Cold War

Question 1

Define satellite state.

Answer 1

A country that is officially independent but in reality is controlled by another country.

Question 2

What did the USSR do between 1947-49?

Answer 2

Extended influence over Eastern Europe turning countries such as Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland into satellite states.

Question 3

What did Stalin think of the Marshall Plan?

Answer 3

‘Dollar Imperalism’- the Americans were trying to buy influence over Europe as any country that accepted would become an American ally.

Question 4

How did Stalin prevent Europe all becoming America ally?

Answer 4

Extended his control over Europe, creating a series of satellite states.

Question 5

What began Stalin taking control of countries in Eastern Europe?

Answer 5

Emerged from spheres of influence talk discussed at Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam.

Question 6

What did Stalin originally agree to in relation to the satellite states?

Answer 6

Agreed to free elections in these countries, hoping most people would naturally choose communism.

Question 7

What happened after the satellite states had free elections?

Answer 7

Most did not choose communism so the ussr pushed for new free elections that they rigged- once in power they removed opposition and kept each country a single party state.

Question 8

How did the USSR keep control in the satellite states?

Answer 8

Making sure Communist party in each state had leaders that would obey Moscow
Creating an atmosphere of fear and mistrust so those who wanted to oppose soviets didn’t trust each other enough to work together
Using army and police to stamp on opposition
Arranging economies so they were dependent on ussr by rationalising industries to stop the satellites being self sufficient.

Question 9

When was Yugoslavia taken over by communists?

Answer 9

Taken over led by Marshall Tito in 1945.

Question 10

What were the relations like between the USSR and Yugoslavia after it had been taken over in 1945?

Answer 10

Tito worked well originally but he wanted to run it himself not follow orders as a satellite state. Tito split in 1948 and took aid from the Marshall Plan.

Question 11

When did communists take over Albania?

Answer 11

1945- had least opposition to being a satellite state.

Question 12

What are the Baltic states?

Answer 12

Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

Question 13

What happened to the Baltic states after the war?

Answer 13

Became part of the Soviet Union and weren’t satellite states, they were included.

Question 14

Who was given East Germany to administer?

Answer 14

USSR.

Question 15

What happened in east Germany in 1949?

Answer 15

After ‘free’ elections, it announced it was a separate country to the other three German zones.

Question 16

What did east Germany become known as in 1949?

Answer 16

The German Democratic Republic.

Question 17

What happened in June 1953 in east Germany?

Answer 17

Demonstrations against communist policies broke out but were crushed by soviet troops.

Question 18

What happened in 1944 in Bulgaria?

Answer 18

Coalition of left wing parties including communists took over.

Question 19

What happened in Bulgaria in 1945 with the free elections?

Answer 19

The communists won by intimidation, they then abolished all other parties and executed anyone who looked able to oppose them.

Question 20

What happened in Hungary in 1945?

Answer 20

1945- free elections were held but communists did not win enough seats to come to power.
1947- after ‘free’ elections managed by intimidation the communists came to power.