‘Dizzy with Success.’
What temporary change followed this article?
A return to voluntary collectivisation.
By October 1930, what percentage of farms remained collectivised?
20%.
When did Collectivisation resume at full speed?
In 1931, after the spring crop was sown.
By what year was 100% of households collectivised?
By 1941.
How did some peasants resist?
By rioting and destroying property.
How long did one major riot last?
Five days.
What role did propaganda play?
It encouraged peasants to support Collectivisation and vilified kulaks.
How did Collectivisation affect agricultural efficiency?
Larger plots were expected to be more efficient and mechanised.
