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Therapeutic Modalities > Cold Modalities > Flashcards

Cold Modalities Flashcards

0
Q

Convection

A

Heat loss or gain through movement of fluid or air between regions of unequal temperature

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1
Q

Conduction

A

Heat loss or gain through direct contact

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2
Q

Radiation

A

The emission of energy

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3
Q

Conversion

A

Changing from one energy form to another

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4
Q

Evaporation

A

Thermal energy must be removed to undergo a phase change from liquid to gas

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5
Q

Most effective when talking about rapid cooling is an object….

A

Going through a phase change

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6
Q

Cryotherapy

A

The application of cold modals that have a temperature range between 32-65 deg F

Heat is removed from body and absorbed by the cold modal

May cause local or systemic effects

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7
Q

Thermal agents

A

Represent a transfer of heat energy toward or away from tissue in a unidirectional manner

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8
Q

Fundamental principle

A

One object must have a higher temperature than the other

The warm tissue loses heat to the cold modal

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9
Q

The amount of _______ is the primary limiting factor affecting the depth of penetration

A

Adipose tissue

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10
Q

Ice with ______ produces more change in tissue temp than ice alone

A

Compression

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11
Q

The primary rationale for using cryotherapy is….

A

To decrease the metabolic rate of tissues

This reduces the demand for oxygen and limits secondary hypoxic injury

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12
Q

Maximum temperature for reduction of ____________ __________ is 50-59 deg F

A

Cell metabolism

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13
Q

Local effects: Cellular response

A

Decrease cell metabolism

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14
Q

Local response: blood and fluid dynamics

A

Vasoconstriction

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15
Q

Local response: nerve conduction

A

Decreased afferent nerve conduction

16
Q

Inflammation

A

Decreases inflammation

Decrease release of inflammatory mediators

17
Q

Local response: muscle spasm

A

Decreases sensitivity of muscle spindle

Breaks the pain-spasm cycle

18
Q

Cold therapy alters pain perception and transmission by….

A

Stimulating a beta fibers
Reducing nerve conduction velocity
Reducing muscle spasm
Controlling edema

19
Q

Indications for cryotherapy

A 
Acute injury or inflammation
Acute or chronic pain
Post surgical pain
Small superficial burns
Acute or chronic muscle spasm 
Neuralgia
20
Q

Contraindications to cryotherapy

A 
Cold allergy
Cardiac and respiratory involvement
Uncovered open wounds
Anesthetic skin
Known Raynaud's phenomenon 
Prolonged application over superficial nerves
21
Q

What will you feel during cold application?

A

Cold burning, tingling, aching, numbness

22
Q

Reuse able cold packs

A

Silica, water, and antifreeze
Advantage: cost effective
Disadvantage: risk of frostbite

23
Q

Instant cold packs

A

Two chemicals separated by a barrier
Advantages; portable, small, quick
Disadvantages: one time use, looses cold quickly

24
Q

Ice bags

A

Most commonly used
20 min application

Advantages: quick, easy
Disadvantage: machine and bags are investment

25
Q

Cold compression therapy units

A

Combine static external compression with cold application

Less effective cooling

26
Q

Game ready

A

Intermittent cold compression unit
Applies pumping principle

Advantages: price, reusable
Disadvantages: initial investment, setup/ clean up

27
Q

Ice massage

A

Delivered to small unevenly shaped areas
5-10 min application

Advantages: convent self treatment, cost and time effective
Disadvantages: cannot cover large areas, messy, no compression

28
Q

Cold whirlpool

A

Effective in applying cold therapy to irregularly shaped areas/ large surface areas

Indications: decreased ROM, subacute or chronic conditions
Contraindications: acute conditions, postural support

Between 50 and 65 deg F

29
Q

Whirlpool safety

A

Need to fill above turbine
As surface area increases so should temp
Disinfect
Patient should never touch on off switch

30
Q

Whirlpool cleaning

A 
Drain water enough to run turbine
Add disinfectant
Run for five on off Sykes
Drain and scrub
Rinse
31
Q

Cold water immersion

A

Temp 40-50 deg
10-15 min

Indications: acute injury or inflammation

Precautions: dependent position, nerve palsy

Contraindications: same as other cold modals

32
Q

Vasocoolant sprays

A

Combine cold and stretching
Decreases skin temp and decrease pain transmission

Flouromethane spray

Indications: trigger point, muscle spasm, decreased ROM, acute pain
Contraindications: allergy, acute/ post surgical injury, open wound use on face and eyes

Therapeutic Modalities (5 decks)

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