Cold War

Question 1

What does NATO stand for?

Answer 1

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Question 2

NATO members in Cold War

Answer 2

US, UK, France, Italy, Norway, Portugal (Spain, Greece, Turkey, & West Germany joined during)

Question 3

Warsaw Pact

Answer 3

Military alliance with Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania

Question 4

Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 4

1962 13 day confrontation where Soviets were spotted building missiles in Cuba. Kennedy and Khrushchev agreed to end by US taking missiles out of Turkey.

Question 5

Who is Castro?

Answer 5

Communist Cuban leader from 1959-2008. US failed attempts to overthrow (Bay of Pigs 1961)

Question 6

Who is Khrushchev?

Answer 6

Soviet Union leader after Stalin. 1958-64 (during Cuban Missile Crisis and space program)

Question 7

Who is Mao Zedong?

Answer 7

Founded People’s Republic of China. Created the disastrous Great Leap Forward

Question 8

Iron Curtain

Answer 8

Separated Soviet Union & Allies from non communist nations

Question 9

Bay of Pigs

Answer 9

Failed invasion by the Cuban exiles and US in attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro. Planned by Eisenhower executed by Kennedy. Pushed Cuba closer to the Soviet Union.

Question 10

Berlin Airlift

Answer 10

1948-1949 Soviet forces blockaded rail, road, and water access to Allied-controlled areas of Berlin. The United States and United Kingdom responded by airlifting food and fuel to Berlin from Allied airbases in western Germany.

Question 11

Marshall Plan

Answer 11

1948 Truman signed $13.3 billion aid to rebuild Europe’s economy. Soviet Union forced Romania and Poland to refuse.

Question 12

satellite states

Answer 12

a country that is formally independent but is under the control or influence of another country (Ex. Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and East Germany)

Question 13

Brinkmanship

Answer 13

political strategy that involves pushing a situation to the brink of disaster to force an opponent to concede

Question 14

Domino Theory

Answer 14

a political and military idea that if one country falls to communism, neighboring countries will follow.

Question 15

Detente

Answer 15

the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries.

Question 16

Space Race

Answer 16

period of competition over space exploration between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. during the Cold War.

Question 17

laissez-faire

Answer 17

policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering

Question 18

communism

Answer 18

political, economic, and philosophical ideology that aims to create a classless society where the means of production are owned by the public

Question 19

social democracy

Answer 19

frequently considered a practical middle course between capitalism and socialism. Social democracy aims to use democratic collective action for promoting freedom and equality in the economy and opposes what is seen as inequality and oppression that laissez-faire capitalism causes.

Question 20

capitalism

Answer 20

an economic system where private individuals and organizations own the means of production, and the market determines prices and distribution of goods

Question 21

Revolutions

Answer 21

attempt by a large group of people to overthrow a government and replace it with a new one. Ex- Hungarian 1956 against communism. Ex- Cuban Revolution to communism by Fidel Castro 1959

Question 22

Proxy War

Answer 22

Military conflict where a third party supports one side in the conflict to influence the outcome. Ex. Korean, Vietnam, ect