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History > Cold War > Flashcards

Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

how much did USA give to greece?

A

$400 mlln

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2
Q

what caused blockade?

A

deutschmark
w ger. was seen as richer
bizonia
LASTED 10 MONTHS 48-49

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3
Q

FRG

GDR

A

1949

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4
Q

consq. of blockade

A

stalin humiliated
west/USA seen as strong
FRG/GDR
NATO

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5
Q

airlift facts

A

13,00o tons of supplies in 24hrs at peak
1 plan per 3 mins
medecine etc.

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6
Q

consq. of truman doctrine

A

cominform 1947

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7
Q

consq. of comecon Jan 1949

A

NATO Apr 1949

warsaw pact 1955

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8
Q

arms race

A 
USA detonate atomic bomb 1945 -?> hiroshima
USSR detonate atomic bomb -> 1949
USA detonate H bomb -> 1952
USSR detonate H bomb -> 1953
MAD -> deterred war
USSR catching up
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9
Q

consq. of warsaw pact

A

hungarian uprising 1956

tensions with west

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10
Q

rakosi’s rule

A 
russion skl/street signs
falling living standards
no free speech
collective farms
AVOs
stepped down for "health" reasosn
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11
Q

berlin wall refugee facts

e. ger.

A

1000 oer day in 1960
4 mlln 1945-61
young professionals

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12
Q

berlin ultimatum

A

1958

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13
Q

einsenhower invites khrushchev

A

1959

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14
Q

paris summit

A 
1960
USSR shot down U2 USA spy plane before conference
USA didnt apologise
khrushchev stormed out
high tensions
vienna summit planned
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15
Q

vienna summit

A

1961
khrushchev tried to intimidate by increasing defence budget by 30%
kennedy increased military spending by $3.5 blln
high tensions

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16
Q

gero’s rule

A

unpopular
removed after large student demonstration
soviet books were burnt there

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17
Q

naggy’s rule

A 
withdraw soviet troops
leave WP
AVOs abolished
free elections
private farmland
free speech
hungarian street signs
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18
Q

what happened to naggy?

A

arrested and executed

acted as a deterrent

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19
Q

hungarian uprising

facts

A

1956
troops + tanks -> shot at peaceful protesters
3000 hungarians killed
200,000 fled to austria

20
Q

who replaced naggy?

A

kadar

21
Q

consq. of jfk berlin visit

A

reinforced usa commitment to w. ger./berlin

usa seen as a country of freedom

22
Q

describe batista

A

used by usa govt.
cubans suffered
removed by castro in rev. 1959

23
Q

cuban rev. consq.

A 
usa sanctions
refused to buy sugar/refine oil
fire sprayed on sugar plantations
cuba communist
oct -> blockade
USA spy plane shot down over cuba
DEAFCON 2
prep for WW3
24
Q

soviet response to cuba

A

$100 mlln loan
refined oil
anadyr -> missiles in cuba

25
Q

bay of pigs

A

1962
CIA trained rebels
failed -> kennedy humiliated
mongoose

26
Q

telegram 1 + 2

A

usa to leave cuba alone
usa remove turkey and ussr remove cuba
agreed secretly
china split

27
Q

detente

A

hotline -> moscow + washington

privacy with problems

28
Q

limited test ban treaty

A

1963

only test nuclear missiles under ground

29
Q

outer space treaty

A

1967
no nuclear weapons in space
usa + ussr meet up in space

30
Q

nuclear non-proliferation treaty

A

1968

superpowers cant give nuclear tech to other countries

31
Q

prague spring

A

1968
novotny’s reforms failed to solve falling living standards
brezhnev replaced him with dubcek to prevent rebellion
human face

32
Q

dubcek reforms

A 
free speech
democratic elections
reduce secret police powers
more western travel
workers councils
33
Q

brezhnev reaction to prague spring

A

doctrine -> 68, cant revert to capitalism, follow ussr’s way
worried CZ would leave WP and threaten economy
spread of these ideals to poland/ e. ger.
invaded with 500,000 troops in august
80-200 killed

34
Q

brezhnev comes to power

A

1964

35
Q

nixon comes to power

A

1969

36
Q

nixon visits moscow

A

1972

arms race stopped temporarily in detente

37
Q

SALT 1

A 
1972
no more ballistic missiles (short range)
1 AMB
succcessful limitation
reassured MAD
froe arms race
38
Q

SALT 2

A 
1979 
reduce nuclear warheads to 2250
ban new ICBM launchers
to last until 1985
failed due to afghan invasion in 1979 on x-mass
USA thought USSR wasnt serious
39
Q

helskinki accords

A 
1975
USA, USSR + 33 others
security -> USSR accept w. ger.
cooperation -> economic/culture links
human rights -> free speech, religion, unfair arrest
40
Q

afghan invasion

A

1979
x-mass
remove amin to stop instablility spreading
end of detente -> tension, carter doctrine

41
Q

carter doctrine

A 
1980
condemned invasion
use military force for interests in persian gulf
economic sanctions on USSR
funded mujahideen
42
Q

SDI

A 
restarted arms race
satellites to intercept soviet missiles as a shield
"star wars"
gave USA adv. -> could strike 1st#
scared USSR
43
Q

INF treaty

A 
1987
remove intermediate range nuclear missiles from europe
2692 weapons destroyed
usa kept SDI
lead to end of cold war
WP/NATO less relevant
44
Q

gorbachev’s new policies

A

abandoned brezhnev doctrine
e. european countries can chose own govts
free polish elections -> solidarity
hungary open borders to austria

45
Q

perestroika

A

restructure economy to include free market reforms

46
Q

glasnost

A

openness

free speech

47
Q

germany reunified

A

1990

full NATO member

History (8 decks)

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