Cohesion, Leadership, Group Developmetn/Norms, Team Building Flashcards
Cohesion comes from the word
Cohaesus (to cleave or stick together)
What is the most important small group variable
Cohesion
Most Widely Used Definition
Coheison is a dynamic process which is reflected in the tendency for a group to stick stick together and remain united in the pursuit of its instrumental objecctives and or for the satisfaction of member affective needs.
Simplified Defiiton of Cohesion
Dynamic Process in which a team sticks together in the pursuit of the same goal and to satisfy the needs of members.
Charcteristics of Cohesion (5)
Multidimensional - variety of factors to cause a group to stick together
Dynamic - change over time
Instrumental - groups stick together for task purposes
Affective - stick together because they enjoy eachothers company
Emergent State - sum of the groups characteristics and behaviours are not the same as the indivduals
Carron Widemeyer and Brawley 1985 looked at and used what
used the GEQ to look at percptions of cohesion via
Group Integration Task
Group Integration Social
Inidvidual Attarction to the Group - social
Individual attractions to the Group - Task
18 items
IATG
members personal attraction to the group personally
Group Integration
members perception of the group as a whole (do we stick together?)
Questionnaire to Assess Cohesion for Kids
YSEQ
only focusses on task and social
because kids cannot think well enought ot understand GEQ
Types of Factors in Group Cohesion
Situational
Leadership
Personal
Team
Situational Factors
the nautre of the situation influences cohesion
ex.
contracted obligations
social pressures against quitting
geography
group size
Personal Factors
choesion influenccing individual beahviour
ex.
adherence (absenteeism, workoutput,dropout behaviour)
social loafing
sacrifice behaviour
the poor/ bad Personal Factors decrease when cohesion increases
Leadership Factors
leadership behaviour influences cohesion
decision style ( democratic or delagative)
Leadership behaviour
(training instructions, social support, positive feedback, democratic behaviour)
Team Factors
team factors are related to cohesion
ex.
tesam performance
shared negative experiences
team stability
team goals
team roles
- clarity, acceptance atarting status
collective efficacy
Cohesion affects on perfomance was foudn to be
moderate and significant
Task Cohesion or Social cohesion better for performance
equally important
does performacne lead to better cohesion? or vice versa
cohesion leads ot performacne and perforamce lead to coheison
they are the same
but in practicality we can contol cohesion but not performance
Cohesion/performance better in individual sports or team sports
they are the saem
cohesion in individual sports is still created in triaing and practice
doesnt mattter what type of team it is
male or female benefit more from cohesion/performacne?
female show a stornger relationship, no evidence why
but male is alos important jsut not to the same degree as females
level of comp affect cohesion/ performance?
no good for all levels
does the expectation norm of productivity affect cohesion performacne?
yes, high cohesion teams contribute high performance with high productivity
hihg productivity wont lead to high perfomacne if there is low norm for producitivyt
Can Choesion disadvantage Performance?
1/3 saw disadvantgages to high task cohesion
2/3 saw disadvantages to high social cohesion
Disadvantages to Task Cohesion
at a team level
- too focused on task decrease social relationships
- too focuse on task communication can be misitnerpted and cause problems
Disadvantages of task coheison at the individual level
- take away personal enjoyment
-poor attitidue if taken too seriously
-increase percieved pressure