Cohesion in Modern Societies

Question 1

social facts

Answer 1

ways of thinking, doing and feeling that are external to the individual and exert a compelling power on them e.g. laws, habits, expectations [can only be explained by each other]

Question 2

collective consciousness

Answer 2

accumulation of all social facts, totality of beliefs common to individuals in the same society [more than the sum of its parts]

Question 3

suicide according to Durkheim

Answer 3

most individualist of actions explained sociologically

Question 4

four types of suicide

Answer 4

[1] egoistic - lack of integration
[2] altruistic - too much integration
[3] fatalistic - overregulation
[4] anomic - unclear rules and boundaries

Question 5

individual structural differentiation

Answer 5

shift from mechanical to organic solidarity, cohesion to individualism, penal to civil law

Question 6

institutional structural differentiation

Answer 6

sacred canopy into emancipation, letting go of overarching religious domain [science, politics, arts]