COLD ENVIRONMENTS Flashcards
What are the characteristics of glacial climates?
Snow and ice all year round with vey cold and dry conditions.
Temperatures can reach -70C and the highs are of -2C.
Katabatic winds.
What are the characteristics of periglacial climates?
Significant cover of snow and ice - not all year.
Large range in seasonal temperatures.
What are the characteristics of mountain climates?
Once covered in ice.
Landforms still have an influence.
What are the reasons for cold climates?
High latitudes
Winds
Albedo
Mountain environments
How do glaciers move?
Internal flow / deformation
Basal slippage
How do glaciers erode?
Abrasion
Plucking
Bulldozing
What factors affect erosion?
The speed of ice movement Temperature of lower ice Basal water Thickness of the ice Debris particles size and shape Meltwater amount Bedrock
What weathering processes occur?
Freeze thaw
Dilation
Carbonation
What factors affect weathering?
Rock type Altitude Time of day Bedding planes and joints Temperature
What landforms occur due to erosion?
Cirques Arêtes Glacial troughs Truncated spurs Ribbon lakes Fjords
What depositional processes occur?
Ablation
Deposits directly from ice
Fluvioglacial deposits
What landforms occur due to deposition?
Till plains Drumlins Moraines Varves Eskers Kames
