Cohort Studies Flashcards
1
Q
What is a Cohort Study?
A
- some factor (X) causes some outcome (Y)
X –> Y - cohorts are population groups that are followed over time
2
Q
Post Hoc Fallacy
Example
A
- Making the mistake of believing that phenomena are causally linked solely on the basis of when they happened
- Ex. the debunked link between autism and vaccinations
3
Q
Temporarily
A
- the relationship in time of cause and effect
4
Q
Cohort Effect
Ex.
A
- influence that membership in a particular cohort can have on health through the social and environmental conditions
- what cohorts effect the outcome?
- Ex. age cohorts
5
Q
Population-Based Cohort Study
A
- a cohort that follows an entire population`
6
Q
Exposure-Based Cohort Study
A
- uses a cohort that is known to have experienced an exposure
- Ex. lung health = exposure group of people working in coal mines
7
Q
Challenges of Cohort Studies (4)
A
- expensive
- big time commitment
- if someone moves, dies, or doesn’t want to play anymore
- study conductor dies (because these study’s are long)
8
Q
Cohort Studies do not include: (2)
A
- randomization samples
- need to be exposure/ risk of exposure - or only exposure samples
- need both exposed and non-exposed samples
9
Q
When do you assess exposure in:
- Population Cohorts?
- Exposure-based Cohorts?
A
- P = at the beginning of the stud
- E = exposure status of each participant is known prior to starting research
10
Q
Retrospective Cohort Studies (also called nonconcurrent studies)
A
- collect exposure data from historical records and determine the participants’ disease status at the start of the study
- accumulate many person-years of follow-up without investing many years worth of real-time data collection
11
Q
Historical Prospective Cohort Studies
A
- reaching back into time to gather data about exposures,
- following cohort members into the future
