Cognitive Science

Question 1

What is Cognition?

Answer 1

The collection of mind processes and activities used in perceiving, learning, thinking and understanding and the act on using those processes.

Question 2

Give three examples of Cognitive Processes (Clue: Things that make our brain process things.)

Answer 2

Any answers below:

1) Learning and Memory
2) Thinking and Reasoning(Planning, Problem Solving, Decision Making.)
3) Language
4) Vision-perception
5) Social-cognition
6) Dreaming and Consciousness.

Question 3

What is Cognitive Science?

Answer 3

The study of the human mind and behavior
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The study of cognitive processes that involve the acquisition, representation, and use of human knowledge.

Question 4

What is Cognitive Psychology

Answer 4

The study of the thinking mind and is concerned with :

1) How we attend to and gain information about the world
2) How is the information stored and processed in our brains
3) How do we solve problems, think and formulate language.

notice how they all have meanings to each other

Question 5

What are the 4 things that relate to cognitive psychology

Answer 5

1) Experimental cognitive psychology
2) Cognitive Science
3) Cognitive neuropsychology
4) Cognitive neuroscience

Question 6

What follows the experimental tradition of cognitive psychology and involves nothing with computer modeling. (RAW)

Answer 6

Experimental Cognitive Psychology

Question 7

What area does cognitive science fit with?

Answer 7

It develops computational models to understand human cognition.

Question 8

What does cognitive computing mean?

Answer 8

Refers to the individual technologies that perform specific tasks to facilitate(making it easier) human intelligence.
eg: siri

Question 9

What is the difference between Cognitive Computing and Artificial Intelligent?

Answer 9

Artificial Intelligent focuses on completing tasks accurately to help humans.
Meanwhile, Cognitive Computing focuses on helping humans in completing their tasks.

Question 10

Give an example of Artificial Intelligent and Cognitive Computing

Answer 10

Ai: Vacuum Cleaner(helps humans

Cognitive Computing: Siri (helps human solve their problems)

Question 11

What is Optical Illusion?

Answer 11

Optical Illusion is a visual stimuli that is perceived by the eye, comprehended by the brain in a way that is different from reality.

Question 12

Give 3 types of illusion

Answer 12

• Literal Illusion
• Cognitive Illusion
• Psychology illusion

Question 13

How does an illusion happen? *note: Illusion happens because of the gestalt principle

Answer 13

Because the mind, our mind, groups patterns according to the laws of perceptual organization.

Question 14

What is the gestalt principle?

Answer 14

The law of simplicity which states that every stimulus is perceived in its simplest form.

Question 15

What do the laws of perceptual organization mean?

Answer 15

A set of rules that specifies how we perceptually organize parts into groups.

Question 16

What are the gestalt principles?

Answer 16

1) Good figure/simplicity/
2) Similarity
3) Good continuation
4) PROXIMITY
5) Common Fate
6) Familiarity
7) Closure

Question 17

Explain Good Figure/Simplicity

Answer 17

Every stimulus pattern is seen in such a way that the resulting structure is as simple as possible.

Question 18

Explain Similarity

Answer 18

When similar things appear to be grouped together. (eg: squares and circles.)

Question 19

Similarity depends on?

Answer 19

Size, shape, lightness, hue, and orientation.

Question 20

Explain Good Continuation

Answer 20

Good Continuation points that when two lines or more are connected, the result of straight and curving lines are mostly seen as if they belong together, and the lines tend to make it look like it is following the smoothest path.

Question 21

Explain Proximity

Answer 21

Things that are near to each other but in our heads, it appears to be grouped together.

Question 22

Explain common fate(Keyword: direction)

Answer 22

Things that are moving in the same direction appear to be grouped together.

Question 23

Explain familiarity

Answer 23

Things are most likely to appear as groups if the groups appear to be familiar and meaningful.

Question 24

Closure

Answer 24

Things that are most likely to be seen as complete figures even when there are parts of information missing.

Question 25

What is Selective Attention

Answer 25

Selective attention is a PROCESS by which a person can SELECTIVELY pick out one message out of various messages that are occurring simultaneously

Question 26

What is Attention?

Answer 26

The concentration OF mental effort on sensory or mental events. (mcm when one goes to mental events or has sensory, they would concentrate, which includes mental effort)

Question 27

What is the Stroop effect?

Answer 27

The Stroop effect is caused by the inability of humans to avoid reading out the meaning of the word even if they have been instructed to ignore them.

Question 28

How does the Stroop effect happen?

Answer 28

It happens due to highly practice of reading and has become sooooooo automatic that it is difficult to not read them.