cold war

Question 1

american soldier drafted into vietnam

Answer 1

• if went into school didn’t have to fight
• fighting was so hard for americans because the vietcong used guerrilla warfare and traps and surprise attacks
• most soldiers turned to drugs to cope
• most soldiers were low socio economic snd black

Question 2

castro, fidel

Answer 2

• created first communist nation in western hemisphere
• the old leader always took cuba’s sugarcanes and other actions which is why castro rebelled
• castro and khrushchev made an agreement to place nuclear missiles in cuba
• this caused a 13 day standoff where the US didn’t know if cuba would send nuclear arms to USA
• castro allied w/ MPLA which is the communist party in angola

Question 3

Eisenhower, Dwight

Answer 3

• Einsenhower used massive retaliation to deal w/ USSR & China
• In the 1960 U-2 incident, one of eisenhower’s spy planes were shot down however eisenhower claimed it was a weather plane. this increased tensions w/ soviet union
• eisenhower used brinkmanship (punishing each other to the edge) for the nuclear arms race, caused increased tensions
• eisenhower was concerned about the military industrial complex because he thought these military materials will influence and take over other industries

Question 4

Gagarin, Yuri

Answer 4

• first person in space
• soviet space program had vigorous training, ex heat chamber, sensory deprivation
• gagarin was chosen to be first man in space because he was short so he would fit in shuttle, a quick thinker, good face for propaganda
• this journey was important to soviets as they would be the first nation in space, the journey created tensions w/ US

Question 5

gorbachev, mikail

Answer 5

• leader of USSR
• created two policies: perestroika and glasnost
• perestroika: greater reliance on market forces
• glasnost: ease the strict social controls imposed by the government
• these polices cause people to finally be allowed to speak against gov and caused food shortages and inflation
• reagon and him created a nuclear arms treaty which decreased their nuclear arms

Question 6

Ho Chi Minh

Answer 6

• established/reunited communist rule in North Vietnam
• he attacked united states supported south vietnam government
• this fighting resulted in vietnam war
• he was a hero because he reunified vietnam, was figurehead of communism, had city named after him

Question 7

Jiang Jieshi

Answer 7

• capitalist leader of nationalist party
• during chinese civil war, 2 sides, communist party vs nationalist party
• jingo jeishi fled to taiwan when defeated
• the us helped jieshi w/ the chiense civil war
• the us gov supported him just because he was capitalist and they wanted to contain communism

Question 8

johnson, lyndon

Answer 8

• president escalated American involvement in the Vietnam War
• during his time as vice president he was in charge of national aeronautics and space commitee
• he believed in domino theory
• he increased american military personal in vietnam war
• he diffused nuclear tensions

Question 9

mao zedong

Answer 9

• leader of communist party of china and eventually leader of china
• difference between ussr and chinese communism is Soviet Union advocated coexistence with capitalism while China remained determined to pursue a policy of aggression
• in an attempt to introduce a more ‘Chinese’ form of communism, Mao launched the ‘Great Leap Forward which was mass mobilization for industrial products and led to famine and death
• cultural revolution: purged capitalists and rebels from china, led to death and anarchy
• good relationship w / nixon, bad one w/ ussr , suspicious of mao but worked together well in korean war

Question 10

Khrushchev, Nikita

Answer 10

• led soviet union after stalin during the height of the cold war
• created the sion-soviet split because he and china had different ideologies about communism
• khruchev put missiles in cuba which led to the 13 day nuclear tension about nuclear war
• had peaceful coexistence policy with US and its allies
• reformed soviet union away from stalin’s ideas

Question 11

McCarthy, Joseph

Answer 11

• he was the person behind the red scare
• was a marine and a senator for Wisconsin
• mccarthy created witch hunts for communists and he made gov scared of communist control of gov
• lost popular support because he interrogated a marines and that shamed america public

Question 12

Nixon, Richard

Answer 12

• nixon launched internal security act which made the communist party illegal
• ended vietnam war with paris peace accord
• first president to change chinas relationship with use, became not enemies
• detente is relaxation of tensions and nixon used this w ussr

Question 13

Reagan, Ronald

Answer 13

• reagan was a b list actor who testified to HUAC against fellow actors
• he tried winning cold war by sending aid to anti-communist groups
• in iran-contra scandal reagan traded missiles to iranian-backed terrorists and used money to anti-communist contras
• reagan was antagonizing to gorby, told gorby to tear down berlin wall marking the end of the cold war
• reagans star war plan was never completed because it was expensive and not even possible

Question 14

Rhee, Syngman

Answer 14

• Former president (basically a dictator) of south korea
• he led souththren european troops in korean war but had to turn over power to UN
• rhee assassinated communists and was an authoritarian ruler
• had popular support by US because he was capitalist and they wanted to contain communism, he also blackmailed us for a bit

Question 15

Citizen in West Berlin

Answer 15

• was affected by berlin wall crisis
• no food except by airlifts
• communists built it to prevent east germans to move to west
• checkpoint charlie was the best known area to cross the berlin wall and its where soviets checked passports
• people could cross freely when the wall came down which came down because of ronald reagans speech “mr gorby tear down the wall”

Question 16

soviet soldier in afghanistan

Answer 16

• communist soviet soldier fought in afghanistan war
• soviets wanted afghanistan because it was strategic as it was between middle east and asia
• the soviets faced resistance from the mujahidin
• soldiers were underpaid
• ussr spent 2 billion every year on war
• us got involved when they equipped the mujahadin with their weapons

Question 17

vietcong soldier

Answer 17

• communist soldier who fought in vietnam war
• the fighting conditions were not bad as they got food and shelter
• us was fighting vietnam because a platoon accidentally hit their navy boat
• vietnam’s honest mistake but us still fought them
• the vietcong used spy tunnels and were double agents for US which is why they were victorious

Question 18

Walsea, Lech

Answer 18

• polish politician later to be president
• the russians treated poland badly as they took control of free elections, censored things and increased prices on food
• during the cold war, walsea joined the army
• walsea formed the first polish independent trade union called solidarity
• caused too much unrest so soviets made it illegal and it did not sustain but they had it underground
• forced Poland’s government to negotiate with him and other Solidarity leaders and it became legal again

Question 19

Yeltsin, Boris

Answer 19

• president of the newly formed russian federation
• at first was secretary and him and gorby were political rivals as gorby fired him publicly
• yeltsin hated gorby’s rule but when rebels staged a coup against gorby he was there to tell them to stand down the coup
• he dissolved the ussr to the russian federation but when making this change there were economic problems
• yeltsin did have alcoholism and heart problems which caused him to step down

Question 20

Brezhnev, Leonid

Answer 20

• president after khrushchev
• became president after him because no one like khrushchev and there was economic stagnation
• prague spring was czechoslovakia trying to become capitalist but brezhnev reinstated the warsaw pact and sent soviet troops to czechoslovakia which died down any resistance
• the red telephone line was an act of transparency between america and russia on military and nucleic plans which brezhnev made to spread more communism

Question 21

kennedy, john f

Answer 21

• president
• during the berlin crisis Khrushchev gave a threat to the us which is if the Berlin agreement was not achieved by December, the Soviet Union would sign a separate treaty with East Germany which would be bad for the us as they needed access to berlin
• kennedy responds to this by not signing treaty and building a higher army in the us, the berlin wall was constructed and kennedy chose not to make this an issue
• during the cuban missile crisis, he allowed for eisenhower’s plan the bay of the pigs which failed but he took full responsibility for it
• kennedy did not trust his own military for the cuban missile crisis
• before cmc, kennedy and khrushchev were not friends due to the berlin crisis, during the cmc they reached a deal meaning they had a understanding with each other

Question 22

Kennan, George

Answer 22

• Kennan was a soviet specialist and a diplomat at moscow which is why he was trusted on his opinions in russia
• he wrote the long telegram which was 8000 words long that president truman did read. it was about the policy of containment which is keeping communism from spreading
• the long telegram caused the marshall plan to be developed and kept the cold war from being an arms war

Question 23

Kim il sung

Answer 23

• kim was first dictator of north korea
• kim first fled to china and joined chinese guerrilla army and gained stalin’s attention
• kim joined soviet union as minor commander but soviet union appointed him ruler as north korea
• during the korean war, kim led the commanding army.
• kim’s relationship with china was out of convenience as when he broke ties with russia, china began to become his provider
• kims relationship with russia is that during stalin’s time it was good but when stalin died and they started changing communism ideology he separated from them to not ruin his own image of communism In his country

Question 24

Putin, Vladimir

Answer 24

• current president of Russia
• he was part of kgs, secret spies in russia. he was the lieutenant and was an agent for 5 years
• in east germany he was doing an undercover mission
• during the fall of the berlin wall, citizens were about to storm the kgs headquarters so he hired a guard to fire into the crowd which scared the crowd to go away. he also burnt important documents and sent some back to moscow
• he became president as yeltsin appointed him to be after yeltsin resigns
• putin is making russia somewhat soviet again by increasing power of central government, lack of civil liberty for citizens and its an autocratic gov not democratic

Question 25

Rosenberg, Ethel

Answer 25

• Spy for soviet union
• Ethel as a us citizen joined the us communist party
• Ethel married a former us soldier and a russian spy
• Ethel typed up notes about the atomic bomb
• Ethel helped the soviet union because she was ideologically committed to communism. she really believed it would lead to a better life
• when the us gov found out she was executed by an electric chair

Question 26

Stalin, Joseph

Answer 26

• totalitarian dictator during WW2 and beginning of Cold War
• During Russian Revolution he overthrew Tsar Nicholas in the February revolutions
• After Lenins death Stalin was hailed as his successor and takes over Lenin’s communist state
• Stalin creates the 5 year plan which is heavy industrialization but leads to famine
• Stalin acts upon the Great Purge which was to consolidate his own authority and killed anyone who he thought was a threat
• After WW2 Stalin set up communist governments all over the East European countries he owns.
• Churchill makes a speech about the “iron curtain” which is the border between communist countries and capitalist countries in Europe and he warns the US about communist expanding policies Stalin is using which marks the start of the Cold War

Question 27

Truman, Harry

Answer 27

• First US president during cold war
• had no previous experience in foreign policy which proves to be a problem as Truman faced more individual foreign policy challenges in his two terms than any other President post-war
• Truman’s decision to drop bombs on Japan was to intimidate Soviets however Soviets responded by building nukes essentially starts the nuclear arms war
• The Truman Doctrine was to contain communism by providing financial assistance to democratic nations
• This doctrine was effective in some countries such as greece but ineffective in soviet union owned countries
• The Marshall plan gave 13 billion countries to western countries and instilled democratic ideology