Cold War

Question 1

What was the Truman Doctrine

Answer 1

The Truman Doctrine (1947) was:
A Doctrine that stated that communism should be contained
Many people see it as the start of the cold war

Question 2

What was the Marshall plan

Answer 2

The Marshall plan (1947) was a plan that:
Helped rebuild Europe
Stopped a potential spread of communism in Europe
Gave them 13 billion.

Question 3

What is Cominform

Answer 3

Cominform was an international union that brough all communist nations under USSR control

Question 4

What was Comecon?

Answer 4

Comecon was an economic union in response to the martial plan

Question 5

What were the causes of the Cuban missile crisis?

Answer 5

Cuba had been overthrown by a pro-soviet man: Fidel Castro, who got friendly with the USSR and after the ‘bay of pigs’ invasion they moved Soviet missiles into Cuba

Question 6

What happened during the Cuban missile crisis?

Answer 6

Nuclear missiles were set up in both Cuba and Turkey and both sides were very afraid of Nuclear strike and the tension was very high, then an agreememt was reached to take missiles out of Cuba and Turkey and crisis was averted.

Question 7

What were the consequences of the Cuban missile crisis

Answer 7

The consequences were:
Khrushchev fired
Kennedy praised
Hotline was established
World was a safer place

Question 8

What was the 3 conferences between the big 3?

Answer 8

Tehran(1943), Yalta(1945), Potsdam(1945)

Question 9

Why did the soviets invade Afghanistan (1979)

Answer 9

Because they wanted to have a buffer from the muslim fundamentalist spread and also they were helping the communist supported Amin

Question 10

What happened and what were the consequences of the USSR invasion of Afghanistan

Answer 10

1.5 million Afghans died
15,000 Soviets dead
Cost USSR 8 billion a year
The USA supplied the Mujahideen with guns (rose tensions)
Started second cold war (ended détente)

Question 11

What was agreed at the helsinki accords (1975)

Answer 11

Borders became inviolable
Respect human rights
Increase relationship between east and west

Question 12

What happened when Gorbachev came

Answer 12

He introduced glasnost and perestroika-new thinking

Question 13

Why did the USSR end

Answer 13

Gorbachev was anti weapons and allowed people freedom to leave

Question 14

What was agreed at the Tehran conference(1943)

Answer 14

They agreed to help fight the nazis on the western front to help soviets

Question 15

What was agreed at the Yalta conference(1945)

Answer 15

They agreed that Germany should be split into 4 for US, Britain, France and SU

Question 16

What was agreed at the Potsdam conference (1945)

Answer 16

Polands border would be moved westwards

Germany pays SU reparations

Question 17

What was the Iron curtain speech (1946)

Answer 17

Churchill went to America after losing to Atlee and said that an ‘iron curtain had lowered over europe’ and America and Britain had to stop the USSR because they are a menace.

Question 18

What were the causes of the Prague Spring (1968)

Answer 18

Dubcek introduced the ‘Prague spring reforms’ which meant that:
Censorship of speech was allowed
Trade unions were allowed more power
Regional governments were given more power
Trade with the west was increased
Multi party elections were discussed

Question 19

What were the consequences of the Prague spring(1968)

Answer 19

Dubcek is gone
Soviet union became more powerful and had a tighter hold over satilite states
Brezhnev doctrine introduced:
Brezhnev said that if any communist country takes actions to endager the unity of all communist countriea then it is their duty to stop them

Question 20

What were the events of the Prague Spring (1968)

Answer 20

Brezhnev orders warsaw pact troops to threaten Dubcek
Dubcek begins talks with Tito of Yugoslavia
Brezhnev takes action and sends in 500,000 troops on 20th of August 1968
Czech people put up resistance but are no match for trained warsaw pact troops
Dubcek is arrested and reforms are reversed
Dubcek is replaced with Soviet puppet Husak

Question 21

What were the causes of the Berlin crises

Answer 21

3 million people left the East through Berlin
Krushchev introduced his Berlin ultimatum which said that:
The west should leave west Berlin and that Berlin should become a free city under Soviet control

Question 22

What were the events of the Berlin crises

Answer 22

Berlin wall was built in 1961
The USA disputed the right to patrol checkpoints and as a result tanks were rolled up to checkpoint charlie for a stand-off
Krushchev and Kennedy decided to roll the tanks back as it was a bad reason to go to war

Question 23

What were the consequences of the Berlin crises and Wall

Answer 23

Berlin was split in two and 130 Berliners were killed
The superpower relations were worse
Propoganda win for US
West Berlin was an ‘emblem of freedom’