Collaborative Governace Flashcards
What may bring about complexity in the policy process
Limited finances
Competing ideas and tensions
Time
Easy to form public opinion with social media
Not responding well to principles of democratic capitalism
Does policy undermine the principle of a free market
Can’t make policy fast enough
Digital world- public opinion can be shaped
Policy is not responsive enough
Where is policy nowadays
Moved away from traditional policy making at Westminster of linear process that supposedly was rational but became rather irrational
If policy makers don’t understand the problem why don’t they bring different stakeholders in
Implementation stands more of a chance if relevant stakeholders are brought in form the beginning
What are the different kinds of interest groups
Insider groups
Ascribed a legitimate status by governments and are accordingly involved in decision making
Outsider groups
Unable to achieve a favourable position and do not become engaged
What questions are raised with the pluralistic landscape
Where is the transparency
Legitimacy
Accountability
What drives collaborative governance
Response to the failures of downstream inplementation
Formal process
Avoids high cost
Expands democratic participation
Restores rationality
What is pluralism and the policy marketplace
Non governmental groups use their resources to exert influence
All stakeholder groups have an equal chance to have their say
Organisations that compromise the market enter the policy making domain
All stakeholders have an equal chance to make their say
What are the benefits of collaborative governance
Sells to avoid the high cost of adversarial decision making
Expand democratic participation
Restore rationality
Real risk that approaches of CG are a tokenistic venture, has the tbf already made up its mind?
Shifting towards a more networked society
What are stakeholder interactions
Policy networks consist of a variety of actors who depend on each other to achieve desired public outcomes
- complexities arise because of the stakeholders involved
- depend on each other to get listened to
- potential bias in outcome
- slow decision making process
- work through consultation to get agreement
What are some key points regarding doing CG
Deliberation is necessary to unlock collaborative advantage
Get a decision making process that encapsulates the views and needs of a wide range of stakeholders
Principled engagement
Potential dark side to deliberation
What is the key challenge to CG
Can’t involve all organisations and business fields
What is a framework for CG
Discovery- shared issue understanding
Definition- stakeholder work together to define objective
Deliberation- candid + reasoned communication
Determination- quality of decisions made
Stakeholders are not often on the same page when brought together
Facilitation of CG
Tell me about the Heathrow expansion
10 week public consultation
2 parts to consultation
First relating to physical changes
Second relating to potential principles that could be applied when designing the new airspace
Our consultations are vital to help ensure everyone shared in the beliefs of Heathrow’s expansion
Stakeholders given a brochures that details all options and is easy to understand
What is the cg process at Heathrow
Early engagement Consultation 1 Ongoing engagement Consultation 2 Further engagement
What do ansell and gash say about CG
Brings together multiple stakeholders in common forums to engage in consensus orientated decision making
A governing arrangement where one or more public agencies directly engage non state stakeholders in collective decision making process that is final, consensus orientated and deliberative and that aims to make it implement public policy or mange public programmes or assets
What are the starting conditions for CG outlined by ansell and gash can eithe facilitate or discourage cooperation
Power and resource imbalances
Incentives to participate
Prehistory of antagonism and cooperation we
What is the importance of facilitative leadership
Critical ingredient for bringing parties to the table
Critical of setting and maintaining clear ground rules, building trust, facilitator in dialogue and exploring mutual gains
What must collaborative leaders do?
Promote broad rules and active participation
Ensure broad based control and influence
Facilitate productive group dynamics
Extend the scope of the process
What are the elements of the collaborative process that ansell and gash identify
Face to face dialogue Trust building Commitment to the process Shared understanding Intermediate outcomes
What does crompton (2017) say about deliberative priority setting
Aims to combine the social insight of stakeholders with the technical evidence through structured deliberation
Deliberation may have a dark side
Good facilitation is key to managing power plays
What are the 2 factors facilitators of DPS need to address
Data must be communicated clearly so that stakeholders understand it
Asymmetries of knowledge need to be minimised
What does crompton find about the problems associated with the deliberative priority setting of cancer pathways
Set up meeting
Stakeholders given little ability to question the data
Given data which they struggled to understand
Difficult to find a common language
Some stakeholders were reluctant to share views
Power and status inequalities
Poor translation of technical information
Asymmetries of knowledge together with power and status inequalities created limited deliberation
What recommendations does crompton make
The facilitator should translate and disseminate data
Data should be presented to stakeholders in the simplest form possible
Facilitators need to uphold social deliberative elements of DPS
What are the problems crompton identifies with DPS
Epistemological differences can complicate decision making
Power and status inequalities
Poor translation of technical data
Asymmetries of knowledge together with power and status inequalities created limited deliberation
What donpolicy networks consist of
A variety of actors who all have their own goals and strategies but are dependant on each other the achieve desired public policy outcomes
