Cole H. Flashcards
Parliment
the law-making body in England
The Great Awakening
- renewed interest in religion
- developed during the 1730s-1740s
The Magna Carta
- a document written in 1215
- it restricted the powers of the English ruler
The Glorious Revolution
-King James was removed from power and replaced by his daughter as ruler of England
Legislature
-group of people who make laws
Bill of Rights
-a written list of freedoms
The English Bill of Rights
- guaranteed the powers of the Parliment and the basic rights of English citizens such as trail by jury and cannot be jailed without being charged
Racism
-belief that one race is superior over others
Slave Codes
-laws that restricted the activities of slaves
Middle Passage
-the transport of African slaves across the Atlantic Ocean
Libel
-publishing harmful statements about a person
John Peter Zenger
- was put on trail for libel
- his trail helped to establish freedom of speech in colonies
The Navigation Acts
- laws passed to support mercantilism
- benefited the colonies but colonies began to resent them
Middle Passage
-the transport of African slaves across the Atlantic Ocean
Libel
-publishing harmful statements about a person
John Peter Zenger
- was put on trail for libel
- his trail helped to establish freedom of speech in colonies
Gentry Class
- the upper class of colonial society
- Ex. wealthy planters, merchants, ministers, royal officials, and successful lawyers
Apprentice
-someone who learns trade by working for someone in that trade for a certain period of time
Indentured Servant
-a person who signs a contract to work from 4 to 10 years in the colonies for anyone who would pay for his or her ocean passage to the Americas
Benjamin Franklin
- best-loved colonial writer
- wrote Poor Richard ‘s Almanack
- he was also a businessman, community leader, scientist, inventor, and diplomat
The Enlightenment
-a philosophic movement of the 18th century marked by a rejection of traditional social, religious, and political ideas
Divine Rights
-the belief that monarchs get their authority to rule directly from God
Natural Rights
-rights that belong to every human being from birth
Salutary Neglect
-British did not strictly enforce trade laws with the colonies. The colonies created their own governments and laws. Later on, the British became stricter in enforcement of their laws, and that resulted in the American Revolution
Separation of Powers
-division of the power of government into separate branches
Land Ownership
- Determined what class you were
- Gentry
- Middle
- Indentured Servants
- Allowed you to vote and run if you were rich
Baron de Montesquieu
- A french thinker, who influenced American ideas
- He argued that the powers of the government should be clearly defined and limited
Executive Branch
-branch to enforce laws
Legislative Branch
-branch to make laws
