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US History 2 Final > cold war > Flashcards

cold war Flashcards

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1
Q

foreign policy

A

dictates how a country will act with respedct to other countries politically, socially, economically, and militarily

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2
Q

goal of us foreign policy

A

to promote our own self interests

to create a more secure, democratic, and propserous world for the benefit of the american people and the international community

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3
Q

what countries are we concerned about

A

germany and poland because they’re under russian control

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4
Q

how did the relationship between us and russia switch

A

allies to rivals

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5
Q

ussr

A

union of soviet socialist republics, made up of 15 nations with russia as the central nation

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6
Q

how is germany split

A

us takes germany from the west and russia takes the east

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7
Q

bolshevik revoluton

A

During the Russian Revolution, the Bolsheviks, led by leftist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, seized power and destroyed the tradition of czarist rule. The Bolsheviks would later become the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

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8
Q

what is the cold war

A

rivalry between 2 most powerful allies from ww2

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9
Q

when was the cold war

A

1945-1989

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10
Q

when did the ussr dissolve

A

1991

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11
Q

what was the centerpiece of us foreign policy during the this time period

A

russian relations and the cold war

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12
Q

what is A cold war

A

a rivalry fought out diplomatically, economically, propagandistically

they do not directly engage in military combat

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13
Q

why is the cold war cold and not hot

A

because of nuclear weapons, didnt want to start a nuclear war

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14
Q

what are the 2 indirect/proxy wars we fight with russia

A

korea 1950-53
vietnam (french indo china)

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15
Q

roots of the cold war (4)

A
  • ingrained mutual distrust
  • national security
  • conflicting ideologies
  • arms race (nuclear weapons)
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16
Q

socialism states

A

owns production and distribution of goods

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17
Q

why do we care about the russian economy

A

they have a closed market so we can’t trade with tehm

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18
Q

who created communism

A

karl marx

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19
Q

if it’s a perfect world why is communism great

A

because everyone is created equal and there’s a board of people who equally distribute resources to everyone

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20
Q

world revolution

A

once you become communist get the other countries communist so all the countries and eventually the whole world is communist

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21
Q

eastern buffer zone

A

Despite the promises made by Stalin at the Yalta Conference to allow free elections, he had in fact started turning Eastern Europe into a buffer zone. between the USSR and Western Europe. Stalin feared that Eastern Europe could be the doorway for an attack on the USSR by the West

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22
Q

why did stalin feel like he was owed the eastern buffer zone`

A

because he lost 20 mil lives and infrastructure in ww2 vs us lost 400 thousand lives and had no infrastructure damage

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23
Q

what did truman think of the eastern buffer zone

A

despite the inequality in ww2 losses, russia joined the allied forces and agreed to the war aims designed by the us and british consequently

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24
Q

atlantic charter 1941

A

said stuff about uk and us war aims like they were not planning to gain any territory and other stuff like that

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25
Q

yalta conference 1945

A

the Big Three leaders finalized their plans for defeating Germany and the assigning of Occupation Zones in Germany to be controlled by the victorious powers

❖ The USSR wanted Germany to pay high reparations; Britain and the USA disagreed. ❖ Britain and the USA wanted Germany to recover, whereas the USSR wanted to keep Germany weak

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26
Q

self determination

A

the process by which a country determines its own statehood and forms its own allegiances and government

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27
Q

iron curtain speech

A

kinda a propoganda thing where churchill (good reputability so people believed him) came to us to say that russia and communism bad and were threat to peace and security

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28
Q

how did soviet union respond to nato

A

they created the warsaw pact

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29
Q

warsaw pact

A

The Warsaw Pact provided for a unified military command and the systematic ability to strengthen the Soviet hold over the other participating countries

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30
Q

george f kennan

A

George F. Kennan authored the concept of containment, according to which the United States should “contain” Soviet expansionism but should not use, or threaten to use, force to remove the communist regime

worried that soviet union would overthrow some western countries

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31
Q

containment

A

wanted to contain russia’s power and the spread of communism

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32
Q

how was containment enforced

A

with nato

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33
Q

truman doctrine

A

we should give support to people threatened by soviets or communism

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34
Q

marshall plan

A

proposed that the United States provide economic assistance to restore the economic infrastructure of postwar Europe

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35
Q

nato

A

north atlantic treaty organization

created to provide security against the soviet union

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36
Q

what is the order of these three events:
nato, truman doctrine, marshall plan

A

truman doctrine

marshall plan

nato

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37
Q

where was the targeted region of marshall plan

A

western europe

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38
Q

what two countries was truman doctrine geared towards

A

greece and turkey

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39
Q

do we offer the marshall plan to russia

A

yes and even though they need the money they decline it because of their big fat egos

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40
Q

why does russia not agree with the atlantic charter

A

because they do want to get more land

41
Q

what controversial people to we employ to spy on russia

A

nazis

42
Q

kgb

A

like russian cia

43
Q

berlin airlift

A

airlifting food and fuel to Berlin from Allied airbases in western Germany. The crisis ended on May 12, 1949, when Soviet forces lifted the blockade on land access to western Berlin.

44
Q

mao zedong

A

communist leader of china

45
Q

what was the berlin airlift in response to

A

the blockade

46
Q

what side was us backing in korean war

A

south korea

47
Q

what side was ussr backing in korean war

A

north korea

48
Q

who did us send to korea

A

general macarthur, but through nato so not direct involvement

49
Q

who did russia send to korea

A

russian troops

50
Q

macarthur

A

the guy who was in korea and kinda made a major oopsies

he also put down the bonus march from a wee bit ago

51
Q

what booboo does macarthur make

A

so we’re like winning but macathur is like i’m going up further north and truman is like no hold your ground but he goes anyways, all the way up to the yaloo river and then the chinese are like wtf man and we’re pushed right back to the 38th parallel so all of our effeort was wasted

52
Q

truman loyalty program

A

signed the executive order to root out communists in da govt

53
Q

loyalty review board

A

A board established under President Truman that investigated government employees and dismissed those who were found to be disloyal to the U.S. government

54
Q

huac

A

house of unamerican activities committee

investigate alleged disloyalty and rebel activities on the part of private citizens, public employees and organizations suspected of having Communist ties

55
Q

subversion

A

the undermining of the power and authority of an established system or institution.

56
Q

alger hiss and whittaker chambers

A

Whittaker Chambers, a former US Communist Party member, testified under subpoena before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) that Hiss had secretly been a communist while in federal service. Hiss categorically denied the charge and subsequently sued Chambers for libel

hiss was convicted and sent to prison

57
Q

pumpkin papers

A

so basically alger hiss had handcopied state department documents with important information on them and then whittaker chambers is like they’re in a pumpkin and they actually were

58
Q

julius and ethel rosenberg

A

a married couple that gave russians atomic bomb secrets allegedly. julius most likely did but ethel probably didnt

sentenced to death

american civilians sentenced to death for espionage

59
Q

what was the effect of the rosenbergs

A

reinforced the public’s fear of communist infiltration

60
Q

who brought down the rosenbergs

A

her brother greenglass

61
Q

how did conservative politicians use fear of communism to their advantage

A

painted all social changes as a communist threat

62
Q

what were some things viewed as communist threats

A

sexual freedom
homosexuality
civil rights
subversive textbooks

63
Q

why were the pumplin papers important to nixon

A

because he was only a california congressman and this kinda propelled him

64
Q

joseph mccarthy

A

republican senator from wisconsin who was like i have a list of 205 names of communists in the government and he kinda just ran off that

65
Q

why is wheeling west virginia significant

A

its where mccarthy had his speech

66
Q

who does mccarthy focus on in his wheeling speech

A

state department, specifically dean acheson he said employed communists knowingly

67
Q

why was it significant that mccarthy first attacked the state department

A

because the state department is in charge of foreign policy

68
Q

what is significant about mccarthy’s list

A

205 names but he never releases a single one because my guy is a class act phony

69
Q

mccarthy is a republican, what does his party think of him

A

they are split
majority think he’s useful to attack the democrats
but some think that he’s driving the country apart

70
Q

mccarythyism

A

baseless accusations targeting high ranking government officials and other americans of conspiracy and communism

71
Q

what was the extent of mccarthy’s power at his peak

A

controlled personnel policy at the state department aka he could get peeps fired

72
Q

how did politicians view mccarthy

A

they were scared of him because they could lose their jobs and reputation and stuff

73
Q

what did the public think of mccarthy

A

they approved of his crusade because they thought he was a legit guy

74
Q

what did eisenhower say about mccarthy

A

nothing. he was silent on mccarthy’s irresponsible accusations because he’s a moderate bro and appeals to both sides

75
Q

what was the impact of mccarthy’s finger pointing

A

a lot of asian specialists were fired which severely impacted our understanding of policies in relation to the vietnam war

76
Q

1952 presidential election

A

eisenhower wins by a landslide

77
Q

what mistake did mccarthy make

A

went after the army

78
Q

army mccarthy hearings

A

mccarthy the idiot accused the army and so they’re at court and everything is televised which makes his downfall much worse

79
Q

fred fischer

A

the catalyst in maccarthy’s downfall in power

80
Q

how did tv impact public’s view of mccarthy

A

they were able to see his callousness first hand

81
Q

what happened to mccarthy

A

he was censured and later died
he tried to continue his anti communist speech but it was to an empty senate

82
Q

censure

A

express severe disapproval of (someone or something), especially in a formal statement.

83
Q

john foster dulles

A

secretary of state
more assertive us foreign oikicyicy

84
Q

what did john foster dulles think of containment

A

he thought it was too passive

85
Q

peaceful liberation

A

us should lead by example to attract nations to democracy and capitalism

86
Q

an example of propoganda

A

radio free europer

87
Q

3 key things to peaceful liberation

A

money, protection, propoganda

88
Q

radio free europe

A

radio broadcasting organization created by the United States government in 1950 to provide information and political commentary to the people of communist eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. In the absence of unbiased media in the communist countries, Radio Free Europe provided its estimated 35 million listeners with news from around the world and, more important, from their own countries. Because of its largely successful efforts to outwit communist censors and reach its listeners on a daily basis, Radio Free Europe is credited with having contributed significantly to the demise of communist regimes throughout eastern Europe.

89
Q

did soviet govt like radio free europe

A

no they constantly tried to jam it

90
Q

who was in charge of radio free europe

A

us congress through the cia

91
Q

u2 spy incident

A

so we have these intelligence planes and pilots are supposed to commit suicide when they know they’re going to be caught so all the information stays safe

but this one guy doesn’t as the ussr gets all this info and it makes us look extra bad because we were like what horrible people you soviets are shooting down this innocent weather plane and the soviets were like my guy we have evidence and then we were like … anyways

92
Q

khrushchev

A

in charge after stalin died

93
Q

brinkmanship

A

if us got face to face with the enemy the us should not flinch, tell other nations to back down or feel the force of our military might. we wanna be more aggressive and shake up the status quo in favor of the west. people scared by our nuclear bombs boom boom

94
Q

what’s significant about developing nations

A

especially in the latin america and africa there are a lot of developing nations who are deciding what model of government they like and the us is like we gotta go in and convince them democracy is just the heehaw so russia doesn’t get them

95
Q

domino theory

A

if us allows a communist nation to turn their neighborr to communism then that country’s neighbor will turn and they’ll all fall like dominos

96
Q

1960 election

A

jfk vs nixon

kennedy wins

electoral map shows jfk had the eastern states and nixon had the western
kennedy wins electoral votes

97
Q

impact of tv on the 1960 election

A

first televised election and 70 mil people tune in

4 million votes are decided by this debate

nixon sounds better but kennedy looks better on canera

98
Q

were northern people voting democratic or republican in 1960

A

democratic

99
Q
A

US History 2 Final (6 decks)

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