Cognitive Screening Flashcards
Language is the combination of
comprehension and speech
Characteristics of Language
spontaneous speech fluency word comprehension repetition object naming reading comprehension writing
dysarthria
speech difficulties due to impaired motor control of one or more of the structures that control speech
these structures are
tongue, pharynx, palate
characteristics of dysarthria
slurred, nasal or indistinct
dysarthria results of
motor lesions to CNS or PNS Parkinsons Huntingtons ALS cerebellar dysfunction
Dysphonia
difficulty in voice production
low volume, quality, pitch
parkinsons
Aphasia
difficulty with or inability to PRODUCE or UNDERSTAND LANGUAGE
typical dominant hemisphere
LEFT
Types of Aphasia
Brocas (expressive)
Wernickes (receptive)
Global Aphasia
Anomia
Anomia
inability to name objects
Global Aphasia
expressive & receptive deficits
Receptive Aphasia
Wernickes long sentences w/ no meaning invent new words rapid effortless unaware of errors impaired word comprehension, repetition, object naming, reading comprehension and writing
Expressive
Brocas
short meaningful phrases with great effort
omit small words
easily frustrated by inability to communicate
non-fluent
impaired
good reading comprehension but can’t read out loud
Simple Assessment includes
understanding of questions (simple/complex) Word comprehension Repetition Naming Writing
Cognition includes
orientation attention memory problem solving perception
What do you start with?
Alertness
Alertness is located
brainstem
levels of alertness
Normal Lethargy Obtundation Stupor Coma
Lethargy
slight reduction
clouding of consciousness
think more slowly
Obtundation
moderate reduction in alertness
Stupor
excessively long or deep sleep like state
arouse only by vigorous stimulation
coma
complete unresponsiveness
lacks most basic response
reflexes may be present
Orientation Status is located
Frontal lobe
A&O x 1 to 4
definition of orientation status
ability to orient to: person, place, time and situation
Attention is considered
Multifocal/ Diffuse
definition of attention
ability to attend to a specific stimulus or task
assess this by
repetition of a series of numbers or letters
Different types of attention
Focused Attention Sustained Attention (vigilance) Divided Attention Alternating Attention Selective Attention
Memory is located in what lobe
Frontal/ Temporal
Types of memory
immediate recall
short-term
long-term
Two types of Problem Solving
Thought Processes (frontal)
Calculation (Left Parietal)
Abstract Thought (frontal)
Judgement (frontal)
Thought Processes is
frontal
complete if/then statements
Calculation is
Left Parietal
ability to perform verbal or written mathematical problems
Abstract thought is
Frontal
ability to reason in an abstract fashion
proverb
Judgement is
Frontal
ability to reason in concrete fashion
demonstrate common sense and safety
Spacial Perception is
Right Parietal
ability to contract or draw an object with a specific orientation or characteristic
Body Perception is
Right Parietal
self-awareness of own body
ask to identify as specific body part on body
Cortical Sensations
Parietal Stereognosis Tactile Localization Two-Point Discrimination Double Simultaneous Stimulation Graphesthesia
Praxis is
Dominant Hemisphere
ability to conceive and plan a new motor action in response to an environmental demand
Motor Praxis requires the integration of
cognition tactile-kinesthetic input vestibular visual-spatial selection and sequencing of movement and language
Apraxia is
the inability to perform a movement or a sequence of movements despite intact sensation, automatic motor output and an understanding of the task
Ideomotor Apraxia is (limb)
inability to imitate gestures or perform a purposeful motor task on command
Ideational Apraxia is (conceptual)
inability to carry out a sequence of motor tasks and loss of the idea of how to interact with an object or tool
Agnosia
loss of the ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not affected and no memory loss
Agnosia affects only
a single modality
vision or hearing
Agnosia result of damage at the
occipitotemoral border
Abstract Thought two different types
meaning of proverb or discuss how two objects are similar or different
