Cognitive Psych Flashcards
What is False Memory?
The retrieval of an event that never occurred.
What is the Misinformation Effect?
The decreased accuracy of episodic memories due to info provided after the event.
What is Imagination Inflation?
The boost in confidence associated with imagining the misleading info.
What is Source Memory?
The ability to recall the context in which we acquired a memory.
When does Source Amnesia occur?
When you cannot remember where your memories came from, even though you remember the event.
What is considered an Error of Source Monitoring?
When you forget the source of your facts.
What is considered an Error of Reality Monitoring?
When you forget whether you experienced or imagined an event.
What happens in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (RDM) memory paradigm?
Participants are read a list of words and asked to recall as many as they can.
What do people often recall in the RDM memory paradigm?
They will often recall related words that were never presented.
What do False Memories depend on?
Recollected Gist Memory, the general global aspects of the supposed event, rather than the specific details.
Gist Based Memories are..?
Highly durable.
True or False? False Memories sometimes outlast real memories.
True
Why do false memories seem subjectively similar to real memories?
Because the brain treats them similarly.
What did Herbert Simon argue that people experienced?
Bounded Rationality.
What does Bounded Rationality mean?
A person’s capacity to make rational decisions is bounded, or constricted by their limited resources.
What are the two types of thinking used to make judgements and decisions?
The Controlled System and The Automatic System.
What is the Controlled System?
This system is slower and more effortful and leads to more thoughtful and rational outcomes.
What is the Automatic System?
This system is fast and fairly effortless and leads to decent outcomes most of the time.
Which system do people fall back on when they’re tired?
The Automatic System.
What are Affective Reactions?
They are basic feelings of what is good (positive affect) or bad (negative affect) for you.
What is the Affect Heuristic?
A tendency to use the positive or negative affect we associate with various objects and events in the world to make judgements and decisions.
What do people with damage to the ventromedial frontal cortex lack?
An ability to associate effective reactions with the possible consequences of their actions.
What happens to people’s brains when they evaluate moral situations?
Their brain regions involved in responding to physically disgusting situations becomes active.
If our affect can be manipulated, so can our _ and _.
Judgment and Decisions.
