Cold War Flashcards
Capitalist policies
Free elections and more than one party Industry and agriculture owned by individuals Employ worker and keep all profits Limits on government interference Freedom of speech and movement
Communism policies
One party state Industry and agriculture owned by state No induvula profit making Government controlled lives Censorship’s on what could be written or said
Why did the Cold War begin
Russian revolution- us had a fear of communism and didn’t want it to spread
USSR weren’t included in the treaty of Veraslies - they help so thought they should get something back
Capitalism vs communism- both sides thought there way of life is right
Arguments over Germany’s land- both side wanted their way of life
Yalta desicions
Declaration of liberated Europe’s free election
USSR gained land due to the change of plamds boarders
Germany split into 4 zones
Reperations collected from each zone
Soviet pows were returned
USSR helped fighting in japan and given land for thank s
UN set up
Lublin government allowed entrance of London piles
Truemans and view on Stalin
Wanted to take a tougher line with Stan,in
Potsdam decisions
Each zone will countinue taking reperations
Denazification
Stalin rejected uk and us attemls to have a greater say in what happened in Eastern Europe
German polish boarders drawn up
Us rejected Stalin’s attempt to have a greater say in running the Ruhr
Us rejected Stalin’s demand to have a greater role in occupation of Japan
Final boarders of zone were drew up
Government of Poland what to be communist
Reasons for dropping atom bombs
Wanted revenge for pear harbour
Wanted to prove superiority
Wanted to force Japan to surrender
Wanted to alarm USSR
Wanted revenge on Japan for cruel treatment of POW
Wanted to prevent further causalities in the war
Spent 2000m developing the bomb so didn’t want to waste it
Effects of bomb on Japan
78000 killed outright by bomb in Hiroshima 140000 died from its effects 70,000 out of 78000 buildings destroyed Residential parts destroyed Bridges destroyed River polluted killing wildlife 80000 killed by bomb in Nagasaki
Effects of bomb on USA
People alarmed by the destruction and many campaigned for countries to disarm - campaign for nuclear disarmament
Increased tension with USSR
Stalin angry at trueman for not telling him about the bomb
Effects of bomb on USSR
Increased tension with us
Bomb marked a betrayal of trust by us and further split war time alliance
Shines the USSR that the USA had the upper hand in terms of military power
USA sent a clear message that the arms race had begun
Effects on Cold War
Many saw armed conflict between superpowers as unthinkable and said to be mutually assured destruction as both sides knew what in the vent of military action the other side now had the power to counter them and strike back
Conflict that developed as a result was Cold War
Why has hostility since 1917 increased tension
Us was capitalist and Russia was communist
Us felt threatened by communism
Russia and us disagreed on how Poland should be run
Why did changes in big three increase tension
Attlee replaced Churchill
Trueman replace Roosevelt
Trueman wanted to take a tougher line against stalin so Stalin became weary
What did decisions made at Yalat and Postdame increase tension
Potsdam- Stalin didn’t want us and uk having say over territory hear USSR
USA and uk didn’t agree with polish boarder
Us didn’t want Stalin having a greater say over the Ruhr
Why did atom bomb increase tension
Russia felt treated during by the atom bomb
Over 140000 died
How did an iron curtain develop
1 - Poland
2- Romania and Bulgaria
3- Hungary
4- Czechoslovakia
Poland and iron curtain
June 1945 some London likes were allowed into Lublin government
Elections held in jan 1947
Elections were rigged and Lublin communist won minority
Leader of London poles, mikalaczyh fled fearing his life
Poland had no other party’s so became communist
Romania and Bulgaria and iron curtain
Romaniax red army set up a coalition government run by communist
Feb 1945 a soviet politicon went against Yalta agreement and ordered king to appoint a new pm chosen by stalin. When the king argued the so,views intimidated him, pm was put in place, monarchy abolished in 1947
Bulgaria- red army entered in 1944
Nov 1945 communist seeized control and held elections that were rigged and communists won
Sit q946 communism abo9oshed monarchy
Hungary and iron curtain
Allowed free elections in November 1945 but communists only received 20% of vote
Stalin ignored the people and imposed a communist government
Election in aug 1947 were rigged and communist won
By November non communist party’s were banned and soviets had control
Czech and iron curtain
Allowed communists and non communist to run in 1945
1945 elections communists won 38% of vote
Communist sailed power before the 1948 elections as they were scared to lose
Many non communist were arranged, foreign minster was modern
Rigged the 1948 elections
What was the trueman doctrine
Set of ideas laid down by trueman to help support countries against communist influence. Wanted to contain communism and not allow it to spread and provided finance for countries under threat
Results of trueman doctrine
By 194o threat to Greece was gone
Turkey avoided communism
Showed that the USA wasn’t going to isolate itself
Showed that trueman wanted communism to stop
Problems post war Europe faced
Homeless Cost of rebuking homes Damage to infrastructure Debts from war effort Refugees Shortage of food,fuel,clothing
What was Marshall plan
Part of European recovery program whet the USA lent money, aid and resources to countries who has been damaged by the war
