Cold War

Question 1

how much did USA give to greece?

Answer 1

$400 mlln

Question 2

what caused blockade?

Answer 2

deutschmark
w ger. was seen as richer
bizonia
LASTED 10 MONTHS 48-49

Question 3

FRG

GDR

Answer 3

1949

Question 4

consq. of blockade

Answer 4

stalin humiliated
west/USA seen as strong
FRG/GDR
NATO

Question 5

airlift facts

Answer 5

13,00o tons of supplies in 24hrs at peak
1 plan per 3 mins
medecine etc.

Question 6

consq. of truman doctrine

Answer 6

cominform 1947

Question 7

consq. of comecon Jan 1949

Answer 7

NATO Apr 1949

warsaw pact 1955

Question 8

arms race

Answer 8

USA detonate atomic bomb 1945 -?> hiroshima
USSR detonate atomic bomb -> 1949
USA detonate H bomb -> 1952
USSR detonate H bomb -> 1953
MAD -> deterred war
USSR catching up

Question 9

consq. of warsaw pact

Answer 9

hungarian uprising 1956

tensions with west

Question 10

rakosi’s rule

Answer 10

russion skl/street signs
falling living standards
no free speech
collective farms
AVOs
stepped down for "health" reasosn

Question 11

berlin wall refugee facts

e. ger.

Answer 11

1000 oer day in 1960
4 mlln 1945-61
young professionals

Question 12

berlin ultimatum

Answer 12

1958

Question 13

einsenhower invites khrushchev

Answer 13

1959

Question 14

paris summit

Answer 14

1960
USSR shot down U2 USA spy plane before conference
USA didnt apologise
khrushchev stormed out
high tensions
vienna summit planned

Question 15

vienna summit

Answer 15

1961
khrushchev tried to intimidate by increasing defence budget by 30%
kennedy increased military spending by $3.5 blln
high tensions

Question 16

gero’s rule

Answer 16

unpopular
removed after large student demonstration
soviet books were burnt there

Question 17

naggy’s rule

Answer 17

withdraw soviet troops
leave WP
AVOs abolished
free elections
private farmland
free speech
hungarian street signs

Question 18

what happened to naggy?

Answer 18

arrested and executed

acted as a deterrent

Question 19

hungarian uprising

facts

Answer 19

1956
troops + tanks -> shot at peaceful protesters
3000 hungarians killed
200,000 fled to austria

Question 20

who replaced naggy?

Answer 20

kadar

Question 21

consq. of jfk berlin visit

Answer 21

reinforced usa commitment to w. ger./berlin

usa seen as a country of freedom

Question 22

describe batista

Answer 22

used by usa govt.
cubans suffered
removed by castro in rev. 1959

Question 23

cuban rev. consq.

Answer 23

usa sanctions
refused to buy sugar/refine oil
fire sprayed on sugar plantations
cuba communist
oct -> blockade
USA spy plane shot down over cuba
DEAFCON 2
prep for WW3

Question 24

soviet response to cuba

Answer 24

$100 mlln loan
refined oil
anadyr -> missiles in cuba

Question 25

bay of pigs

Answer 25

1962 CIA trained rebels failed -> kennedy humiliated mongoose

Question 26

telegram 1 + 2

Answer 26

usa to leave cuba alone usa remove turkey and ussr remove cuba agreed secretly china split

Question 27

detente

Answer 27

hotline -> moscow + washington | privacy with problems

Question 28

limited test ban treaty

Answer 28

1963 | only test nuclear missiles under ground

Question 29

outer space treaty

Answer 29

1967 no nuclear weapons in space usa + ussr meet up in space

Question 30

nuclear non-proliferation treaty

Answer 30

1968 | superpowers cant give nuclear tech to other countries

Question 31

prague spring

Answer 31

1968 novotny's reforms failed to solve falling living standards brezhnev replaced him with dubcek to prevent rebellion human face

Question 32

dubcek reforms

Answer 32

``` free speech democratic elections reduce secret police powers more western travel workers councils ```

Question 33

brezhnev reaction to prague spring

Answer 33

doctrine -> 68, cant revert to capitalism, follow ussr's way worried CZ would leave WP and threaten economy spread of these ideals to poland/ e. ger. invaded with 500,000 troops in august 80-200 killed

Question 34

brezhnev comes to power

Answer 34

1964

Question 35

nixon comes to power

Answer 35

1969

Question 36

nixon visits moscow

Answer 36

1972 | arms race stopped temporarily in detente

Question 37

SALT 1

Answer 37

``` 1972 no more ballistic missiles (short range) 1 AMB succcessful limitation reassured MAD froe arms race ```

Question 38

SALT 2

Answer 38

``` 1979 reduce nuclear warheads to 2250 ban new ICBM launchers to last until 1985 failed due to afghan invasion in 1979 on x-mass USA thought USSR wasnt serious ```

Question 39

helskinki accords

Answer 39

``` 1975 USA, USSR + 33 others security -> USSR accept w. ger. cooperation -> economic/culture links human rights -> free speech, religion, unfair arrest ```

Question 40

afghan invasion

Answer 40

1979 x-mass remove amin to stop instablility spreading end of detente -> tension, carter doctrine

Question 41

carter doctrine

Answer 41

``` 1980 condemned invasion use military force for interests in persian gulf economic sanctions on USSR funded mujahideen ```

Question 42

SDI

Answer 42

``` restarted arms race satellites to intercept soviet missiles as a shield "star wars" gave USA adv. -> could strike 1st# scared USSR ```

Question 43

INF treaty

Answer 43

``` 1987 remove intermediate range nuclear missiles from europe 2692 weapons destroyed usa kept SDI lead to end of cold war WP/NATO less relevant ```

Question 44

gorbachev's new policies

Answer 44

abandoned brezhnev doctrine e. european countries can chose own govts free polish elections -> solidarity hungary open borders to austria

Question 45

perestroika

Answer 45

restructure economy to include free market reforms

Question 46

glasnost

Answer 46

openness | free speech

Question 47

germany reunified

Answer 47

1990 | full NATO member